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((Short description|Shipwreck in Western Australia))
((Use Australian English|date=November 2013))
((Use dmy dates|date=November 2013))
((more citations needed|date=December 2019))
{|((Infobox ship begin))
((Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:SSGeorgette.jpg|300px|SS ''Georgette'']]
|Ship caption=SS ''Georgette''
))
((Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=
|Ship flag=
|Ship name= 
|Ship namesake=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder= 
|Ship laid down= 
|Ship launched= 1872
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned= 
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=Sank 1876
|Ship notes=
))
((Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class= 
|Ship tonnage= *((GRT|337))
*((NRT|211))
|Ship length= ((convert|46.2|m|ft|abbr=on))
|Ship beam= ((convert|6.9|m|ft|abbr=on))
|Ship draught= 
|Ship draft= ((convert|3.4|m|ft|abbr=on))
|Ship propulsion=*two engines, 48 [[horsepower]]
*2 masts, [[schooner rig]]
|Ship speed= 
|Ship range= 
|Ship complement= 
|Ship sensors= 
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament= 
|Ship armour= 
|Ship armor= 
|Ship notes=
))
|}

'''SS ''Georgette''''' was a [[steamboat|steamship]] built in 1872. She is best known, especially in Irish-American circles, for the part played in the story of the [[Catalpa rescue|''Catalpa'' rescue]] in April 1876. While the events surrounding her [[shipwreck]]ing eight months later are dramatic and did capture the imagination of the local press, the ship itself had little effect on the coastal trade. Though heralding the way forward in the change from sail to steam on the long Western Australian coast, like its predecessor SS ''Xantho'', &nbsp;''Georgette'' had a short and ill-starred career and sank soon after its arrival there.

== History ==
''Georgette'' was built in 1872 at [[Dumbarton]]. She was a 337-ton iron screw-steamer, 46.2 metres long, 6.9 metres wide and 3.4 metres deep.  Intended as a [[Collier (ship type)|collier]], she had a capacity of 460 tons [[Deadweight tonnage|deadweight]], and her two engines produced 48 [[horsepower]]. She also carried two [[Mast (sailing)|masts]] with a [[schooner rig]].

While still nearly new, ''Georgette'' was sold in [[England]] to [[Western Australia]]n buyers for £14,000. She arrived at [[Fremantle]], Western Australia in September 1873, and was put to work as a coastal trading and passenger service between Fremantle, [[Albany, Western Australia|Albany]] and [[Champion Bay, Western Australia|Champion Bay]]. In October 1873, she was stranded on the [[Murray Reef, Western Australia|Murray Reef]],<ref>((cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199355219 |title=Western Australia. |newspaper=[[The Age]] |issue=7326 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=5 August 1878 |accessdate=27 December 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia))</ref> and had to be sent to [[Adelaide]] for an overhaul. She resumed service in March 1874.

=== ''Catalpa'' incident ===
In April 1876, the [[United States|American]] [[whaling]] [[barque]] ''[[Catalpa rescue|Catalpa]]'' rescued a group of [[Fenian]] [[political prisoner]]s from Fremantle. ''Catalpa'' had dropped [[anchor]] in [[international waters]], and despatched a [[whaleboat]] to shore to collect the escapees. The escape was detected while the escapees were still rowing back to ''Catalpa'', and the ''Georgette'', which was in Fremantle at the time, was sent with a [[water police]] [[Cutter (ship)|cutter]] to intercept them. However the prisoners successfully reached ''Catalpa'' and, having no official orders to board ''Catalpa'', ''Georgette'' and the police cutter withdrew.  The following morning, ''Georgette'' returned and demanded the return of the prisoners.  ''Catalpa'''s captain, George Anthony, denied that he had the prisoners on board, and pointed out that he was in international waters.  ''Georgette'' then fired a warning shot with its 12-pounder (5&nbsp;kg) [[cannon]], but Anthony pointed at his ship's [[Flag of the United States|US flag]] and sailed away.  ''Georgette'' pursued until it was low on fuel, then returned to Fremantle.

=== Loss ===
[[Image:Georgette.jpg|right|thumbnail|Rescue of SS ''Georgette''(('))s passengers and crew (''Illustrated Sydney News'', 3 February 1877)]]

On 29 November 1876, ''Georgette'' left Fremantle on what would be her last voyage.  She was carrying fifty passengers and a cargo of [[jarrah (tree)|jarrah]], and was bound for Adelaide via [[Bunbury, Western Australia|Bunbury]], [[Busselton]] and [[Albany, Western Australia|Albany]]. Shortly after midnight on 1 December, when ''Georgette'' was about midway between [[Cape Naturaliste]] and [[Hamelin Bay, Western Australia|Cape Hamelin]], a leak developed, and the ship's pumps would not work. By 4 a.m., the water was rising so fast that her Captain, John Godfrey, had all the passengers and crew bailing with buckets while he steered for the coast. At 6 p.m. the rising water extinguished the engine's fires, leaving ''Georgette'' drifting still some kilometres from shore. Godfrey then gave the orders to man the lifeboats, but the first lifeboat to be lowered was thrown against the ship's side by a big wave, and snapped in half. Some of the occupants were rescued by a second lifeboat, but twelve people died.

