Rue Rambuteau is a street in central Paris that connects the neighbourhood of Les Halles, in the 1st arrondissement, to the Marais district in the 4th arrondissement. It fronts the Forum of Les Halles and the north side of Centre Georges Pompidou, and marks the boundary between the 3rd and 4th arrondissements. It occupies a special place in the history of Paris, because it is the first street to pierce the medieval centre, during the reign of Louis Philippe I, a few years before the great work of Baron Haussmann. Rue Rambuteau has a length of 975 metres (3,199 ft) and a width of 13 metres (43 ft).
History
Rambuteau Street was created by order of King Louis Philippe I dated 5 March 1838.
In 1839 the street was given the name of the prefect of the Seine department, Claude Philibert Barthelot, Count Rambuteau.
The new street absorbed the Rue des Ménétriers, between Rue Beaubourg and Rue Saint-Martin;
Rue de la Chanverrerie[a] between Rue Saint-Denis and Rue Mondétour; and the Rue Traînée between Rue Montmartre et Rue du Jour.[citation needed]
The prefect Rambuteau, at the request of residents,[3] decided in 1834 to create a street 13 metres (43 ft) wide, an important dimension for the time. The centre of Paris had hitherto kept its medieval urban fabric composed mainly of narrow streets where traffic was difficult and hygiene was poor.
Taking office in 1833, a year after a major cholera epidemic, Rambuteau decided to implement the hygienist theories of the time by cutting a wide path through the centre of Paris.
A few years later, the prefect Haussmann would apply Rambuteau's principles on a much larger scale in boulevards such as the Boulevard de Sébastopol that crosses the Rue Rambuteau.[4]
Hénard's proposed extension of the Rue Rambuteau running west through the Palais-Royal (lower centre)
In 1904, the visionary urban planner Eugène Hénard presented a project for a new major east–west crossing of Paris.[5]
The east–west artery, the new Avenue du Palais-Royal, would run along the route of the Rue Rambuteau, which would be expanded, through the Palais-Royal and into the Avenue de l'Opéra.[6]
The avenue would pass through arches cut through the wings of the Palais Royal.[7]
It would intersect an expanded north–south Rue de Richelieu in a roundabout, cutting into the west side of the Palais-Royal.[8]
The entire project was discussed for several years, and in 1912 gave rise to great controversy within the Commission of Old Paris.[7]
However, the proposal did not gain official support.[8]
Buildings
In 1853, the building at number 34 was the headquarters of the publishing house of Charles Durand (1804–1863), the poet, singer and patron of goguettes.[9]
Rue Rambuteau is served by the Rambuteau station at the Pompidou Centre and the Les Halles station at the Forum des Halles.
The entrance to the latter station is inserted in the front of a building at number 230.
^The Rue de la Chanverrerie was called "rue de la Chanvrerie" by Victor Hugo in Les Misérables, the high place of L'idylle rue Plumet et l'épopée rue Saint-Denis part IV of his work
