This is a list of scientific phenomena and concepts named after people (eponymous phenomena). For other lists of eponyms, see eponym.

A

• Abderhalden–Fauser reaction – Emil Abderhalden and August Fauser (1856–1938)
• Abney effect – William de Wiveleslie Abney
• Abrikosov lattice – Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov
• Aharonov–Bohm effect – Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm
• Alfvén wave – Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén
• Alhazen's problem – Alhazen
• Allais effect – Maurice Allais
• Allee effect – Warder Clyde Allee
• Amdahl's law, a.k.a. Amdahl's argument – Gene Amdahl
• Ampère's law – André-Marie Ampère
• Anderson–Higgs mechanism (a.k.a. Higgs mechanism) – Peter Higgs and Philip Warren Anderson
• Anderson–Darling test – Theodore Wilbur Anderson and Donald A. Darling
• Andreev reflection – Alexander F. Andreev
• Apgar score – Virginia Apgar
• Arago spot – Dominique François Jean Arago
• Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction – Aleksandr Erminingeldovich Arbuzov and August Karl Arnold Michaelis
• Archimedean spiral, Archimedes number – Archimedes
• Argand diagram – Jean Robert Argand
• Aristotle's lantern – Aristotle
• Armstrong oscillator – Edwin Armstrong
• Arndt–Eistert synthesis – Fritz Arndt and Bernd Eistert
• Arndt–Schulz law/principle/rule – Rudolf Arndt and Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz
• Arrhenius equation – Svante August Arrhenius
• Ashkin–Teller model (a.k.a. Potts model) – Julius Ashkin and Edward Teller
• Asinger reaction – Friedrich Asinger
• Auger effect (a.k.a. Auger-Meitner effect), electron – Pierre Victor Auger and Lise Meitner
• Autler–Townes effect – Stanley H. Autler and Charles H. Townes
• Auwers synthesis – Karl von Auwers
• Avogadro's law, Avogadro constant, Avogadro number – Count Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e Cerreto

