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((Short description|Series of autonomous robotic vacuum cleaners sold by iRobot))
((About|the series of autonomous robotic vacuum cleaners|the devices in general|Robotic vacuum cleaner))
((distinguish|Rumba))
((Multiple issues|
((Expert needed|robotics|date=December 2018|reason=inaccuracies non-experts won't notice))
((Copy edit|date=October 2023))
((Advert|date=October 2023))
))
((Infobox product
| title            = Roomba
| logo             = 
| logo_caption     = 
| logo_alt         = 
| image            = Roomba original.jpg
| image_size       = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = Original Roomba from 2002
| type             = [[Robotic vacuum cleaner]]
| inventor         = 
| inception        = 17 September 2002
| manufacturer     = [[iRobot]]
| available        = 
| current supplier = 
| last production  = 
| models           = [[#Models|See list]]
| slogan           = 
| website          = https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba.html
| notes            = 
))
((Automation))

'''Roomba''' is a series of [[autonomous robot|autonomous]] [[robotic vacuum cleaner]]s made by the company [[iRobot]], introduced in September 2002.<ref>((cite web |url= http://www.irobot.com/sp.cfm?pageid=203 |title= iRobot Corporation:Our History |publisher= Irobot.com |access-date= 2013-11-24|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103091646/http://www.irobot.com/sp.cfm?pageid=203 |archive-date= 2012-01-03 ))</ref> The vacuums have a set of [[sensor]]s used to help them navigate the floor area of a home. These sensors can detect the presence of obstacles and steep drops (e.g., to avoid falling down stairs). 

As of 2024, iRobot markets models of their fourth through tenth generation, although it continues to provide support and sell accessories for its previous series.<ref>((cite web |title=Roomba Robot Vacuum Cleaners ((!)) iRobot® |url=https://www.irobot.com/roomba |website=irobot.com |access-date=1 August 2021 |language=en))</ref> Various models have different features, including tangle-free brushes, separate sweep [[Cylindrical|canisters]], more powerful [[vacuum]]s, [[obstacle avoidance]], and performance maps displayed via [[smartphone app]]s. Newer high-end models also have a camera, which works in conjunction with onboard mapping and navigation software to systematically cover all floor areas, move from room to room, avoid obstacles such as pet waste and charging cables, and find recharging stations.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-03-04 |title=Roomba Keeps Cleaning the Same Area (12 Reasons and 10 Fixes) |url=https://livelavishlife.com/roomba-keeps-cleaning-same-area/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |language=en-US))</ref>

Roombas allow some modulation and reprogramming. Parts of some models are interchangeable, allowing owners to mix and match features or switch to other units for longer battery operation. Additionally, some units can be adapted to perform more creative tasks using an embedded computer in conjunction with the Roomba Open Interface.

In August 2022, [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] announced its intention to purchase iRobot, though the acquisition was delayed by regulators in Europe for fear of hurting competition. As of January 2024, Amazon has abandoned these plans.<ref>((Cite news |last=Satariano |first=Adam |date=2024-01-29 |title=Amazon Scraps Deal to Buy Maker of Roomba Amid Regulatory Scrutiny |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/29/business/amazon-roomba-irobot-deal.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331))</ref>

== Development ==
Engineer Joe Jones first conceived of what eventually became the Roomba in 1989 while working at the [[MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory]]. His initial design stemmed from a challenge amongst colleagues to create something cool using [[Lego]]. Early prototypes were created and presented to the [[Denning Mobile Robot Company]] and [[Bissell]] in the 1990s, but neither company was interested in producing them.<ref>((Cite web |last=Rosen |first=Kenneth R. |date=2016-11-02 |title=Roomba’s Long, Bumpy Path From Prototype to Your Living Room |url=https://nymag.com/vindicated/2016/11/roombas-long-bumpy-path-from-prototype-to-your-living-room.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=The Vindicated |language=en))</ref> The concept languished until 1999 when [[S.C. Johnson & Son|S.C. Johnson]] eventually agreed to fund the project at [[iRobot]]. The device was initially called "DustPuppy" before being renamed to Roomba.<ref>((cite web |last1=Jones |first1=Joe |title=Don’t Fear the Robot |url=https://nautil.us/dont-fear-the-robot-237802/ |website=Nautilus |publisher=NautilusNext Inc. |access-date=8 December 2023 |date=5 May 2020))</ref> Development began in full in December 1999. S.C. Johnson pulled out after spending US$1–2 million, but iRobot proceeded with the project, leading to the launch of the first Roomba in September 2002.<ref>((cite web |last1=Rosen |first1=Kenneth |title=Roomba’s Long, Bumpy Path From Prototype to Your Living Room |website=The Vindicated |publisher=Vox Media, LLC |access-date=8 December 2023|url=https://nymag.com/vindicated/2016/11/roombas-long-bumpy-path-from-prototype-to-your-living-room.html |date=2 November 2016))</ref>

== Design ==
[[File:IRobot-Roomba-Bottom-view-01.jpg|thumb|700 series model upside down, showing the two driving wheels, beater brushes, various sensors and other parts]]

Roomba models are designed to be low enough to go under a bed or other furniture. Most Roomba models are disc-shaped, measuring ((convert|338-353|mm)) in diameter and ((convert|86-94|mm)) in height depending on the model. The S9 and S9+ robots are semicircular rather than circular, with a flat part at the front, and are narrower at ((convert|311|mm)) wide. A large contact-sensing mechanical bumper is mounted on the front half of all models, with a multi-directional [[infrared]] sensor at its top front center. Most models also have a recessed handle on top.<ref name="Roomba 560 Video Review">((cite web |title= iRobot Roomba 560 Video Review |url= http://www.robotreviews.com/reviews/roomba-560-video-review |publisher= Robot Reviews |access-date= 18 September 2013))</ref>

The first and second-generation Roomba models were not compatible with the Virtual Wall, a separately sold accessory that prevents it from entering an area. It projects a pattern of [[Consumer IR|infrared light]],<ref>((cite web | url=https://misc.ws/2014/02/27/diy-virtual-wall-for-roomba/ | title=DIY Virtual Wall for Roomba – Part One | website=misc.ws | date=2014-02-07 | access-date=2020-07-23 ))</ref> which the vacuum detects and treats as a physical wall, prompting it to stop and turn around. Third-generation and newer models are compatible with the Dual Mode Virtual Wall, which, in addition to simulating a straight wall, can create a circular barrier roughly ((convert|4|ft)) in diameter. Some 500, 700, and 800 series models are compatible with the Virtual Wall Lighthouse.<ref name="Aaron">[http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/aug2007/tc20070821_419619.htm?technology+product+review]  ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915171122/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/aug2007/tc20070821_419619.htm?technology+product+review|date=September 15, 2011))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/7283/~/overview-of-the-virtual-wall%C2%AE%C2%A0lighthouse%E2%84%A2.|title=Find Answers ((!)) iRobot Customer Care|website=homesupport.irobot.com|access-date=2018-12-06|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116104950/https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/7283/~/overview-of-the-virtual-wall%C2%AE%C2%A0lighthouse%E2%84%A2.|url-status=dead))</ref> It initially confines the vacuum to one area to be cleaned. Once the vacuum reports the area being sufficiently cleaned (based on its estimated area), it directs it to proceed to the next space to be cleaned and contains it there.<ref name=Lighthouse>((cite web|title=What are Roomba Virtual Walls?|url=http://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/486|work=iRobot Customer Care|publisher=iRobot|access-date=2012-03-04|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116035159/https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/486|url-status=dead))</ref>

Roombas are driven by two independently operating side wheels, which can drive the Roomba forward and backward as well as perform turns of any radius, including 360° turns in place. [[Rotary encoder]]s on the wheels can detect the rate at which the wheels are spinning, determining if they are slipping or stuck, and drop sensors can detect if a wheel is too low (such as getting stuck in a vent). An undriven swivel [[caster]] is located at the front of most models and the back of the D-shaped S series. It is not used for steering, but it is used as an additional sensor. It has a rotary encoder as well. The caster's wheel is half black and half white, and optical sensors detect the change in color as it rotates. This helps detect if the Roomba is stuck or beached (i.e., the drive wheels are spinning, but the Roomba isn't moving).