''Georgette'' continued to drift until she drifted into the surf at [[Calgardup Bay, Western Australia|Calgardup Bay]], where she was seen by the [[Bussell family]]'s Aboriginal stockman, [[Sam Isaacs]]. Isaacs travelled to the Bussell homestead to raise the alarm, where [[Alfred Bussell]] gave him some ropes and gear for the rescue. His 16-year-old daughter [[Grace Bussell|Grace]] insisted on accompanying Isaacs on the return trip to the scene on horseback. Meanwhile, ''Georgette'' had grounded and begun to break up. On arriving at the scene, Grace Bussell immediately rode down the cliffs and into the surf, swimming her horse out until it was alongside one of the swamped lifeboats.  With as many people as possible clinging to her and her horse, she returned to shore and landed them. One man was left on the boat, and Isaacs was sent to collect him. Godfrey continued to launch lifeboats, but every one was swamped or capsized in the surf. Bussell and Isaacs continued their rescuing efforts, taking over four hours to land all the passengers. According to an account by a family friend of Isaacs, he returned to the water with his horse several times but Bussell went back to the beach, having been advised to do so by Isaacs because he felt she could not sufficiently control her horse.<ref>((cite web|url=https://mrdhs.com.au/the-isaacs-family/|title=The Isaacs Family|publisher=Margaret River and Districts Historical Society|access-date=5 November 2021)) in ((cite book|title=Margaret River Stories: 1913–2013|publisher=Margaret River and Districts Historical Society|first=Guy|last=Jennings|isbn=9780646575346))</ref>

Grace Bussell's role in the rescue was widely and enthusiastically reported, with newspapers around the world picking up the story. Bussell was touted as "Western Australia's [[Grace Darling]]", and was awarded the [[Royal Humane Society]]'s silver medal. Isaacs received a bronze and was granted ((convert|100|acre)) of land by the Western Australian government, becoming the first Aboriginal person to receive a land grant in Western Australia.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.mediastatements.wa.gov.au/Pages/McGowan/2021/04/New-locality-in-South-West-Yebble-honours-local-Noongar-hero.aspx|title=New locality in South-West 'Yebble' honours local Noongar hero|publisher=Government of Western Australia|date=1 April 2021|access-date=5 November 2021|archive-date=29 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029012047/https://www.mediastatements.wa.gov.au/Pages/McGowan/2021/04/New-locality-in-South-West-Yebble-honours-local-Noongar-hero.aspx|url-status=dead))</ref> Godfrey, on the other hand, received much of the blame for the shipwreck. He was found not guilty on five counts of [[negligence]], but his captain's certificate was still revoked. Godfrey managed to somehow regain his certificate in the two years following the sinking and became captain of the brig ''Laughing Wave.'' He committed suicide before daylight on 3 May 1882, by jumping overboard when the brig was off the North-west Cape.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article65935329|title=COMMERCIAL.|date=1882-06-14|work=Inquirer and Commercial News (Perth, WA : 1855 - 1901)|access-date=2019-02-03|pages=2))</ref>

[[File:SS Georgette memorial, Redgate Beach, Western Australia, February 2021 01.jpg|220px|thumb|The SS Georgette memorial at Redgate Beach]]
''Georgette'''s hull was sold for £40. Today the wreck lies in five metres of water, about 90 metres off Redgate Beach. The site is protected under the ''[[Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976]]''.

One of the survivors of the sinking was future Western Australian premier [[George Leake]].<ref>((Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37593136|title=OLD TIME MEMORIES.|date=1916-02-25|work=Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954)|access-date=2018-12-18|pages=43))</ref>

==References==
((reflist))
((wikisource|The Perth Gazette/21 April 1876|The Perth Gazette, 21 April 1876))
((wikisource|The Perth Gazette/5 December 1876|The Perth Gazette, 5 December 1876))
((wikisource|The Perth Gazette/12 December 1876|The Perth Gazette , 12 December 1876))

==Further reading==
* ((Citation | author1=Henderson, Graeme | author2=Cairns, Lynne | author3=Henderson, Kandy-Jane, 1955- | title=Unfinished voyages : Western Australian shipwrecks | year=1980 | publication-date=1980 | publisher=University of Western Australia Press | isbn=978-0-85564-176-4))
((coord|-34.033|114.99|format=dms|display=title))
((1876 shipwrecks))

((DEFAULTSORT:Georgette))
[[Category:Maritime incidents in December 1876]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks of Western Australia]]
[[Category:Victorian-era merchant ships of Australia]]
[[Category:Victorian-era merchant ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Iron and steel steamships of Australia]]
[[Category:1872 ships]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Acme (1876) (edit)
Caprice (pilot boat) (edit)
Carrier Dove (clipper) (edit)
Frederick (German ship) (edit)
HMS Arab (1874) (edit)
HMS Diamond (1874) (edit)
HMS Dryad (1866) (edit)
HMS Tamar (1863) (edit)
HMS Thunderer (1872) (edit)
HMS Warspite (1807) (edit)
Japanese gunboat Un'yō (edit)
Lammermuir (1864 clipper) (edit)
Nettle (pilot boat) (edit)
SS Anna Paulowna (edit)
SS Bessemer (edit)
SS City of Manchester (1851) (edit)
SS Dunraven (edit)
SS Georgette (edit)
SS Halifax (1872) (edit)
SS Snaefell (1876) (edit)
Surprise (clipper) (edit)
Vigilant (1794 Baltimore schooner) (edit)
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