B

• Baeyer–Drewson indigo synthesis – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer and Viggo Drewsen
• Baeyer–Villiger oxidation and Baeyer–Villiger rearrangement – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger
• Babinet's principle – Jacques Babinet
• Babler–Dauben oxidation – James Babler and William Garfield Dauben
• Bagnold number – Ralph Alger Bagnold
• Baily's beads – Francis Baily
• Baker–Nathan effect – John William Baker and Wilfred S. Nathan
• Bakerian mimicry – Herbert G. Baker
• Baldwin effect (astronomy) – Jack Allen Baldwin
• Baldwin effect (Baldwinian evolution, Ontogenic evolution) – James Mark Baldwin
• Baldwin's rules – Jack Edward Baldwin
• Balmer line, series – Johann Jakob Balmer
• Bamberger rearrangement – Eugen Bamberger
• Bamford–Stevens reaction – William Randall Bamford and Thomas Stevens Stevens
• Barkhausen effect – Heinrich Barkhausen
• Barnett effect – Samuel Jackson Barnett
• Barnum effect (a.k.a. Forer effect) – Phineas Taylor Barnum (and Bertram R. Forer)
• Barton reaction – Derek Harold Richard Barton
• Barton–McCombie deoxygenation – Derek Harold Richard Barton and Stuart W. McCombie
• Baskerville effect – the fictional Charles Baskerville of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles
• Batesian mimicry – Henry Walter Bates
• Bauschinger effect – Johann Bauschinger
• Bayes's theorem – Thomas Bayes
• Baylis–Hillman reaction – Anthony B. Baylis and Melville E. D. Hillman
• Bayliss effect – William M. Bayliss
• BCS superconduction theory – John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schrieffer
• Beaufort scale (Beaufort wind force scale) – Francis Beaufort
• Beckmann rearrangement – Ernst Otto Beckmann
• Beer's law (a.k.a. Beer–Lambert law or Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law) – August Beer (and Johann Heinrich Lambert and Pierre Bouguer)
• Beilstein's test – Friedrich Konrad Beilstein
• Bejan number – Adrian Bejan
• Bekenstein bound – Jacob Bekenstein
• Bélády's anomaly – László Bélády
• Bell's inequality – John Stewart Bell
• Bell number – Eric Temple Bell
• Belousov–Zhabotinskii reaction – Boris Pavlovich Belousov and Anatol Markovich Zhabotinskii
• Bénard cell – Henri Bénard
• Bénard–Marangoni cell/convection (a.k.a. Marangoni convection) – Henri Bénard and Carlo Marangoni
• Benedict's test – Stanley Rossiter Benedict
• Benford's law – Frank Albert Benford, Jr.
• Benioff zone – see Wadati–Benioff zone, below
• Bennett pinch – Willard Harrison Bennett
• Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition – Veniamin L. Berezinsky, John M. Kosterlitz, and David J. Thouless
• Bergman cyclization – Robert George Bergman
• Bergmann's rule – Carl Bergmann (anatomist)
• Bergmann–Zervas carbobenzoxy method – Max Bergmann and Leonidas Zervas
• Bernoulli effect, Bernoulli's equation, principle – Daniel Bernoulli
• Berry's phase – Michael V. Berry
• Betz limit – Albert Betz
• Bezold–Brücke shift (a.k.a. von Bezold spreading effect) – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Bezold and Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke
• Biefeld–Brown effect – Paul Alfred Biefeld and Thomas Townsend Brown
• Biginelli reaction – Pietro Biginelli
• Biot number – Jean-Baptiste Biot
• Biot–Savart law – Jean-Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart
• Birch reduction – Arthur John Birch
• Birkeland currents – Kristian Birkeland
• Bischler–Napieralski reaction – August Bischler and Bernard Napieralski
• Black's equation for electromigration – James R. Black (d. 2004) of Motorola
• Blandford–Znajek process – Roger D. Blandford and Roman L. Znajek
• Blasius boundary layer, flow – Paul Richard Heinrich Blasius
• Blazhko effect – Sergey Blazhko
• Bloch electrons – Felix Bloch
• Bloom filter – Burton Howard Bloom
• Bodenstein number – Max Bodenstein
• Bohm sheath criterion – David Bohm
• Bohr effect – Christian Bohr
• Bohr magneton, model, radius – Niels Bohr
• Boltzmann constant – Ludwig Boltzmann
• Bonnor–Ebert mass – William Bowen Bonnor and Rolf Ebert
• Borel algebra, measure, set, space, summation, Borel's lemma, paradox – Émile Borel
• Borel–Cantelli lemma – Émile Borel and Francesco Paolo Cantelli
• Borel–Carathéodory theorem – Émile Borel and Constantin Carathéodory
• Born–Haber cycle – Max Born and Fritz Haber
• Born–Oppenheimer approximation – Max Born and Robert Oppenheimer
• Borodin–Hunsdiecker reaction – Alexander Borodin, Hienz Hunsdiecker, and Clare Hunsdiecker (née Dieckmann)
• Borrmann effect (a.k.a. Borrmann–Campbell effect) – Gerhard Borrman (and Herbert N. Campbell)
• Bortle scale – John E. Bortle
• Bose–Einstein condensate, effect, statistics – Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein
• Boson – Satyendra Nath Bose
• Boyer's law – Carl Benjamin Boyer
• Boyle's law (a.k.a. Boyle–Mariotte law) – Robert Boyle (and Edme Mariotte)
• Brackett line/series – Frederick Sumner Brackett
• Bradford's law (of scattering) – Samuel C. Bradford
• Braess's paradox – Dietrich Braess
• Bragg angle, Bragg's law, Bragg plane – William Henry Bragg and his son William Lawrence Bragg
• Bragg diffraction – William Lawrence Bragg
• Brans–Dicke theory – Carl H. Brans and Robert H. Dicke
• Bravais lattice – Auguste Bravais
• Bravais–Miller indices (a.k.a. Miller–Bravais indices) – Auguste Bravais and William Hallowes Miller
• Brayton cycle – George B. Brayton
• Bredt's rule – Julius Bredt
• Brewster's angle, law – David Brewster
• Brillouin zone – Léon Brillouin
• Brinkman number – Hendrik C. Brinkman
• Brook rearrangement – Adrian Gibbs Brook
• Brooks's law (of software development) – Frederick Phillips Brooks, Jr.
• Brownian motion – Robert Brown
• Bucherer reaction – Hans Theodor Bucherer
• Büchi automata – Julius Richard Büchi
• Buckingham π theorem – Edgar Buckingham
• Burali-Forti paradox – Cesare Burali-Forti
• Bürgi–Dunitz angle – Hans-Beat Bürgi and Jack David Dunitz