The cleaning head (brushes and suction area) on Roombas is relatively small. On most models, it is between the two side wheels and is around ((convert|5-8|in|cm)) wide; on the S series, it is moved to the flat square part of the D shape near the front, where it is wider, but still does not extend the full width of the vehicle. To compensate for this, Roombas have a rotating multi-pronged [[brush]] on one side that sweeps debris towards the path of the cleaning head, helping to clean a wider path and to reach into edges and corners.

A Roomba's bumper allows it to sense when it has bumped into an obstacle, after which it will reverse or change paths. Infrared "cliff sensors" on the bottom of the unit similarly prevent them from falling off ledges such as stairs. These may also trigger a false positive on dark or black-colored surfaces, such as some carpets, preventing Roombas from entering or being able to clean those areas. Third-generation and newer models have additional forward-looking infrared sensors to detect obstacles. These slow down the Roomba when nearing obstacles to reduce its force of impact.<ref>((cite web |url=http://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/960/~/roomba%E2%AE-500%2F600%2F700-series-light-touch-technology |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126175045/http://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/960/~/roomba%E2%AE-500/600/700-series-light-touch-technology |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 26, 2013 |title=iRobot: Customer Care - Roomba 500/600/700 Series Light Touch Technology |publisher=Homesupport.irobot.com |access-date=2013-01-29 ))</ref> It's also used to clean along walls without bumping into the wall repeatedly. This technology is also able to distinguish between hard and soft obstacles.

Most second and third-generation models and all newer ones have internal acoustic-based dirt sensors that allow them to detect particularly dirty spots and focus on those areas accordingly. Fourth-generation and newer models have an optical sensor located in front of the vacuum bin, allowing detection of wider and smaller messes.<ref>((cite web |url=http://uksupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/1048/related/1/?cc=uk |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126201227/http://uksupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/1048/related/1/?cc=uk |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 26, 2013 |title=What is Roomba's Dirt Detect technology? |publisher=Uksupport.irobot.com |access-date=2013-01-29 ))</ref>

Third-generation and newer models can reverse their brushes' rotation direction to escape entangled cords and tassels. If at any time the unit senses that it has become stuck,<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-01-17 |title=10 Ways to Keep Robot Vacuum from Getting Stuck under Furniture? |url=https://livelavishlife.com/how-to-keep-robot-vacuum-from-getting-stuck-under-furniture/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website= |language=en-US))</ref> is unable to turn its main brushes, no longer senses the floor beneath it, or decides that it has worked its way into a narrow area from which it is unable to escape, it stops and sounds an error to help someone find it. Early models use only flashing lights or several beeps to indicate specific problems, while later models use a [[Speech synthesis|synthesized voice]] to announce a problem and a suggested solution.<ref name=Stuck>((cite web|title=How can I prevent Roomba from getting stuck?|url=http://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/62/p/788|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126103253/http://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/62/p/788|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 26, 2013|work=iRobot Customer Care|publisher=iRobot|access-date=2012-03-04))</ref> The voice is available in several languages. Models with app capabilities will also communicate the error to the app, which will notify the user via push notification.

Roombas are powered by a user-replaceable rechargeable battery; older models use [[Nickel–metal hydride battery|NiMH batteries]], while newer models use [[Lithium-ion battery|lithium-ion batteries]], and a few models support both. First-generation models must be recharged from a wall power adapter, while all subsequent models have a self-charging home base that the unit seeks out at the end of a cleaning session via infrared beacons. Charging takes about three hours.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-01-29 |title=How Long Does It Take Roomba to Charge? ((!)) Live Lavish Life |url=https://livelavishlife.com/how-long-does-it-take-roomba-to-charge/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |language=en-US))</ref> Battery reliability is a frequently mentioned complaint on customer review websites.<ref>((Cite web |last=Stokes |first=Callum |date=2023-04-10 |title=How Long Does Roomba Take to Charge? A Brief Guide |url=https://housevacuumcleaner.com/how-long-does-roomba-take-to-charge/ |access-date=2023-04-14 |website=House Vacuum Cleaner))</ref> Battery replacements from iRobot cost a significant fraction of the purchase price of a new Roomba, though compatible third-party batteries are available at a lower price. The iRobot customer support website offers advice on maximizing battery performance and longevity.<ref name=Battery>((cite web|title=Roomba 500/600/700 Series Battery Maintenance Tips|url=http://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/649|work=iRobot Customer Care|publisher=iRobot|access-date=2012-03-04|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116033157/https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/649|url-status=dead))</ref>

== Operation ==
=== Control and cleaning ===
[[File:Roomba time-lapse.jpg|thumb|Long exposure photo showing path taken by a Roomba as it cleans]]

All Roomba models can be operated by manually carrying the Roomba to the room to be cleaned and pressing a button. Third-generation and later models can also be operated by pressing the "CLEAN" button on the top while the Roomba is on the charging base, causing it to reverse off of the base and begin cleaning. Later models introduced several additional operating modes, such as "Spot," which cleans an area of a few feet. Older Roombas had "Max" mode, which cleans endlessly until the battery is depleted. "Dock" mode, introduced with the third generation, instructs the Roomba to seek a charging base for recharging. The availability of the modes varies by model. Many second- and third-generation Roombas and certain newer models (such as the 880),<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/24/irobot-roomba-880-review-robotic-vacuum-cleaner-thats-almost-a-pet|date=February 24, 2015|title=iRobot Roomba 880 review: a robotic vacuum cleaner that's almost a pet|website=[[TheGuardian.com]] ))</ref> come packaged with infrared remote controls or special control panels, allowing a human operator to "drive" the Roomba to areas to be specially cleaned.

Subsequent Roomba models can be controlled with the iRobot HOME app, where users can start and pause the Roomba, send it back to the charging base, choose time limits for it to run before returning home, and view details about each cleaning job, such as how long the Roomba ran for and how the job ended (i.e., being completed, canceled or the battery dying).[[File:Roomba3g.jpg|thumb|Roomba 530 on a charging station, which is plugged into a wall outlet]]The cleaning time depends on room size and, for models equipped with dirt sensors, the volume of dirt. First-generation models must be told the room size, while subsequent models either estimate the room size by measuring the longest straight-line run they can perform without bumping into an object or creating a map of the room.

Non-desktop users<ref>((cite web| url=https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/9101| title=What Devices are Supported by iRobot Home App?| publisher=iRobot| access-date=2020-06-03| archive-date=2020-06-03| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603063453/https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/9101| url-status=dead))</ref> can use the iRobot HOME App,<ref>((cite web| url=https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/880| title=Exclusive Wi-Fi Connected Robot Capabilities| publisher=iRobot| access-date=2020-06-03| archive-date=2020-06-03| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603063450/https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/880| url-status=dead))</ref> although only certain models [[2.4 GHz radio use#Resolving interference|support 5 GHz]].<ref>((cite web| url=https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/17735| title=What are the Wi-Fi Setup Requirements to Connect a Wi-Fi Connected Robot?| publisher=iRobot| access-date=2020-06-03| archive-date=2020-06-03| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603063451/https://homesupport.irobot.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/17735| url-status=dead))</ref> Wi-Fi connected Roombas can also connect to Alexa, Google Home, and other smart home platforms for voice control or use in automation.<ref>((cite web| url=https://smartgeekhome.com/alexa-roomba-commands/| title=82 Alexa Roomba commands [2023]: The Complete List| date=11 November 2021| publisher=Smart Geek Home| access-date=2023-01-11))</ref>

