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Taoyuan (pictured above; 2.3 million) is the satellite city of Taipei (7 million). Many of the former's residents work in and commute to the latter.
Taoyuan (pictured above; 2.3 million) is the satellite city of Taipei (7 million). Many of the former's residents work in and commute to the latter.

Satellite cities or satellite towns are smaller municipalities that are adjacent to a principal city which is the core of a metropolitan area.[1][2] They differ from mere suburbs, subdivisions and especially bedroom communities in that they have municipal governments distinct from that of the core metropolis and employment bases sufficient to support their residential populations. Conceptually, satellite cities could be self-sufficient communities outside of their larger metropolitan areas. However, functioning as part of a metropolis, a satellite city experiences cross-commuting (that is, residents commuting out of and employees commuting into the city).

Satellite cities versus other types of settlement

Satellite cities are different from and are sometimes confused with the following related patterns of development.

Suburbs

Satellite cities differ from suburbs in that they have distinct employment bases, commutersheds, and cultural offerings from the central metropolis, as well as an independent municipal government. Satellite cities are not bedroom communities.

Edge cities

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Satellite cities differ from edge cities, which are suburbs with large employment bases and cultural offerings, in that satellite cities must have a true historic downtown, a distinct independent municipal government, existed as a city prior to becoming interconnected with the larger metropolitan core, and are surrounded by a belt of rural land between themselves and the central city.[citation needed]

Conceptually, both satellite cities and some types of edge city could be (and once were) self-sufficient communities outside of their larger metropolitan areas, but have become interconnected due to the suburban expansion of the larger metropolis. However, while edge cities may have their own government and share many characteristics with satellite cities, they are much more physically integrated with the core city and would not exist in anything like their present form if not for the suburban expansion of their larger neighbor. Edge cities are activity nodes within a metro area, not miniature metro areas themselves.

Some satellite cities that are particularly close or well connected to their larger neighbors and/or have their own historic downtown may also qualify as the uptown variety of edge cities, but the terms are not synonymous.

Multi-polar cities

In some cases large metropolitan areas have multiple centers of close to equal importance. These multi-polar cities are often referred to as twin cities. Multi-polar cities differ from satellite cities in such cases :

For example, Fort Worth, Texas is a twin of Dallas, Texas because though Fort Worth is somewhat smaller, it is proportionally close enough and physically integrated enough with Dallas to be considered a twin rather than a satellite. However, Waco, Texas is a satellite town of both cities. Generally speaking, cities that are listed as being part of the same urbanized area should be considered twins, rather than one having a satellite relationship to the other.

Metropolitan areas

Conceptually, satellite cities are miniature metro areas on the fringe of larger ones. Satellite cities are sometimes listed as part of the larger metro area, and sometimes listed as totally independent. In the United States, satellite cities are often (but not always) listed as independent Metropolitan Statistical Areas within a single Combined Statistical Area that is unified with the larger metropolis.

Examples

See also: List of satellite cities by population

Argentina

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Australia

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Bangladesh

Belarus

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Belgium

Brazil

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Cambodia

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Canada

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Croatia

Egypt

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Finland

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India

Sec V Office towers, Kolkata, India.
Sec V Office towers, Kolkata, India.
Hiranandani Meadows Thane, India.
Hiranandani Meadows Thane, India.
Gurugram, one of New Delhi's satellite cities
Gurugram, one of New Delhi's satellite cities
Hitech city, Hyderabad, India.
Hitech city, Hyderabad, India.
Pimpri-Chinchwad, satellite city of Pune, India.
Pimpri-Chinchwad, satellite city of Pune, India.

Indonesia

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Israel

Iran

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Ireland

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Japan

Malaysia

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Mexico

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New Zealand

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Statistics New Zealand defines a satellite urban community as one where 20 percent or more of the resident population's work in a main urban area (30,000 or more). The following towns meet this criterion:[10]

Pakistan

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Poland

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Philippines

Portugal

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Russia

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Serbia

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Singapore

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South Korea

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Switzerland

Taiwan

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Skyline of Banqiao District, New Taipei City
Skyline of Banqiao District, New Taipei City
Skyline of Tamsui District
Skyline of Tamsui District

Turkey

Satellites of İstanbul:

Satellites of Ankara:

Satellite of İzmir:

United Kingdom

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United States

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Vietnam

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See also

General
Planning

References

  1. ^ Goldfield, David (2007). Encyclopedia of American Urban History. ISBN 9780761928843.
  2. ^ Shao, Zisheng (19 August 2015). The New Urban Area Development: A Case Study in China. ISBN 9783662449585.
  3. ^ a b Mahmud, Abu Hayat (26 January 2014). "Rajuk's big projects facing several hurdles". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  4. ^ Chakma, Jagaran (8 February 2021). "Rupayan City Uttara, a model gated community". The Daily Star. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
  5. ^ "Rupayan launches satellite town". The Daily Star. 1 May 2009. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Zagreb County Official Website
  7. ^ "NCR Region of Delhi: Gurgaon, sonepat, Noida, Faridabad & Ghaziabad Shakuntala Parkwork=delhicapital.com". Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
  8. ^ "Maraimalai Nagar". www.cmdachennai.gov.in. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  9. ^ "Telangana State to add 7 new municipal corporations to existing 6". The Hans India. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  10. ^ "New Zealand: An Urban/Rural Profile" (PDF). Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
  11. ^ ""1 journée" à Meyrin, cité satellite". Le Temps (in French). 9 February 2008. ISSN 1423-3967. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
  12. ^ Lane, James B. (1978). City of the Century: A History of Gary, Indiana. Indiana University Press. p. 27. ISBN 0253111870.

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