C

• Cabannes–Daure effect – Jean Cabannes and Pierre Daure
• Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling, reaction – Paul Cadiot and Wladyslav Chodkiewicz
• Callendar effect – Guy Stewart Callendar
• Callippic cycle – Callippus of Cyzicus
• Calvin cycle (a.k.a. Calvin–Benson cycle) – Melvin Calvin (and Andy Benson)
• Cannizzaro reaction – Stanislao Cannizzaro
• Cardan angles (a.k.a. Tait–Bryan angles) – Gerolamo Cardano
• Carnot cycle, number – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot
• Carpenter effect (a.k.a. Ideomotor effect) – William Benjamin Carpenter
• Cartan–Kähler theorem – Élie Cartan, Erich Kähler
• Casimir effect – Hendrik Casimir
• Catalan's conjecture (a.k.a. Mihăilescu's theorem), Catalan numbers – Eugène Charles Catalan
• Cauchy number (a.k.a. Hooke number)^[1] – Augustin-Louis Cauchy
• Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem – Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Sofia Kovalevskaya
• Cauer filter – Wilhelm Cauer
• Chandler wobble – Seth Carlo Chandler
• Chandrasekhar limit, number – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
• Chang–Refsdal lens – Kyongae Chang and Sjur Refsdal
• Chaplygin gas – Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin
• Charles's law – Jacques Charles
• Chebyshev distance, equation, filter, linkage, polynomials – Pafnuty Chebyshev
• Chebyshev's inequality (a.k.a. Bienaymé–Chebyshev inequality) – Pafnuty Chebyshev (and Irénée-Jules Bienaymé)
• Cherenkov radiation (a.k.a. Cherenkov–Vavilov radiation) – Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov (and Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov)
• Chichibabin reaction – Alexei Yevgenievich Chichibabin
• Christiansen effect – Christian Christiansen
• Christoffel symbol – Elwin Bruno Christoffel
• Christofilos effect – Nicholas Christofilos
• Chugaev elimination/reaction, reagent – Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev
• Chwolson ring or Chwolson–Einstein ring – Orest Khvolson (and Albert Einstein)
• Clairaut's relation, theorem – Alexis Claude Clairaut
• Claisen condensation, rearrangement – Rainer Ludwig Claisen
• Claisen–Schmidt condensation – Rainer Ludwig Claisen and J. Gustav Schmidt
• Clapp oscillator – James K. Clapp
• Clarke orbit – Arthur C. Clarke
• Clemmensen reduction – Erik Christian Clemmensen
• Coanda effect – Henri Coanda
• Coase theorem – Ronald Coase
• Colburn–Chilton analogy (a.k.a. Colburn analogy) – Allan Philip Colburn and Thomas H. Chilton
• Coleman–Liau index – Meri Coleman and T. L. Liau
• Coleman–Mandula theorem – Sidney Coleman and Jeffrey Mandula
• Collatz conjecture (a.k.a. the Ulam conjecture (Stanisław Ulam), Kakutani's problem (Shizuo Kakutani), the Thwaites conjecture (Sir Bryan Thwaites), Hasse's algorithm (Helmut Hasse), the Syracuse problem) – Lothar Collatz
• Colpitts oscillator – Edwin H. Colpitts
• Compton effect, scattering, wavelength – Arthur Compton
• Compton–Getting effect – Arthur Compton and Ivan A. Getting
• Conway base 13 function – John H. Conway
• Coolidge effect – from a joke attributed to John Calvin Coolidge, Jr.
• Cooper pair – Leon Cooper
• Cope elimination, rearrangement – Arthur Clay Cope
• Corey–Fuchs reaction – Elias James Corey and Philip L. Fuchs
• Corey–Kim oxidation – Elias James Corey and Choung Un Kim
• Corey–Winter olefin synthesis – Elias James Corey and Roland Arthur Edwin Winter
• Coriolis effect – Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis
• Cotton effect – Aimé Auguste Cotton
• Cotton–Mouton effect – Aimé Auguste Cotton and Henri Mouton
• Coulomb's law – Charles Augustin de Coulomb
• Coulter counter, principle – Wallace Henry Coulter
• Coxeter–Dynkin diagram – Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter and Eugene Borisovich Dynkin
• Crabtree effect – Herbert Grace Crabtree
• Criegee reaction, rearrangement – Rudolf Criegee
• Curie point – Pierre Curie
• Curry's paradox – Haskell Curry
• Curtin–Hammett principle – David Yarrow Curtin and Louis Plack Hammett
• Curtius rearrangement – Theodor Curtius