=== Pathing ===

Starting with the seventh generation, Roombas have an upward-facing camera and a downward-facing infrared floor-tracking sensor, which are used to [[Simultaneous localization and mapping|create a map of the floor]].<ref name="ieee">((cite web | url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/home-robots/review-irobot-roomba-980 | title=Review: iRobot Roomba 980 | author=Evan Ackerman | website=[[IEEE Spectrum]] | date=2015-12-14 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref> This enables them to use a back-and-forth cleaning pattern, which is faster and more efficient because it ensures more complete coverage without needing to cover an area multiple times. The floor-tracking sensor operates like an [[optical mouse]] and can provide precise movement data over small distances. However, this causes integration drift and small errors in measurement that accumulate over time. To rectify this, the upward-facing camera is used periodically to identify waypoints or "landmarks," coarse points that are used to correct the Roombas' position and map.<ref name="ieee" /><ref>((cite web | url=https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/cracking-open/cracking-open-the-roomba-980-robot-vacuum/ | title=Cracking Open the Roomba 980 robot vacuum | author=Bill Detwiler | website=[[TechRepublic]] | date=2019-05-28 | access-date=2020-07-28))</ref> Some algorithms, such as wall following, are still used, to partly assist in mapping the floor and to make sure the floor is cleaned along the edge and around obstacles. Unlike other mapping systems like [[lidar]], which can operate in complete darkness, Roombas' camera requires some light in the room in order to be able to map it. Starting with the eighth generation, Roombas retain the map after each run and use subsequent runs to improve the map. Multiple maps can be stored, and users can edit maps to separate and label regions (such as rooms), which can be used to have the Roomba clean only a selected room.

Roombas before the seventh-generation models do not map out the rooms they are cleaning. Instead, iRobot developed a technology called iAdapt Responsive Cleaning Technology.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.irobot.com/EngineeringAwesome/images/iAdapt+Fast+Facts.pdf|date=11 May 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511232754/http://www.irobot.com/EngineeringAwesome/images/iAdapt%20Fast%20Facts.pdf|title=iRobot Behavior Highlights|archive-date=11 May 2013))</ref> This relies on a few simple algorithms, such as spiraling, room crossing, wall following, and [[random walk]] angle changing after bumping into an object or wall. This design is based on MIT researcher and iRobot CTO [[Rodney Brooks]]' philosophy that robots should be like insects, equipped with simple control mechanisms tuned to their environments. The result is that, although Roombas are effective at cleaning rooms, they take several times longer to do the job than a human would. The Roomba may cover some areas many times, other areas only once or twice, and may miss some areas. However, the random algorithm has been shown to effectively cover rooms of various sizes and configurations, particularly when used repeatedly for maintenance cleaning. Some users have used [[long-exposure photography]] or compositing to create images showing Roombas' coverage of the floor,<ref>((cite web | url=https://twistedsifter.com/2013/04/long-exposure-photos-of-a-roombas-path/ | title=This is What Happens When You Put LEDs on a Roomba | date=2013-04-10 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref> and have even attached light sources to Roombas to create art using [[light painting]].<ref>((cite web | url=https://www.businessinsider.com/roomba-light-exposure-photos-taken-while-robot-vacuums-room-2016-8#he-started-experimenting-with-taking-photos-of-the-bot-working-in-a-dark-room-the-leds-on-the-top-of-the-roomba-are-the-only-lights-used-in-the-majority-of-his-photos-although-he-occasionally-ties-glowsticks-to-the-top-of-the-bot-2 | title=Gorgeous light exposure photos capture the path Roomba takes while it vacuums a room | author=Leanna Garfield | website=[[Business Insider]] | date=2016-08-04 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref><ref>((cite web | url=https://laughingsquid.com/light-painting-with-roomba/ | title=Light Painting With A Roomba | author=E.D.W. Lynch | date=2011-07-01 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref>

Some have also noted that doubts about the effectiveness of the random algorithms have been reinforced by multiple reports of Roombas rolling over dog feces and spreading them through the room, which rather unpleasantly illustrates how well the Roomba can cover the floor's area.<ref>((cite web | url=https://bestrobotvacuum2021.com/ | author=David | title=Best Robot Vacuum 2021 | date=2020-09-01 | access-date=2021-01-18 | archive-date=2021-01-22 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122215141/https://bestrobotvacuum2021.com/ | url-status=dead ))</ref><ref>((cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/aug/15/roomba-robot-vacuum-poopocalypse-facebook-post | title=Roomba creator responds to reports of 'poopocalypse': 'We see this a lot' | author=Olivia Solon | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=2016-08-15 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref> Roombas have become a common example of how [[randomized algorithm]]s can routinely succeed even though they cannot absolutely guarantee success on any single run or even after many repeated runs. Compared to competing products available when Roombas were first introduced, such as the [[Electrolux Trilobite]], the effectiveness of Roombas' random navigation was on par with (or even more effective than) robotic mapping technology available at the time, and cheaper to develop and produce, meaning it was sold at a significantly lower price.<ref>((cite web | url=https://www.roboticsbusinessreview.com/unmanned/whats-behind-the-success-of-irobots-roomba/ | title=What's Behind the Success of iRobot's Roomba? | publisher = Robotics Business Review | date=2010-01-30 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref>

When finished cleaning or when the battery is nearly depleted, Roombas (excluding first-generation models) will try to return to a base if one is detected. Roombas with mapping capability can recharge and resume a cleaning job, enabling them to clean large areas that take more than one full battery charge to complete. Roombas, except for first-generation models also support scheduling, allowing cleaning to start at a certain time and day of the week that the owner desires. Most 500-series models support scheduling through buttons on the unit itself, and higher-end models allow the use of a remote control, smartphone app, or smart-home automation integration to program schedules.

=== Maintenance ===
[[File:Roomba parts.jpg|thumb|right|Various Roomba Discovery and 400 series parts]]

Roombas require regular cleaning and maintenance. Because they are smaller and less powerful than large upright vacuums, the dustbin must be emptied frequently, sometimes as often as every single use. Hair and other obstructions must be removed from rollers and brushes more frequently. Some reviewers have complained about this necessity compared to traditional upright vacuums that only need infrequent cleaning and almost no maintenance; however, others have countered that the chore is not difficult, and that it takes significantly less time to clean a Roomba than it does to vacuum by hand.

iRobot has been praised for the availability of replacement parts for Roombas, with official parts still being sold for every model, including the first-generation Roombas almost 20 years after their release.<ref name="Wirecutter">((cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robot-vacuum/ | title=The Best Robot Vacuums of 2020 | author=Liam McCabe | publisher=[[Wirecutter (website)|Wirecutter]] | date=2020-05-19 | access-date=2020-07-23))</ref>

== Models ==

((As of|2022|post=,)) there have been ten generations of Roomba units.<ref name="iRobot Store">((cite web|title=iRobot Store|url=http://store.irobot.com/shop/index.jsp?categoryId=2174944|publisher=iRobot|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-date=30 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530224609/http://store.irobot.com/shop/index.jsp?categoryId=2174944|url-status=dead))</ref> All models have a patented design using pairs of brushes or rollers rotating in opposite directions to pick up debris from the floor.<ref name="Wirecutter"/> In some models, the brushes are followed by a [[squeegee]] vacuum, which directs the airflow through a narrow slit to increase its speed in order to collect fine dust. A horizontally mounted "side spinner" brush on the right side of the unit sweeps against walls to reach debris not accessible by the main brushes and vacuum. In the first generation, the dirty air passes through the fan before reaching the filter, while later models use a fan-bypass vacuum.

The early generation models  used a random algorithm to achieve total room coverage.<ref name="explainthatstuff.com">((Cite web|url=https://www.explainthatstuff.com/how-roomba-works.html|title = How do Roomba robot vacuum cleaners work?|date = 20 December 2009))</ref>
A small vacuum empties into a removable dustbin, which has rotation brushes to aid collection.<ref name="explainthatstuff.com"/> The robot is propelled by two knobby rubber wheels at the edges.<ref name="explainthatstuff.com"/> It has several sensors, including a bumper that detects collisions and an infrared sensor on top to respond to a "virtual wall".<ref name="explainthatstuff.com"/> The robot is powered by a rechargeable battery contained in the unit.<ref name="explainthatstuff.com"/>

=== First generation: Original series ===

Introduced in September 2002, the first-generation Roomba had three buttons for room size. The first-generation units comprised the original silver-colored Roomba, the blue Roomba Pro, and the maroon Roomba Pro Elite. The later two models included additional accessories, but all three used the same core robot and cleaning system.

