Salyan District
सल्यान जिल्ला
District
View of the Himalayas from Chhayachhetra
View of the Himalayas from Chhayachhetra
Location of Salyan District (dark yellow) in Karnali
Location of Salyan District (dark yellow) in Karnali
Country Nepal
Admin HQ.Salyan (today part of Shaarda Municipality)
Government
 • TypeCoordination committee
 • BodyDCC, Salyan
Area
 • Total1,462 km2 (564 sq mi)
Population
 (2011[1])
 • Total241,716
 • Density170/km2 (430/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+05:45 (NPT)
Main Language(s)Nepali,english,newari
Websiteddcsalyan.gov.np

Salyan District (Nepali: सल्यान जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Salyan covers an area of 1,462 km2 (564 sq mi) with a population of 213,500 in 2001 and 241,716 in 2011. The district's administrative center is named Salyan or Salyan Khalanga, today it is part of Shaarada Municipality.

The district is known for its Hindu temples including Shiva temples in Chhayachhetra and Laxmipur, and the Devi temple at Khairabang in Shaarada municipality, one of nine in Nepal.

History

Salyan was one of the Baise Rajya, a confederation of 22 petty kingdoms in the Karnali (Ghagra) region. It was ruled by Samala Shahis before unification. [2] About 1760 CE all these kingdoms were annexed by the Shah Dynasty during the unification of Nepal.[citation needed]

Etymology

Salyan derives from the Nepali word sallo which means pine tree or conifer.

Geography and climate

Although Salyan is considered a hilly district, its southwest salient is actually outside the Pahari-inhabited hill region, in the lower Siwalik Hills that are more an extension of the Terai.

The Babai River flows through the southwestern Siwaliks section after draining Dang Valley. A tributary Sharad Khola drains the eastern half of Salyan's hill region—including the district center, then exits these hills by cutting through the Mahabharat Range to its confluence with the Babai. The western half of Salyan's hill region is drained by the Bheri.

Climate zone[3] Elevation range % of area
Upper tropical 300 to 1,000 meters
1,000 to 3,300 ft. 		28.6%
Subtropical 1,000 to 2,000 meters
3,300 to 6,600 ft. 		68.3%
Temperate 2,000 to 3,000 meters
6,400 to 9,800 ft. 		 3.0%

Demographics

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Salyan District had a population of 242,444.

As first language, 99.4% spoke Nepali, 0.3% Magar, 0.1% Newar, 0.1% Urdu and 0.1% other languages.[4]

Ethnicity/caste: 57.1% were Chhetri, 15.1% Magar, 11.8% Kami, 3.5% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 3.5% Thakuri, 3.0% Damai/Dholi, 2.6% Hill Brahmin, 1.8% Sarki, 0.6% Newar, 0.3% Badi, 0.1% Gaine, 0.1% Gurung, 0.1% Kumal, 0.1% Musalman, 0.1% other Terai and 0.1% others.[5]

Religion: 97.7% were Hindu, 1.3% Christian, 0.8% Buddhist, 0.1% Muslim and 0.1% others.[6]

Literacy: 63.9% could read and write, 3.5% could only read and 32.5% could neither read nor write.[7]

Population by census 1971–2021

Administration

The district consists of ten municipalities, out of which three are urban municipalities and sevenare rural municipalities:[10]

Former village development committees

VDCs in Salyan

Prior to the restructuring of the district, Saylan District consisted of the following municipalities and village development committees:

Maps

Besides the United Nations/Nepal map of districts and VDCs shown above, their Map Centre[11] has a downloadable PDF version adding municipalities, roads and water detail:

"Salyan District" (PDF) (Map). Salyan District. Retrieved 6 February 2014.

From 1992 to 2002 a definitive series of large scale topographic maps were surveyed and published through a joint project by Government of Nepal Survey Department[12] and Finland's Ministry for Foreign Affairs contracting through the FinnMap consulting firm.[13] Japan International Cooperation Agency[14] substituted for FinnMap in Lumbini Zone. Topographic sheets at 1:25,000 scale covering 7.5 minutes latitude and longitude map the Terai and Middle Mountains. Less populated high mountain regions are on 15 minute sheets at 1:50,000. JPG scans can be downloaded here:[15] These sheets cover Salyan District:

References

  1. ^ Central Bureau of Statistics, Kathmandu, Nepal, Jan. 2014
  2. ^ Malla, Mohan (1 December 1979). "The Baise and Chaubise Principalities". Regmi Research Series (11): 98 – via pahar.in.
  3. ^ The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system (PDF), Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110., 2005, ISBN 87-7903-210-9, retrieved 22 November 2013
  4. ^ NepalMap Language [1]
  5. ^ NepalMap Caste [2]
  6. ^ NepalMap Religion [3]
  7. ^ NepalMap Literacy [4]
  8. ^ "Districts of Nepal". Statoids. Gwillim Law. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  9. ^ #National Population and Housing Census 2011, Volume 3 (PDF). Kathmandu, Nepal: Government of Nepal, Central Bureau of Statistics. January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  10. ^ "स्थानिय तह" (in Nepali). Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
  11. ^ "Map Centre". United Nations, Nepal Information Platform. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  12. ^ "Government of Nepal, Survey Department". Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  13. ^ "Land Administration & Management, Mapping, Surveying and Aerial Photography, Major Reference Projects" (PDF). FinnMap. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  14. ^ "Japan International Cooperation Agency". Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  15. ^ "Nepal-Topo Maps". PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. MyPublisher. Retrieved 31 January 2014.

External links

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28°22′N 82°10′E / 28.367°N 82.167°E / 28.367; 82.167

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