D

• Dakin reaction – Henry Drysdale Dakin
• Dakin–West reaction – Henry Drysdale Dakin and Randolph West
• Dalton's law (of partial pressures) – John Dalton
• Damerau–Levenshtein distance – Frederick J. Damerau and Vladimir Levenshtein
• Darboux function – Jean Gaston Darboux
• Darcy's law – Henry Darcy
• Darlington pair – Sidney Darlington
• Darwin drift – Charles Galton Darwin
• Darwin point, Darwinism – Charles Darwin
• Darzens condensation – Auguste Georges Darzens
• Davies–Bouldin index (DBI) – David L. Davies and Donald W. Bouldin
• de Broglie wavelength – Louis de Broglie
• de Bruijn sequences – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn
• de Haas–van Alphen effect – Wander Johannes de Haas and Pieter M. van Alphen
• de Haas–Shubnikov effect – see Shubnikov–de Haas effect, below
• Deborah number – the prophetess Deborah (Bible, Judges 5:5)
• Debye model – Peter Joseph William Debye
• Debye–Falkenhagen effect – Peter Joseph William Debye and Hans Falkenhagen
• Richard Dedekind has many topics named after him; see biography article.
• Delbrück scattering – Max Ludwig Henning Delbrück
• Delépine reaction – Stéphane Marcel Delépine
• Dellinger effect (a.k.a. Mögel–Dellinger effect) – John Howard Dellinger (and Hans Mögel)
• Demjanov rearrangement – Nikolai Jakovlevich Demjanov
• Dermott's law – Stanley Dermott
• Dess–Martin oxidation – Daniel Benjamin Dess and James Cullen Martin
• DeVries solar cycle – See Suess solar cycle, below
• Dice's coefficient – Lee Raymond Dice
• Dieckmann condensation – Walter Dieckmann
• Diels–Alder reaction – Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder
• Diophantine equation – Diophantus of Alexandria
• Dirac comb, fermion, spinor, equation, delta function, measure – Paul Dirac
• Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet has dozens of formulas named after him, see List of things named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
• Divisia index – François Divisia
• Doebner–Miller reaction – Oscar Döbner (Doebner) and Wilhelm von Miller
• Dollo's law – Louis Dollo
• Donnan effect (a.k.a. Gibbs–Donnan effect) – see Gibbs–Donnan effect, below
• Doppler effect (a.k.a. Doppler–Fizeau effect), Doppler profile – Christian Doppler (and Hippolyte Fizeau)
• Downs–Thomson paradox – Anthony Downs and John Michael Thomson
• Drake equation (a.k.a. Sagan equation, Green Bank equation) – Frank Drake (or Carl Sagan or Green Bank, West Virginia, home to the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO))
• Droste effect – Dutch chocolate maker Droste
• Drude model – Paul Drude
• Duff's device – Tom Duff
• Duffing equation, map – Georg Duffing
• Duhamel's integral, and principle – Jean-Marie Constant Duhamel
• Dulong–Petit law – Pierre Louis Dulong and Alexis Thérèse Petit
• Dunitz angle – see Bürgi–Dunitz angle, above
• Dunning–Kruger effect – David Dunning and Justin Kruger
• Dyson–Harrop satellite – Brooks L. Harrop and Freeman Dyson

E

• Early effect – James M. Early
• Eddington limit – Arthur Eddington
• Edgeworth–Bowley box – Francis Ysidro Edgeworth and Arthur Lyon Bowley
• Edison effect – Thomas Edison
• Edman degradation – Pehr Victor Edman
• Edward–Lemieux effect (a.k.a. Anomeric effect) – John Thomas Edward and Raymond U. Lemieux
• Eglinton reaction – Geoffrey Eglinton
• Ehrenfest paradox – Paul Ehrenfest
• Eimer's organ – Gustav Heinrich Theodor Eimer
• Einstein Cross, effect, radius, ring, shift – Albert Einstein
• Einstein–Chwolson ring or Chwolson ring – Albert Einstein and Orest Khvolson
• Einstein–de Haas effect – Albert Einstein and Wander Johannes de Haas
• Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox (a.k.a. EPR paradox, Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm paradox) – Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, Nathan Rosen (and David Bohm)
• Ekman layer – Walfrid Ekman
• Elbs reaction – Karl Elbs
• Elliott–Halberstam conjecture – Peter D. T. A. Elliott and Heini Halberstam
• Elman network – Jeff Elman
• Elsasser number – Walter M. Elsasser
• Engel curve – Ernst Engel
• Engelbart's law – Douglas Engelbart
• Epimenides paradox – Epimenides of Knossos
• Erlenmeyer flask, rule, synthesis – Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer
• Eschenmoser fragmentation – Albert Eschenmoser
• Eschweiler–Clarke reaction – Wilhelm Eschweiler and Hans Thacher Clarke
• Eshelby's inclusion – John D. Eshelby
• Étard reaction – Alexandre Léon Étard
• Ettingshausen effect – Albert von Ettingshausen
• Euler this and that (numerous entries) – Leonhard Euler
• Evershed effect – John Evershed