An original Roomba model robotic vacuum is in the collection of the [[National Museum of American History]], which they note as the first successful domestic robot.<ref name="Roomba Robot Vacuum Cleaner">((Cite web|url=https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1448432|title = Roomba Robot Vacuum Cleaner))</ref> The robot vacuum is described as being able to change direction when it encounters an obstacle or infrared beam, and is powered by a battery.<ref name="Roomba Robot Vacuum Cleaner"/>

=== Second generation: Discovery and 400 series ===
[[File:Roomba Discovery.jpg|thumb|Roomba Discovery]]

The second-generation Roombas ("Discovery," later called the 400 series) replaced their predecessors in July 2004. It featured a larger dust bin, improved software that calculates room size, dirt detection, and fast charging in the home base. Room size is detected automatically based on the longest straight-line path that can be driven. Instead of buttons for room size, their buttons are "Clean," "Spot," and "Max".

Roomba budget models (Dirt Dog and Model 401) used a simplified interface (a single "Clean" button) and lacked some of the software-controlled flexibility of other versions. They were less expensive models intended for first-time purchasers. The Roomba Dirt Dog contained sweeping brushes and a larger dust bin, but lacked the vacuum motor, using the space that would be required for the vacuum for additional dust bin volume. It was designed for a home shop or garage environment.<ref name="Aaron" /> The Roomba Model 401 was similar but had a standard-size dust bin and vacuum system. The Dirt Dog was discontinued in 2010.

=== Third generation: Professional and 500 series ===
[[File:Roomba 570本體 (3249943973).jpg|thumb|570 model]]

The 500 series was introduced in August 2007<ref name="Aaron" /> and featured a forward-looking infrared sensor to detect obstacles and reduce impact speed, a docking command button, improved mechanical components, smoother operation, and a modular design to facilitate part replacement.<ref name="Aaron" /><ref>((cite web |url=http://homesupport.irobot.com/cgi-bin/irobot_homesupport.cfg/php/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=136&p_created=1154461969&p |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714203812/http://homesupport.irobot.com/cgi-bin/irobot_homesupport.cfg/php/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=136&p_created=1154461969&p |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 14, 2012 |title=Official iRobot Website |publisher=Homesupport.irobot.com |access-date=2009-06-09 ))</ref> The Roombas' speed is also increased, which is possible in part because of the sensors to avoid bumping into obstacles too hard. It also introduced customizable decorative face plates.<ref name="Aaron" /> The Roomba 530 included two virtual walls and a charging dock.<ref name="Aaron" />

This model also included a newer version of the navigation software, now called iAdapt.

There are several types of dust and debris collection bins for the 500 series models. The standard vacuum bin incorporates a squeegee vacuum. The high-capacity sweeper bin does not include a vacuum, but has greater debris capacity. The AeroVac Bin directs suction airflow through the main brushes instead of using a squeegee, which is thought to keep the brushes cleaner.

=== Fourth generation: 600 series===
[[File:Roomba 690.png|thumb|690 model]]

In August 2012, the 500 series was superseded by the 600 series, which added the AeroVac Bin and advanced cleaning head as standard features. In 2017, iRobot released the 690, which has  [[Wi-Fi]] connectivity, so it can be started with an app and some personal-assistant software.<ref name="irobot.com">((cite web|url=http://media.irobot.com/2017-05-02-iRobot-Extends-Wi-Fi-Connectivity-with-New-Roomba-R-890-and-690-Vacuuming-Robots|title=iRobot Extends Wi-Fi Connectivity with New Roomba 890 and 690 Vacuuming Robots|website=iRobot MediaKit))</ref> As of 2023, iRobot continues to market some 600 series models as budget models with Wi-Fi connectivity.

=== Fifth generation: 700 series ===
[[File:IRobot Roomba 780.jpg|thumb|780 model]]
The 700 series, introduced in May 2011, though largely similar to the 500 and 600 series, included a more robust cleaning system, an improved AeroVac Bin with [[HEPA]] filter, and improved battery life. Like the 500 series, the 700 series had models with different technologies and accessories. The Roomba 760 was the simplest model, and the Roombas 780 and 790<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.irobot.com/us/Roomba_790.aspx |title=iRobot Corporation: Roomba 790 |publisher=Irobot.com |access-date=1 July 2012 |archive-date=1 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701221142/http://www.irobot.com/us/Roomba_790.aspx |url-status=dead ))</ref> were the most advanced, with both scheduling and a large range of accessories, including lighthouses, a wireless command center (also compatible with select retrofitted 500-series models), and extra brushes and filters. Besides these two models, Roomba 770 and 782e were available, with scheduling, dirt detection, and full bin indicator.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Model
!Release Date
!Description
|-
|760
|2012
|Mid-range, cost reduced model that uses the new AeroVac Series II cleaning system. The 76x roombas are the only ones in the 700 series that do not have a 'full bin' indicator.<ref name=":5">((Cite web |title=Roomba 700 Series Comparison: Comparison and Review |url=https://www.bestcordlessvacuumguide.com/roomba-700-series-comparison/ |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=bestcordlessvacuumguide.com))</ref>
|-
|761
|2014
|Similar to the 760 model but sold at select retailers such as [[Kohl's]].<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 761 Robotic Vacuum |url=https://www.kohls.com/product/prd-1986564/irobot-roomba-761-vacuuming-robot.jsp |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=Kohl's |language=en))</ref>
|-
|765 (PET)
|2012
|Similar to the 760 model.
|-
|770
|2011
|Similar to the 760, but includes a dirt detection sensor that can detect areas of high dirt concentration and focus its cleaning efforts there. Also has a 'full bin' indicator and includes an [[Infrared|IR]] remote control for added convenience.<ref name=":5" />
|-
|772e
|
|
|-
|774
|2013
|Similar to the 770. Retailed for European markets.<ref>((Cite web |last=MW |date=2016-10-20 |title=WIN: iRobot Roomba 774 Vacuum Cleaning Robot |url=https://www.hughes.co.uk/blog/win-irobot-roomba-774-vacuum-cleaning-robot/ |access-date=2023-05-08 |website= Hughes Blog |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|775 (PET)
|2012
|Similar to the 770. Retailed for European markets.<ref>((Cite web |title=IRobot Roomba 775, Robotic Cleaners Reviews and Comments |url=https://www.qualityreview.co.uk/urun/1416/irobot-roomba-775 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=qualityreview.co.uk))</ref>
|-
|776 (PET)
|
|Similar to the 770. Retailed for European markets.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 776p 776 Robot Vacuum, Plastic, 33 W, Stainless Steel : Amazon.co.uk: Home & Kitchen |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/iRobot-Vacuum-Cleaner-Roomba-776p/dp/B00VT8K372 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=amazon.co.uk))</ref>
|-
|780
|2011
|Includes all of the features of the Roomba 770, but it adds a touchpad control system (compared to button control system) and includes more accessories.<ref name=":5" />
|-
|782
|
|Similar to the 780.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 782 Bagless Black, Silver robot vacuum |url=https://shopping.mercatos.com/en/irobot-roomba-782-bagless-black-silver-robot-vacuum_pid3521756.html |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=shopping.mercatos.com))</ref>
|-
|782e
|
|Similar to the 780. Retailed for European markets.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 782e : iRobot: Amazon.co.uk |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/iRobot-Roomba-782e/dp/B00UBTTYSY |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=amazon.co.uk))</ref>
|-
|785
|
|Similar to the 780. Retailed for European markets.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 785 Staubsaugerroboter : Amazon.co.uk: Home & Kitchen |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/iRobot-99153-Roomba-785-Staubsaugerroboter/dp/B00LHFV5E2 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=amazon.co.uk))</ref>
|-
|786 (PET)
|2014
|Similar to the 780. 
|-
|790
|2013
|Includes all of the features of the 780, but also comes with a wireless command center that allows the user to control the robot remotely. Also Includesmore accessories.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 790 Review |url=https://www.bestcordlessvacuumguide.com/irobot-roomba-790-review/ |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=bestcordlessvacuumguide.com))</ref>
|}

