Sarpol-e Zahab
Persian: سرپل ذهاب
City
Serpêlî Zehaw
Sarpol-e Zahab is located in Iran
Sarpol-e Zahab
Sarpol-e Zahab
Coordinates: 34°27′32″N 45°51′41″E / 34.45889°N 45.86139°E / 34.45889; 45.86139[1]
CountryIran
ProvinceKermanshah
CountySarpol-e Zahab
DistrictCentral
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total45,481
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)

Sarpol-e Zahab (Persian: سرپل ذهاب and Kurdish: سەرپێڵی زەهاو, romanized: Serpêlî Zehaw), also Romanized as Sarpole Zahâb, Sarpol-e Z̄ahāb, Sar-e Pol-e Z̄ahāb, and Sar-ī-Pūl Zūhāb; also known as Pol-e Z̄ahāb, Sarpole-Zahab, Pol-e Z̄ohāb, Sarī-Pūl, and Sarpol,[3] is a city in the Central District of Sarpol-e Zahab County, Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[4] The city is close to Qasr-e Shirin and the Iraqi border.[5] At the 2006 census, its population was 34,632.[6]

At the 2006 National Census, its population was 34,632 in 8,210 households.[7] The following census in 2011 counted 35,809 people in 9,447 households.[8] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 45,481 people in 12,850 households.[2]

Demographics

The city is populated by Kurds.[9]

Sarpol-e Zahab linguistic composition
language percent
Southern Kurdish
 
 65%
Central Kurdish
 
 30%
Gorani
 
 5%

Reliefs

The area of Sar-e Pol-e Zahab has several more or less well preserved reliefs of the Lullubi kingdom, as well as a Parthian relief.

Lullubian reliefs

The most famous of these reliefs is the Anubanini rock relief. Another relief named Sar-e Pol-e Zohab I is about 200 meters away, in a style similar to the Anubanini relief, but this time with a beardless ruler.[10] The attribution to a specific ruler remains uncertain.[10] There are also other Lullubian relief in the same area of Sar-e Pol-e Zahab.[11]

Parthian relief

Another relief is located below the Anubanini relief, lower on the cliff. This relief was created during the Parthian Empire in the name of Gotarzes, possibly Gotarzes I, but more probably the Parthian king Gotarzes II, who ruled from 39 to 51 CE and is known to have made other reliefs, such as the equestrian relief at Behistun.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (18 July 2023). "Sarpol-e Zahab, Sarpol-e Zahab County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05. Archived from the original (Excel) on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. ^ Sarpol-e Zahab can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3078472" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. ^ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Bakhtran province, centered in the city of Bakhtran". Research Center of the System of Laws of the Islamic Council of Farabi Mobile Library (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  5. ^ خسروزاده, علیرضا; نظری, سامر. "سرپل ذهاب پیشنهادی برای جاینام حلوان بر اساس مطالعه ی مدارک نوشتاری". نشریه پژوهش های باستان شناسی ایران. 6 (11): 107–116.
  6. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 20 September 2011.
  7. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  8. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05. Archived from the original (Excel) on 18 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  9. ^ "Language distribution: Kermanshah Province". Iran Atlas. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  10. ^ a b c d e f Osborne, James F. (2014). Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology. SUNY Press. pp. 123–124. ISBN 9781438453255.
  11. ^ Vanden Berghe, Louis. Relief Sculptures de Iran Ancien. pp. 19-21.
  12. ^ Vanden Berghe, Louis. Relief Sculptures de Iran Ancien. p. 45.
  13. ^ Deuren, Greet van (2017). Iran (in Dutch). Gottmer Uitgevers Groep b.v. ISBN 9789025763961.
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