F

• Faà di Bruno's formula – Francesco Faà di Bruno
• Faraday constant, effect, Faraday's law of induction, Faraday's law of electrolysis – Michael Faraday
• Farnsworth–Hirsch fusor – Philo T. Farnsworth and Robert L. Hirsch
• Favorskii reaction, rearrangement – Alexei Yevgrafovich Favorskii
• Fenton reaction – Henry John Horstman Fenton
• Fermat's principle – Pierre de Fermat
• Fermi energy, paradox, surface, Fermion – Enrico Fermi
• Fermi–Dirac statistics – Enrico Fermi and Paul Dirac
• Ferrel cell – William Ferrel
• Ferrers diagram (a.k.a. Young diagram, Ferrers graph) – Norman Macleod Ferrers
• Feshbach resonance – Herman Feshbach
• Feynman diagram – Richard Feynman
• Finkelstein reaction – Hans Finkelstein
• Fischer esterification, indole synthesis – Emil Hermann Fischer
• Fischer–Hafner reaction – Ernst Otto Fischer and Walter Hafner
• Fischer–Tropsch process – Franz Joseph Emil Fischer and Hans Tropsch
• Fischer–Hepp rearrangement – Otto Philipp Fischer and Eduard Hepp
• Fisher distribution – Ronald A. Fisher
• Fisher equation – Irving Fisher
• Fisher–Widom line – Michael E. Fisher and Benjamin Widom
• Fitts's law – Paul M. Fitts
• Flesch–Kincaid readability test – Rudolf F. Flesch and J. Peter Kincaid
• Fletcher–Munson curves – Harvey Fletcher and Wilden A. Munson
• Flynn effect – Jim Flynn
• Forbush effect – Scott Ellsworth Forbush
• Forer effect (a.k.a. Barnum effect) – Bertram R. Forer (and Phineas Taylor Barnum)
• Foucault pendulum – Jean Bernard Léon Foucault
• Fourier number – Joseph Fourier
• Fourier series – Joseph Fourier
• Fourier–Motzkin elimination – Joseph Fourier and Theodore Motzkin
• Franck–Condon principle – James Franck and Edward Uhler Condon
• Franssen effect – Nico Franssen
• Franz–Keldysh effect – Walter Franz and Leonid V. Keldysh
• Fraunhofer diffraction, lines – Joseph von Fraunhofer
• Freeman law – Ken Freeman
• Frenkel line – Jacov Frenkel
• Fresnel zone – Augustin Fresnel
• Frey effect – Allan H. Frey
• Friedel oscillations – Jacques Friedel
• Friedel–Crafts reaction – Charles Friedel and James Mason Crafts
• Friedländer synthesis – Paul Friedländer
• Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric (a.k.a. Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric, Robertson–Walker metric) – Alexander Friedmann, Georges Lemaître, Howard P. Robertson and Arthur Geoffrey Walker
• Fries and photo-Fries rearrangement – Karl Theophil Fries
• Fritsch–Buttenberg–Wiechell rearrangement – Paul Ernst Moritz Fritsch, Wilhelm Paul Buttenberg, and Heinrich G. Wiechell
• Frobenius algebra, automorphism, method, norm, theorem – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius
• Froude number – William Froude
• Fry readability formula – Edward Fry
• Fujita scale (a.k.a. F-Scale, Fujita–Pearson scale) – Tetsuya Theodore Fujita (and Allen Pearson)
• Fujiwhara effect – Sakuhei Fujiwhara