=== Sixth generation: 800 series ===
[[File:IRobot Roomba 870 (15860914940).jpg|thumb|870 model]]
The 800 series, introduced in 2013, is similar to the 700 series and its predecessors but contains updated technology. The AeroForce Performance Cleaning System, which is five times more powerful than the older series,<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.sevenhints.com/bobsweep-vs-roomba-vs-neato/|title=Bobsweep vs Roomba vs Neato – Robotic Vacuum Cleaners Battle! |date=2017-03-14|work=Sevenhints|language=en-US))</ref> and the iRobot XLife battery are some of the new features. The AeroForce system does away with the large rotating brush and pulls air between two rubber rollers, thereby getting the vacuum suction closer to the floor. In 2017, iRobot released the 890 with Wi-Fi connectivity that can be started with an app and various personal-assistant software.<ref name="irobot.com"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Model
!Release Date
!WiFi
!Navigation
!Description
|-
|801
|2013
| rowspan="8" |No
| rowspan="13" |iAdapt Navigation
|Similar to the 805 and aims to be a cost down 800 model.<ref>((Cite web |last=Kat |date=2018-09-09 |title=Roomba 801 Review - Everything You Need to Know |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-801-review/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|805
|2013
|One of the earliest 800 models that utilizes the AeroForce cleaning system. Has scheduling abilities, which allows up to 7 prescheduled runs per week, and comes with two virtual wall barriers.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-01-26 |title=Roomba 805 Robot Vacuum Review |website=RoboAuthority.com |url=https://roboauthority.com/roomba-805-review/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|850
|2015
|Similar to the 860 with less accessories.<ref>((Cite web |last=Alex |date=2019-08-16 |title=iRobot Roomba 850 Robotic Vacuum Review |url=https://www.householdme.com/irobot-roomba-850-robotic-vacuum-review/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=HouseholdMe |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|860
|2016
|All the features of the 805, but has onboard HEPA filter and a more powerful motor.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-01-16 |title=Roomba 805 Vs 860: Comparison Of Two Robot Vacuums |url=https://roboauthority.com/roomba-805-vs-860/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |language=en-US))</ref> Also contains a longer lasting lithium Ion battery while the 870 and 880 have a NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydride) battery.<ref>((Cite web |last=Kevin |date=2016-07-28 |title=Roomba 860 Review - High Quality Vacuum without Fancy Navigation Tech |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-860-review/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref> 
|-
|870
|2014
|Identical to the 860 except for a NiMH battery as opposed to a lithium ion battery. Includes two virtual walls.<ref>((Cite web |title=#1 Roomba 870 Vacuum Review (+Reasons To Avoid), 2021 |url=https://www.thebestvacuumcleaner.com/reviews/roomba-870 |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=thebestvacuumcleaner.com))</ref>
|-
|875
|
|Similar to the 870 but retailed for European markets.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 875 |url=https://www.trustedreviews.com/reviews/irobot-roomba-875 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=Trusted Reviews |date=21 September 2017 |language=en))</ref>
|-
|877
|
|Upgrade with a Lithium Ion battery and quicker charging time. Also released with the new "virtual lighthouse" accessory as opposed to the virtual wall, which can help guide a robot from one room to an adjoining room. Also can be controlled via a remote control.<ref>((Cite web |last=Kat |date=2018-09-12 |title=Roomba 877 Review - Worth The Hype or Not? |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-877-review/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|880
|2013
|Flagship model of the 800 series, Similar to the 860 but comes with more accessories, such as virtual lighthouses, filters, brushes and a remote.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba 860 vs 880: How Different are These Two Robot Vacuums? |url=https://www.bestcordlessvacuumguide.com/roomba-860-vs-880/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=bestcordlessvacuumguide.com))</ref>
|-
|885
|2015
|
|
|-
|890
|2017
| rowspan="4" |Yes
|Top of the line 800 series model that released with WiFi connectivity, which allowed communication with the robot via an app.<ref>((Cite web |last=Kat |date=2019-02-19 |title=Roomba 890 Review - Everything You Need to Know |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-890-review/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|891
|2017
|Cost down version of the 890 that comes with less accessories, has a smaller dust bin, and is heavier, but otherwise has the same performance.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba 890 vs Roomba 891 ((!)) Green Throttle |url=https://greenthrottle.com/roomba-890-vs-roomba-891/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=greenthrottle.com))</ref>
|-
|895
|2017
|Similar to the 890 but sold at select retailers including [[Kohl's]] and [[Macy's]] .<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 895 WiFi Connected Robotic Vacuum |url=https://www.kohls.com/product/prd-2948121/irobot-roomba-895-wi-fi-connected-robotic-vacuum.jsp |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Kohl's |language=en))</ref>
|-
|896
|2017
|Similar to the 890 but sold in select countries.<ref>((Cite web |title=IRobot Roomba 896, Robotic Cleaners Reviews and Comments |url=https://www.qualityreview.co.uk/urun/618/irobot-roomba-896 |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=qualityreview.co.uk))</ref>
|}

=== Seventh generation: 900 series ===
[[File:IRobot Roomba 980 22 (21460963853).jpg|thumb|980 model]]
The Roomba 980 was released in September 2015 and contains a new [[Simultaneous localization and mapping|visual simultaneous localization and mapping]] (vSLAM) navigation system, which allows it to clean an entire level of a home more efficiently. The 980 also features Wi-Fi connectivity and an iPhone and Android app.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://smarthomesmaker.com/alexa-roomba-commands/|title=Roomba Robot Vacuum ((!)) iRobot|website=irobot.com|language=en|access-date=2019-02-14|archive-date=2019-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215050618/https://www.irobot.com/for-the-home/vacuuming/roomba|url-status=dead))</ref> The Roomba 960 was released on August 4, 2016.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://media.irobot.com/2016-08-04-iRobot-Expands-Connected-Product-Line-with-Roomba-960|title=iRobot Releases Roomba 960 Robot Vacuum ((!)) iRobot|website=iRobot MediaKit|language=en|access-date=2020-03-31))</ref> As of March 29, 2017, 900 series users can receive detailed cleaning maps of their Roomba through the app. The maps show exact areas of clean and dirty spots in the home, allowing the Roomba to know where it needs to spend more time cleaning. However, the maps are not retained between cleaning runs, and each time the Roomba is run, it builds a new map from scratch. [[Push technology|Push notifications]] of when the Roomba is finished cleaning are also a new feature. Integration to [[Amazon.com|Amazon]]'s Echo was also announced, launching in spring 2017.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/03/15/technology/roomba-cleaning-amazon-alexa/index.html|title=Roomba will now tell you what part of your home is dirtiest|last=McFarland|first=Matt|date=2017-03-15|website=CNNMoney|access-date=2017-03-29))</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Model
!Release Date
!Retailer
!Navigation
!Description
|-
|960
|2016
|Various
| rowspan="8" |iAdapt 2.0 with vSLAM<ref name=":2">((Cite web |title=Find Answers ((!)) iRobot |url=https://homesupport.irobot.com/s/article/31056 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=homesupport.irobot.com))</ref>
|Mid-range robot vacuum that is almost identical to the 980 but has a smaller battery and comes with one less virtual wall.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 960 Review |url=https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/irobot-roomba-960 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=PCMAG |language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba 960 vs. 980 — Side-by-Side Comparison |url=https://moderncastle.com/vacuum-cleaner-reviews/roomba-960-vs-980/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Modern Castle |date=16 December 2022 |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|965
|2016
| rowspan="2" |Sold exclusively in Europe.
|European version of the Roomba 960, with the same features and specifications.<ref name=":3">((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 960 and 966 review: A high-end robot vacuum at a reasonable price |url=https://www.expertreviews.co.uk/go/1406462 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Expert Reviews |date=28 February 2023 |language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba 965 Robot Vacuum Cleaner |url=https://www.robot-advance.com/EN/art-irobot-roomba-965-robot-vacuum-cleaner-3664.htm |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=robot-advance.com))</ref>
|-
|966
|2016
|European version of the Roomba 960, with the same features and specifications and different color from 965.<ref name=":3" />
|-
|971
|2017
|Sold exclusively at select retailers, including [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]], and [[Best Buy]] in India.
|Newer version of the Roomba 960, with the same features and specifications.<ref name="irobot.in">((Cite web |title=Robotic Vacuum Cleaner - Floor Mopping Home Robots - iRobot India |url=https://irobot.in/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=iRobot))</ref>
|-
|976
|2018
|Sold exclusively in Europe and India.
|Newer version of the Roomba 966, with the same features and specifications.<ref name="irobot.in"/>
|-
|980
|2015
|North America.
|High-end robot vacuum that uses a camera-based navigation system to map out the home and clean efficiently. It also has Wi-Fi connectivity and a longer battery life than the Roomba 960.<ref>((Cite web |last=Wollerton |first=Megan |title=iRobot Roomba 980 review: You'll pay a premium for this smart but unexceptional vacuum bot |url=https://www.cnet.com/reviews/irobot-roomba-980-review/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=CNET |language=en))</ref>
|-
|981
|2018
|Sold exclusively in Europe.
|European version of the 980.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-06-05 |title=iRobot Roomba 980 vs 981: What's The Difference ((!)) Comparison |url=https://littlerobotshop.com/irobot-roomba-980-vs-981/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=littlerobotshop.com |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|985
|2020
|Sold exclusively at [[Costco]]
|Newer version of the Roomba 980, with the same features and specifications with one less virtual wall.<ref>((Cite web |date=2020-07-19 |title=Roomba 980 vs 985 - These Are the Differences |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-980-vs-985/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref>
|}

