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((Refimprove|date=April 2020))
((Infobox saint
|honorific_prefix= Saint 
|name= Taurinus  
|birth_date=
|death_date=
|feast_day= August 11 
|venerated_in= [[Roman Catholic Church]]<br>[[Eastern Orthodox Church]]
|image= Saint taurin.jpg
|imagesize= 200px
|caption=
|birth_place= 
|death_place=
|titles= 
|beatified_date=  
|beatified_place=
|beatified_by=
|canonized_date=
|canonized_place=
|canonized_by=
|attributes=
|patronage= 
|major_shrine= [[Évreux]]
|suppressed_date=
|issues= 
))
'''Taurinus of Évreux''' (died ca. 410), also known as '''Taurin''', is venerated as a [[saint]] by the [[Catholic Church]].  His legend states that he was the first [[bishop of Évreux]].  He evangelized the region and died a [[martyr]].

==Legend==
His largely legendary life is known through a manuscript of the 10th century, itself based on a ninth-century text.  The legendary life was written by a [[monk]] named Deodatus, who added details according to the standard passiones of the time, mixing factual information with wonderful stories.<ref name=Herrick>[https://books.google.com/books?id=LDqpRGoPB8UC&dq=Saint+Taurinus&pg=PA53 Herrick, Samantha Kahn. ''Imagining the sacred past : hagiography and power in early Normandy''] Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2007. p. 51 et seq.((ISBN|9780674024434))</ref> The garbling of dates and traditions thus ensures that it is impossible to date the time of Taurinus' episcopacy, although scholars usually place it at the beginning of the fourth or in the middle of the fifth century. 

Taurinus was born in Rome to Tarquinius,  a heathen, and Eustycia (Eusticie, Euticia), a devout Christian. An [[angel]] appeared to Eustycia to announce that her son would have a great destiny.  He was baptized by [[Pope Clement I]]; [[Denis the Areopagite]] (misidentified with [[Saint Denis of Paris|Denis]], first [[bishop of Paris]]), who was considered one of the first disciples of [[Paul of Tarsus|Paul]], was his godfather.<ref name=Herrick/> According to [[Louis Duchesne]] this legend arose about the ninth century, when Abbot [[Hilduin of Saint-Denis]] was intent on proving the identity of Dionysius the Areopagite with Dionysius (Denis), first Bishop of Paris.<ref name=Goyau>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05671a.htm Goyau, Georges. "Evreux." The Catholic Encyclopedia] Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 17 April 2020((PD-notice))</ref> Thus, the legend assured that there was an "apostolic succession" from Paul directly to the episcopate of Évreux.

Taurinus became bishop of Evreux around 385. His legend states that Taurinus faced a [[demon]] at Évreux that took three shapes: that of a [[lion]], a [[bear]] and a [[Wisent|buffalo]].  These metamorphoses either represented various [[deadly sins]], or represented the official [[Religion in ancient Rome|Roman religion]] (lion), the worship of [[Diana (mythology)|Diana]] (bear), and the local agrarian-based religions (the buffalo). According to [[Orderic Vitalis]] in his ''Historia Ecclesiastica'', Taurinus expelled the demon from the local temple of Diana, and when it obeyed his order to break its own idols it was not immediately cast into [[Abyss (religion)|the Pit]], but was instead punished by remaining in the place where it had ruled while seeing the people it had tormented [[Salvation (Christianity)|saved]]. He reported that it was known by the local people as [[Goblin|Gobelinus]], and still haunted Évreux, appearing in various shapes, but hurt no-one.<ref>((cite book|author=Orderic Vitalis|title=The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy|chapter=Book 5, Chapter 7|others=Translated by Thomas Forester|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/ecclesiasticalhi02orde#page/136/mode/2up|page=136))</ref> Taurinus then converted the local pagan temple into a church, dedicating it to the [[Virgin Mary]].  Two priests of the goddess, Cambise and Zara, had attempted to stop Taurinus from entering the temple, but they were immobilized after the bishop made the [[sign of the cross]].  They then asked to be converted to Christianity.

[[Image:Miracle saint taurin.jpg|thumb|160px|Relief depicting Taurinus converting people to Christianity.]]
A number of miracles were associated with Taurinus.  His legend states that he raised a girl, Euphrasia, from the dead after she died in a fire.  After he had done so, there was no trace of burn marks on her.  Taurinus’ miracle led to 120 converts. Taurinus also brought back to life Marinus, the son of the local [[prefect]], who had fallen into a hole and died from the impact.  After a short prayer, Taurinus revived the young man. At once, Marinus requested baptism for himself and his entourage, and 1200 other people.

After Taurinus' death, [[Maximus of Evreux]] was sent by [[Pope Damasus I]] to continue his predecessor's work.

==Veneration==
[[Image:Saint taurin g vincent.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Modern statue of Taurinus.]]
A monastery dedicated to Taurinus was built around the sixth century; it was restored in the tenth century at the instigation of [[Richard I of Normandy]].   

Bishop [[Landulphus]] is credited with having discovered, in answer to fervent prayer, the relics of Taurinus; he built a basilica in the Taurinus's honour.<ref name=Goyau/> Taurinus' [[relics]] were [[translation (relics)|translated]] to various places.  In 892, Bishop Sebarius (Sébar) transferred some of his relics to [[Lezoux]] (Puy-de-Dôme).  Some of this Lezoux group of relics was later carried to the [[Abbey of Cluny]].  In the ninth century, at the time of the invasion of the Normans, the remaining group was transferred to [[Gigny, Jura|Gigny]] ([[Jura (department)|Jura]]),<ref>[https://catholicsaints.info/book-of-saints-taurinus/ Monks of Ramsgate. "Taurinus". ''Book of Saints'', 1921. CatholicSaints.Info. 10 August 2016]((PD-notice))</ref> and their presence there is attested as of the 12th century.  Other relics were deposited in the church of [[Pézy]] before being transferred in 1024 to [[Chartres Cathedral]].

In 1035, the abbey of Saint-Taurin was placed under the jurisdiction of the [[Abbey of Fécamp]], which also claimed the body of Taurinus.  The monks of Saint-Taurin claimed that they owned a part of the saint's relics.  In 1247, Gislebert de Saint-Martin, abbot of Saint-Taurin, had a reliquary (see gallery) built to house the remaining relics.

Taurinus is the patron saint of the Diocese of Evreux.

==Notes==
<references/>

<gallery>
Image:Chasse saint taurin1.jpg
Image:Chasse saint taurin2.jpg
Image:Chasse saint taurin3.jpg
Image:Eglise-st-taurin.jpg|The Church of Saint-Taurin, Évreux
</gallery>

== Sources ==

* ''La Légende de saint Taurin'' - A.M. Baudot - 1929
* ''Les Saints du diocèse d'Évreux'' - Abbé de Bouclon
* ''Histoire du diocèse d'Évreux'' - Chanoine Bonnenfant - Paris - 1933
* ''Histoire et géographie du département de l'Eure'' - Rateau et Pinet - 1870 - Réédition 1988
* ''Connaissance de l'Eure'' - Juillet 1991 - Numéro 81 - pages 26–27 - Jacques Charles
* ''Connaissance de l'Eure'' - 1988 - Jacques Charles

((authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Taurinus))
[[Category:Bishops of Évreux]]
[[Category:Évreux|Saint Taurinus]]
[[Category:410 deaths]]
[[Category:5th-century Gallo-Roman people]]
[[Category:5th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:5th-century Christian martyrs]]
[[Category:Gallo-Roman saints]]
[[Category:Fécamp Abbey]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

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