G

• Gabriel synthesis – Siegmund Gabriel
• Gardner transition – Elizabeth Gardner
• Garman limit – Elspeth Garman
• Gattermann reaction – Ludwig Gattermann
• Gattermann–Koch reaction – Ludwig Gattermann and Julius Arnold Koch
• Gaunt factor (or Kramers–Gaunt factor) – John Arthur Gaunt (and Hendrik Anthony Kramers)
• Gause's principle – Georgii Gause
• Gauss's law – Carl Friedrich Gauss
• Gauss–Bonnet gravity, theorem – Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre Ossian Bonnet
• Geib–Spevack process (a.k.a. Girdler sulfide (GS) process) – Karl-Hermann Geib and Jerome S. Spevack (and the Girdler company, which built the first American plant using the process)
• Geiger counter (a.k.a. Geiger–Müller counter) – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger (and Walther Müller)
• Geiger–Marsden experiment (a.k.a. Rutherford experiment) – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger and Ernest Marsden
• Geiger–Müller tube – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger and Walther Müller
• Geiger–Nuttall law/rule – Johannes Wilhelm (Hans) Geiger and John Mitchell Nuttall
• Geissler tube – Heinrich Geissler
• Gibbs entropy, free energy, paradox, Gibbs's phase rule, Gibbs phenomenon – Josiah Willard Gibbs
• Gibbs–Donnan effect (a.k.a. Donnan effect) – Josiah Willard Gibbs and Frederick G. Donnan
• Gibbs–Marangoni effect (a.k.a. Marangoni effect) – Josiah Willard Gibbs and Carlo Marangoni
• Gibbs–Helmholtz equation – Josiah Willard Gibbs and Hermann von Helmholtz
• Gibbs–Thomson effect – Josiah Willard Gibbs and three Thomsons: James Thomson, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Joseph John "J. J." Thomson
• Giffen good – Robert Giffen
• Gleissberg solar cycle – Wolfgang Gleißberg
• Gloger's rule – Constantin Wilhelm Lambert Gloger
• Goldbach's conjecture – Christian Goldbach
• Goldstone boson (a.k.a. Nambu–Goldstone boson) – see Nambu–Goldstone boson, below
• Gomberg–Bachmann reaction – Moses Gomberg and Werner Emmanuel Bachmann
• Goodhart's law – Charles Goodhart
• Goos–Hänchen effect or shift – Fritz Goos and Hilda Hänchen
• Gould Belt – Benjamin Gould
• Grashof number – Franz Grashof
• Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin cut-off/limit (a.k.a. GZK cutoff/limit) – Kenneth Greisen, Georgiy Zatsepin and Vadim Kuzmin
• Gresham's law – Thomas Gresham
• Griess test (diazotization reaction) – Johann Peter Griess
• Grignard reaction – François Auguste Victor Grignard
• Grob fragmentation – Cyril A. Grob
• Gromov–Witten invariant – Mikhail Gromov and Edward Witten
• Grosch's law – Herbert Reuben John Grosch
• Grotrian diagram – Walter Robert Wilhelm Grotrian
• Grotthuss chain – Christian Johann Dietrich Theodor von Grotthuss
• Grotthuss–Draper law – Christian Johann Dietrich Theodor von Grotthuss and John William Draper
• Gunn diode, effect – John Battiscombe "J. B." Gunn
• Gunning fog index – Robert Gunning
• Gustafson's law, a.k.a. Gustafson–Barsis's law – John L. Gustafson (and Edward H. Barsis)
• Gutenberg–Richter law – Beno Gutenberg and Charles Francis Richter