=== Eighth generation: i series and e series ===
[[File:IRobot Roomba i7+.jpg|thumb|Image of an iRobot Roomba i7+ on the auto empty dock]]
[[File:Roomba e6 charging.jpg|thumb|e6 model]]

In September 2018, iRobot introduced a new Roomba series with three models: the premium i7 and the more basic e5.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/9/6/17817220/irobot-roomba-i7-robot-vacuum-empties-itself-maps-house|title=iRobot's latest Roomba remembers your home's layout and empties itself|last=Vincent|first=James|date=2018-09-06|website=The Verge|access-date=2018-12-22))</ref> Each of these models also had a "plus" version that featured an automatic dirt disposal station that could be emptied. Similarly to the 900 series, the i7 uses vSLAM navigation. This feature retains the map after the Roomba has run, and uses subsequent runs to improve the map. This lets users select which room for Roomba to clean from the iRobot Home app.

In September 2020, iRobot released the i3, which is a lower-cost robot similar to the i7. The i3 does not use vSLAM navigation but relies on a downward optical encoder and gyroscopes;<ref>((cite web |title=Full Page Reload |url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/home-robots/irobot-roomba-i3 |website=IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News |date=21 September 2020 |language=en))</ref> in addition, it doesn't allow selecting specific rooms, though this capability was added in 2022 with a firmware update in some regions.<ref>((Cite web|title=Roomba® i Series ((!)) iRobot|url=https://www.irobot.com/en/roomba/i-series|access-date=2020-10-23|website=irobot.com|language=en|archive-date=2020-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026122342/https://www.irobot.com/en/roomba/i-series|url-status=dead))</ref> The i7 and i3 are compatible with the Clean Base, a base that empties the Roomba's bin into the Clean Base's internal disposable bag when it docks using a powerful [[vacuum]]. iRobot claims that the base can empty the Roomba's bin up to 30 cleaning cycles.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/vacuum-cleaner-reviews/irobot-roomba-i7-plus-review/|title=iRobot Roomba i7+ review|website=digitaltrends.com|date=26 September 2018|access-date=2019-02-06))</ref> The + in some models indicates that it includes the Clean Base. The basic e5 Roomba replaces the 800 series with an improved battery life of 60 to 90 minutes of run time on hardwood floors using a [[lithium-ion battery]].<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.allhomerobotics.com/roomba-e5-review-worth-the-price-or-waste-of-money/|title=Roomba e5 details|date=7 December 2019))</ref> It navigates in random patterns similar to the 6th generation and older robots.<ref>((cite web |title=Roomba e5 Review - Is This the Best Entry-Level Robot? |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-e5-review/#The_Roomba_e5_Filtration_is_Superb_The_Navigation_is_More_Humorous |website=Smart Robotic Home |date=9 June 2019))</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Model
!Release Date
!Navigation
!Description
|-
|e5
|2018
| rowspan="3" |iAdapt 1.0 with reactive sensor technology
|Budget-friendly option in the Roomba e series, featuring the 3-Stage Cleaning System and the ability to be controlled with the iRobot HOME app.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-02-17 |title=iRobot Roomba e5 review: Superb and affordable |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/home/irobot-roomba-e5-review/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Digital Trends |language=en))</ref>
|-
|e6
|2019
|Identical to the e5 but came with two virtual walls and an extra replacement filter.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba e6 Review |url=https://moderncastle.com/roomba-e6-review/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Modern Castle |date=16 December 2022 |language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Wi-Fi® Connected Roomba® e6 Robot Vacuum |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/wi-fi--connected-roomba-e6-robot-vacuum/E619820.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=irobot.com))</ref>
|-
|e7
|2019
|[[Costco]] exclusive version of the e5
|-
|i1
|2020
| rowspan="5" |iAdapt 2.0
|Identical to the i3 with slightly different appearance and different color schemes. Marketed for specific retailers such as [[Kohl's]] and [[Walmart]]<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=Roomba i1 vs i3 – Is There Even a Difference? |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-i1-vs-i3/ |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba® i1 Robot Vacuum Cleaner ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.co.uk/en_GB/irobot-roomba-i1/I115840.html |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=irobot.co.uk))</ref>
|-
|i1 +
|2020
|i1 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.
|-
|i2
|2022
|Includes all of the features of the i3, but was special made for [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] and [[Amazon Prime Day]] and.<ref>((Cite web |title=Wi-Fi® Connected Roomba® i2 Robot Vacuum ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/wi-fi-connected-roomba-i2-robot-vacuum/I215220.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=irobot.com))</ref>
|-
|i3
|2020
|Features a 3-Stage Cleaning System, the ability to be controlled with the iRobot HOME app or [[Amazon Alexa|Alexa]]/[[Google Assistant]] voice commands, and compatibility with the Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system (sold separately).<ref name=":0">((Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Richard |date=2021-07-28 |title=Roomba i3 vs. i4 Face-to-Face Comparison Review |url=https://robotbox.net/roomba-i3-vs-i4/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=RobotBox.NET |language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite magazine |title=This Lower-Cost Roomba Needs Some Navigation Help |url=https://www.wired.com/review/irobot-roomba-i3-plus/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |magazine=WIRED |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|i3 + 
|2020
|i3 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.
|-
|i3 EVO
|2022
| rowspan="7" |iAdapt 3.0
|Identical robot to the i3 but has upgraded firmware to include Smart Mapping functionality.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba i3+ EVO Full Review - Life on AI |url=https://lifeonai.com/irobot-roomba-i3-review/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=lifeonai.com |language=en-us))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba® i3 Series Robot Vacuums ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-i3-evo-robot-vacuum/I315020.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=irobot.com))</ref> 
|-
|i3 EVO + 
|2022
|i3 EVO robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.
|-
|i4
|2021
|Similar to the i3, but upgrades navigation to iAdapt 3.0 and adds a larger battery for 20% longer runtime. Also includes Imprint® Link Technology which can sync with the [[Braava]] mop to vacuum and mop floors simultaneously. Designated for International markets<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">((Cite web |title=Roomba® i4+ Self-Emptying Robot Vacuum Cleaner ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.co.uk/en_GB/irobot-roomba-i4/I455840.html |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=irobot.co.uk))</ref> 
|-
|i4 +
|2021
|i4 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.<ref name=":4" />
|-
|i5
|2022
|Identical robot as the i4 but includes Imprint® Smart Maps capabilities. Also branded for European markets<ref>((Cite web |last=Allcock |first=Polly |title=Roomba i5 and i5+ robot vacuums with self-emptying dustbin option launch in Europe |url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Roomba-i5-and-i5-robot-vacuums-with-self-emptying-dustbin-option-launch-in-Europe.619914.0.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Notebookcheck |date=16 May 2022 |language=en))</ref>
|-
|i5 +
|2022
|i5 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba® i5+ Self-Emptying Robot Vacuum Cleaner ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.co.uk/en_GB/irobot-roomba-i5/I565840.html |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=irobot.co.uk))</ref> 
|-
|Combo i5
|2023
|i5 robot with mopping capabilities, that comes with a bin just for vacuuming and a bin for both mopping and vacuuming. The i5+ variant includes the self-emptying bin. Only available in Europe.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba Combo® i5+ Robot Vacuum and Mop|url=https://www.irobot.co.uk/en_GB/roomba-combo-i5/I557840.html|access-date=2023-08-19 |website=irobot.co.uk|language=en))</ref>
|-
|i6
|2020
| rowspan="7" |iAdapt 3.0 with vSLAM
|Similar to i7 but without extra side brush and filter.<ref>((Cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Swartzcop |date=2021-03-27 |title=Roomba i6 vs i7 Comparison Review - Is There a Better Option? |url=https://robotbox.net/roomba-i6-vs-i7/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=RobotBox.NET |language=en))</ref>
|-
|i6 +
|2020
|i6 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin, but without extra side brush, filter, and bag.<ref>((Cite web |date=November 16, 2020 |first=Jonathan |last=Chan |title=This Roomba cleans like a pro, but it lacks the value of other models |url=https://reviewed.usatoday.com/robotvacuums/content/irobot-roomba-i6-robot-vacuum-cleaner-review |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Reviewed |language=en))</ref>
|-
|i7
|2018
|Features the ability to map and remember multiple floor plans, customizable cleaning preferences, and the ability to be controlled with the iRobot HOME app or [[Amazon Alexa|Alexa]]/[[Google Assistant]] voice commands voice commands.
|-
|i7 +
|2018
|i7 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba® I7+ Self-Emptying Robot Vacuum Cleaner with Clean Base® ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-vacuuming/robot-vacuum-irobot-roomba-i7-plus/I755020.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=irobot.com))</ref>
|-
|i8
|2019
|Identical to i7 but comes with additional [[HEPA]] filter, virtual barrier device, and higher capacity battery.<ref name=":1">((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba i8+ Review |url=https://www.rtings.com/vacuum/reviews/irobot/roomba-i8-plus |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=RTINGS.com |language=en-US))</ref> Sold exclusively at [[Costco]]. 
|-
|i8+
|2019
|i8 robot with a Clean Base Automatic Dirt Disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin, and comes with additional [[HEPA]] filter, dirtbag, virtual barrier device, and higher capacity battery.<ref name=":1" /> Sold exclusively at [[Costco]]. 
|-
|Combo i8
|2023