H

• Haar measure – Alfréd Haar
• Hadamard inequality – Jacques Solomon Hadamard
• Hadamard transform (a.k.a. Hadamard–Rademacher–Walsh transform) – Jacques Hadamard, Hans Rademacher, and Joseph L. Walsh
• Hadley cell – George Hadley
• Hagedorn temperature – Rolf Hagedorn
• Haitz's law – Roland Haitz
• Haldane effect – John Scott Haldane
• Haldane's principle – John Burdon Sanderson Haldane
• Hale solar cycle – George Ellery Hale
• Hall effect – Edwin Hall
• Hamilton's rule – William Donald "Bill" Hamilton
• Hamming code, Hamming distance, Hamming weight – Richard Hamming
• Hammond postulate – George Simms Hammond
• Hanle effect – Wilhelm Hanle
• Hardy notation, space – Godfrey Harold Hardy
• Hardy–Littlewood circle method, first conjecture – Godfrey Harold Hardy and John E. Littlewood
• Hardy–Weinberg principle – Wilhelm Weinberg and Godfrey Harold Hardy
• Harrod–Johnson diagram – Roy F. Harrod and Harry G. Johnson
• Hartley oscillator – Ralph Hartley
• Hartman effect – Thomas E. Hartman
• Hartmann mask (or hat) – Johannes Hartmann
• Hartree energy – Douglas Hartree
• Hasse's algorithm – see Collatz conjecture, above
• Hasse diagram, principle – Helmut Hasse
• Hasse–Minkowski theorem – Helmut Hasse and Hermann Minkowski
• Hausdorff dimension – Felix Hausdorff
• Hawthorne effect – from the Hawthorne Works factory (where experiments were carried out 1924–1932)
• Hayashi track – Chushiro Hayashi
• Hayflick limit – Leonard Hayflick
• Hawking radiation (a.k.a. Bekenstein–Hawking radiation) – Stephen Hawking (and Jacob Bekenstein)
• Heaviside layer – see Kennelly–Heaviside layer
• Hebbian learning – Donald Olding Hebb
• Heine–Borel theorem – Heinrich Eduard Heine and Émile Borel
• Heinlein's razor – see Hanlon's razor, above
• Heisenberg uncertainty principle – Werner Heisenberg
• Hellmann–Feynman theorem – Hans Hellmann and Richard Feynman
• Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz resonance – Hermann von Helmholtz
• Hénon map – Michel Hénon
• Hénon–Heiles system, potential – Michel Hénon and Carl E. Heiles
• Henrietta's law – see Leavitt's law, below
• Henyey track – Louis G. Henyey
• Herbig Ae/Be star – George Herbig
• Herbig–Haro object – George Herbig and Guillermo Haro
• Herbrand base, interpretation, structure, universe, and Herbrand's theorem – Jacques Herbrand
• Hertz effect – Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
• Hertzsprung–Russell diagram – Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell
• Hess afterimage – Carl von Hess
• Hess diagram – R. Hess
• Heusler alloy – Fritz Heusler
• Heyting algebra, arithmetic – Arend Heyting
• Hick's law, a.k.a. Hick–Hyman law – William Edmund Hick and Ray Hyman
• Higgs boson, field – Peter Higgs
• Higgs mechanism – see Anderson–Higgs mechanism, above
• Hilbert–Waring theorem (a.k.a. Waring's problem) – David Hilbert and Edward Waring
• Hill sphere (a.k.a. Roche sphere) – George William Hill (and Édouard Roche)
• Hills cloud – Jack G. Hills
• Hipparchic cycle – Hipparchus of Nicaea (a.k.a. Hipparchus of Rhodes)
• Hirayama family – Kiyotsugu Hirayama
• Hirsch–Meeks fusor – Robert L. Hirsch and Gene A. Meeks
• Hofstadter's butterfly, law – Douglas Hofstadter
• Hopfield network – John J. Hopfield
• Hořava–Lifshitz gravity – Petr Hořava and Evgeny Lifshitz
• Hořava–Witten domain wall – Petr Hořava and Edward Witten
• Hubbert peak – Marion King Hubbert
• Hubble constant, expansion – Edwin Hubble
• Hubble–Reynolds law – Edwin Hubble and John Henry Reynolds
• Huchra's Lens – John Huchra
• Humphreys line/series – Curtis J. Humphreys
• Hund's Rules – Friedrich Hund
• Hunsdiecker reaction – Heinz Hunsdiecker and Cläre Hunsdiecker
• Huygens–Fresnel principle – Christiaan Huygens and Augustin-Jean Fresnel

I

• Imbert–Fedorov effect – Christian Imbert and Fedor Ivanovič Fedorov
• Ishikawa diagram – Kaoru Ishikawa
• Ising model (a.k.a. Lenz–Ising model) – Ernst Ising (and Wilhelm Lenz)