|i8 robot with mopping capabilities, that comes with a bin just for vacuuming and a bin for both mopping and vacuuming. The i8+ variant includes the self-emptying bin. Only available in Europe.<ref>((Cite web |title=Roomba Combo® i8+ Robot Vacuum and Mop|url=https://www.irobot.co.uk/en_GB/roomba-combo-i8/I857840.html|access-date=2023-05-14 |website=irobot.co.uk|language=en))</ref>
|-
|r1
|2021
|rowspan="1"|''unknown''
|Roomba mop combo variant that uses two side brushed, two main rollers and a mopping pad at the back of the robot. Has wifi capabilities and can be controlled with the iRobot HOME app. Also has voice assistant capabilities. Only available in Switzerland.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot® Roomba® Combo r1138 |url=https://store.irobot.ch/deutsch/irobot-roomba-combo-r1138.html |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=store.irobot.ch |language=de))</ref><ref>((Cite web |date=2023-02-28 |title=iRobot Roomba Combo r1 |url=https://www.digitec.ch/en/s1/product/irobot-roomba-combo-r1-robot-vacuum-cleaners-13834649?supplier=6445558 |website=digitec.ch))</ref>
|}

=== Ninth generation: s series ===
In late May 2019, iRobot introduced the Roomba s9 and s9+ as the "smartest, most powerful robot vacuum yet.".<ref name="Roomba s Series ((!)) iRobot">((Cite web|url=https://www.irobot.com/roomba/s-series|title=Roomba s Series ((!)) iRobot|website=irobot.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-10))</ref> The S series features a newly designed "D" shape and corner brush for optimized edge cleaning deep into corners and along edges. Other new features include an anti-allergen system that traps 99% of pollen, mold, and [[allergen]]s, 40 times the suction compared to the 600 series, 30% wider rubber brushes, and the most advanced navigation system to date.<ref name="Roomba s Series ((!)) iRobot"/> Similar to the I series, the s9+ comes with the self-emptying Clean Base. The S series also includes linking technology that allows the Roomba to communicate wirelessly with other iRobot products, where the Braava Jet M6 can automatically be set to mop after the s9 has finished vacuuming.

=== Tenth generation: j series ===
The j7 and j7+ models went on sale in September 2021 and debuted Precision Vision: the navigation system that detects and avoids obstacles like power cords and pet waste. The j7 is a direct upgrade to the Roomba i7, with the same overall body design and rated ten times the suction compared to the standard model.<ref>((cite web |title=iRobot Rooma j7 Robot Vacuum (7150) |url=https://store.irobot.com/default//roomba-robot-vacuums/irobot-roomba-j7-robot-vacuum--7150-/j715020.html |website=irobot.com|language=en|access-date=2021-09-11))</ref> iRobot simultaneously removed the i7 from its website.

In September 2022, iRobot announced the Roomba Combo j7+, which is a Roomba j7+ that includes mopping capabilities with a lifting mop. Shipping began on October 4.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-combo-j7plus-robot-vacuum-and-mop/C755020.html|title=Roomba Combo™ j7+ Robot Vacuum and Mop|website=irobot.com|language=en|access-date=2022-09-27))</ref>
On September 11, 2023, iRobot released the Roomba j9+, Combo j9+, and Combo j5. The Roomba j9+ offers 100% more suction compared to other j and i series Roombas. The Roomba Combo j9+ offers an entire new docking station with a water tank refill function added. Both j9+, Combo j9, and Combo j5 received new iRobot OS updates. The Combo j5 started shipping on September 11; however, the Roomba j9+ and Combo j9+ are still pre-orders. Shipping starts on 1 October. 
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Model
!Release Date
!MSRP
!Navigation
!Description
|-
|j6 +
|2023
|$799.99
| rowspan="8" |Precision Vision
|Amazon exclusive version of the j7+<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba j6+ (6550) Self-Emptying Robot Vacuum – Identifies and avoids pet waste & cords, Empties itself for 60 days, Smart Mapping, Compatible with Alexa, Ideal for Pet Hair, Graphite |website=Amazon.com |url=https://www.amazon.com/iRobot-Roomba-Self-Emptying-Robot-Vacuum/dp/B0BTTV2DYQ/ref=sr_1_2?crid=S13CHAEZEYA1&keywords=roomba+j6&qid=1683075267&s=home-garden&sprefix=roomba+j6,garden,94&sr=1-2 |access-date=2023-05-03))</ref>
|-
|Combo j5
|2023
|$599.99/$799.99
|A cheaper choice for a j series Combo Roomba. The Combo j5 has vacuum and mopping function. The j5+ comes with auto empty base. It is the cheapest Roomba yet to have 2 in 1 cleaning option with Precision Navigation technology. Available for the US and other European countries.<ref>((Cite web | title=Roomba Combo™ j5 Robot Vacuum and Mop ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-combo-j5-robot-vacuum-and-mop/J517020.html |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=irobot.com))</ref> 
|-
|j7
|2021
|$599.99
|Featured front facing camera used for navigation as well as to detect and avoid obstacles such as power cords and pet waste.|<ref>((Cite web| title=iRobot Roomba® j7 Series Robot Vacuums ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-j7-robot-vacuum/J715020.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=irobot.com))</ref> 
|-
|j7+
|2021
|$799.99
|Includes all the features of the j7, plus an automatic dirt disposal system that allows the robot to empty its own dustbin.
|-
|j7 Combo +
|2022
|$1099.99
|"2-in-1" variant of the j7. Includes all the features of the j7 as well as a retractable mop on the back of the robot. The j7 Combo + can sense carpet and fully retract the mop to the top of the robot, and redeploy on hard surfaces.<ref>((Cite web |title=iRobot Roomba Combo™ j7+ Robot Vacuum and Mop ((!)) iRobot® ((!)) iRobot |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-combo-j7plus-robot-vacuum-and-mop/C755020.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=irobot.com))</ref> 
|-
|j8 +
|2022
|
|Costco exclusive version of the j7+ with larger battery, extra disposable bags and filters.<ref>((Cite web |date=2023-02-23 |title=iRobot Roomba j8+ (8550) Wi-Fi Connected Self-Emptying Robot Vacuum |url=https://www.costco.com/irobot-roomba-j8%2B-(8550)-wi-fi-connected-self-emptying-robot-vacuum.product.4000062312.html |access-date=2023-02-23 |website=costco.com))</ref><ref>((Cite web |last=Kat |date=2023-01-30 |title=Roomba j7+ vs j8+: Is There Even a Difference? |url=https://smartrobotichome.com/roomba-j7plus-vs-j8plus/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Smart Robotic Home |language=en-US))</ref>
|-
|j9+
|2023
|$899.99
|The Roomba j9+ is an upgrade to the j7. It has twice more suction compared to the j7. Offers Dirt Detect Technology, Precision Navigation an more updated iRobot OS and app function and the robot has new color scheme. Available for the US and other European countries.<ref>((Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=iRobot Roomba j9+ Robot Vacuum ((!)) iRobot® |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-j9plus-robot-vacuum/J955020.html))</ref>
|-
|Combo j9+
|2023
|$1399.99
|Roomba j9+ with mopping capability. Docking station is updated to have water tank refill up to 30 days, auto empty and included more storage for extra parts. SmartScrub is introduced along with all newly updated iRobot OS. Available in the US and other European countries.<ref>((Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=iRobot Roomba Combo j9+ Robot Vacuum and Mop ((!)) iRobot® |url=https://www.irobot.com/en_US/roomba-combo-j9plus-robot-vacuum-and-mop/C975020.html))</ref>
|}

== Programming ==
((See also|iRobot Create))
[[File:Roomba hack Spirograph.jpg|thumb|A hacked Roomba drawing a [[Spirograph]]-like pattern]]

From the earliest models on, Roomba vacuum cleaning robots have been [[Hacking of consumer electronics|hacked]] to extend their functionality. The first adaptations were based on a microcontroller that was directly connected to the motor drivers and sensors.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.roombacommunity.com/internals_jav.html |title=Discussing and Dissecting the Roomba 780 ad Scooba 230 |publisher=Roomba Community |access-date=2012-03-04))</ref> Versions manufactured after October 2005 contain an electronic and software interface that allows hackers to more easily control or modify behavior and remotely monitor its sensors.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.irobot.com/images/consumer/hacker/Roomba_SCI_Spec_Manual.pdf |title=iRobot Roomba Serial Command Interface (SCI) Specification |publisher=Irobot.com |access-date=2013-11-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230831/http://www.irobot.com/images/consumer/hacker/Roomba_SCI_Spec_Manual.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-02 ))</ref> One early application was using the device to map a room.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.ai.sri.com/~gerkey/roomba/index.html|title=Robotic mapping for Roomba|first=Brian|last=Gerkey|work=[[Artificial Intelligence Center]]|publisher=[[SRI International]]|date=2006-03-31|access-date=2013-06-13))</ref> The native code for Roomba is written in a dialect of [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]].<ref>((Cite web|url=https://gigamonkeys.com/book/introduction-why-lisp.html|title=Introduction: Why Lisp?|website=gigamonkeys.com))</ref>

Models with an interface (400 series since October 2007 plus 500 and 700 series) come with a [[Mini-DIN connector]] supporting a serial interface, which is electrically and physically incompatible with standard PC/Mac serial ports and cables. However, third-party adapters are available to access the Roomba's computer via [[Bluetooth]], [[USB]], or [[RS-232]] (PC/Mac serial).<ref>((cite web | url=http://www.roombadevtools.com/products/ | title=Roomba Development Tools | access-date=February 1, 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060711041146/http://www.roombadevtools.com/ | archive-date=2006-07-11))</ref>  Roombas pre-October 2005 upgraded with the OSMO hacker<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.roombadevtools.com/ProductCart/pc/viewCat_P.asp?idCategory=8 |title=OSMO - RoombaDevTools.com |date=2007-01-15 |access-date=2013-11-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070115003040/http://www.roombadevtools.com/ProductCart/pc/viewCat_P.asp?idCategory=8 |archive-date=January 15, 2007 ))</ref> device allow monitoring many sensors and modifying the unit's behavior. The Roomba Open Interface (OI, formerly Roomba Serial Command Interface) allows programmers and roboticists to create their own enhancements.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.irobot.com/filelibrary/pdfs/hrd/create/Create%20Open%20Interface_v2.pdf |title=iRobot Corporation: Roomba Open Interface |publisher=iRobot |date=2006 |access-date=2015-09-07 |archive-date=2015-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218160425/http://www.irobot.com/filelibrary/pdfs/hrd/create/Create%20Open%20Interface_v2.pdf |url-status=dead ))</ref> Several projects are described on Roomba hacking sites.<ref>((cite web | url=http://hackingroomba.com/projects/|publisher=Hackingroomba.com | title=Roomba hacking projects | access-date=February 6, 2013))</ref>

In response to the growing interest of hackers in their product, the company developed the [[iRobot Create]]. In this model the vacuum cleaner motor is replaced by a "cargo bay" for mounting devices like TV cameras, lasers and other robotic parts.  It provides a greatly enhanced 25-pin interface providing both analog and digital bidirectional communication with the hosted device allowing use as the mobile base for completely new robots. Together with a computing platform like a netbook or handheld device with wireless networking, it can be remotely controlled through a network.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.irobot.com/hrd_right_rail/create_rr/create_fam/createFam_rr_projects.html |title=Roomba Robot project |publisher=Irobot.com |access-date=2012-03-04 |archive-date=2016-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107053634/http://www.irobot.com/hrd_right_rail/create_rr/create_fam/createFam_rr_projects.html |url-status=dead ))</ref>

== See also ==
((Portal|Electronics))

* [[Comparison of domestic robots]]
* [[Domestic robot]]
* [[Robotic vacuum cleaner]]
* [[List of vacuum cleaners]]
* [[Indoor positioning system]]
* [[Robotic mapping]]
* [[Robotics suite]]
* [[Scooba (brand)]]
* [[Braava]]

== References ==

((reflist))

== External links ==
((commons category))

* [http://irobot.com/ iRobot.com], manufacturer and retailer of Roomba in the United States
* [https://nautil.us/dont-fear-the-robot-237802/ Don't Fear the Robot] – description of the invention process, with prototype photos

((IRobot))

((Use American English|date=September 2013))

[[Category:2002 robots]]
[[Category:American inventions]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 2002]]
[[Category:Home appliance brands]]
[[Category:IRobot]]
[[Category:Robotic vacuum cleaners]]

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Module:Labelled list hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/e (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Resolve category redirect (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sidebar (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sidebar/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sidebar/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Webarchive (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Webarchive/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

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