J

• Jaccard index, similarity coefficient, distance – Paul Jaccard
• Jaffe profile (or model) – Walter Jaffe
• Jahn–Teller effect – Hermann Arthur Jahn and Edward Teller
• Jaro–Winkler distance – Matthew A. Jaro and William E. Winkler
• Jarque–Bera test – Carlos M. Jarque and Anil K. Bera
• Jeans's theorem – James Hopwood Jeans
• Johnson–Nyquist noise – John B. Johnson and Harry Nyquist
• Jordan's rule/law – David Starr Jordan
• Josephson constant, effect, junction – Brian David Josephson
• Joule's law (a.k.a. Joule–Lenz law) – James Prescott Joule and Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz
• Joule–Thomson effect (a.k.a. Joule–Kelvin effect) – James Prescott Joule and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin

K

• K3 surface – Ernst Kummer, Erich Kähler, Kunihiko Kodaira
• Kähler differential, manifold, metric – Erich Kähler
• Kakutani's problem – see Collatz conjecture, above
• Kármán vortex street – Theodore von Kármán
• Karnaugh map (a.k.a. Karnaugh–Veitch map, Veitch diagram) – Maurice Karnaugh (and Edward W. Veitch)
• Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions (a.k.a. Kuhn–Tucker conditions) – William Karush, Harold W. Kuhn and Albert W. Tucker
• Kasha's rule – Michael Kasha
• Kater's pendulum – Captain Henry Kater
• Kaye effect – Alan Kaye
• Keeling curve – Charles David Keeling
• Kelvin wave – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
• Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism, instability – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin and Hermann von Helmholtz
• Kelvin–Joule effect (a.k.a. Joule–Thomson effect) – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin and James Prescott Joule
• Kelvin–Voigt material, model – Woldemar Voigt and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
• Kennelly–Heaviside layer – Arthur Edwin Kennelly and Oliver Heaviside
• Kennicutt–Schmidt law (a.k.a. Schmidt–Kennicutt law, or Schmidt law) – Maarten Schmidt and Robert Kennicutt
• Kepler's laws of planetary motion – Johannes Kepler
• Kerr effect – John Kerr
• Kirkendall effect – Ernest Kirkendall
• Kleene star (a.k.a. Kleene operator, Kleene closure) – Stephen Kleene
• Klein–Gordon equation – Oskar Klein and Walter Gordon
• Klein–Nishina effect – Oskar Klein and Yoshio Nishina
• Knudsen cell, number – Martin Hans Christian Knudsen
• Kodaira dimension, embedding theorem, vanishing theorem – Kunihiko Kodaira
• Koenigs–Knorr reaction – Wilhelm Koenigs and Edward Knorr
• Kohn effect – Walter Kohn
• Kohn–Sham equations – Walter Kohn and Lu Jeu Sham
• Kohonen network – Teuvo Kohonen
• Kolakoski sequence – William Kolakoski
• Kolbe electrolysis – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe
• Kolbe–Schmitt reaction – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt
• Kondo effect – Jun Kondo
• Kornblum oxidation – Nathan Kornblum
• Kornblum–DeLaMare rearrangement – Nathan Kornblum and Harold E. DeLaMare
• Kossel effect – Walther Kossel
• Kosterlitz–Thouless transition – see Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, above
• Kozai effect – Yoshihide Kozai
• Krebs cycle – Hans Adolf Krebs
• Kratzer potential – Adolf Kratzer
• Kronecker delta – Leopold Kronecker
• Kuhn–Tucker conditions – see Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, above
• Kuiper belt – Gerard Kuiper
• Kummer's function, Kummer surface – Ernst Kummer
• Kuramoto model – Yoshiki Kuramoto

L

• Lagrangian mechanics, Lagrange points – Joseph-Louis Lagrange
• Lamb shift – Willis Lamb
• Lambert's cosine law (a.k.a. Lambert's emission law) – Johann Heinrich Lambert
• Landau damping, pole – Lev Davidovich Landau
• Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect – Lev Davidovich Landau, Isaak Pomeranchuk, and Arkady Migdal
• Landau–Zener transition – Lev Davidovich Landau and Clarence Zener
• Landé g-factor – Alfred Landé
• Langmuir probe – Irving Langmuir
• Langmuir–Blodgett film – Irving Langmuir and Katharine B. Blodgett
• Laplace vector – see Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector, below
• Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector (a.k.a. LRL vector, Laplace vector, Runge–Lenz vector, Lenz vector) – Pierre-Simon de Laplace, Carl Runge and Wilhelm Lenz
• Larmor frequency, precession, radius – Joseph Larmor
• Larsen effect – Søren Absalon Larsen
• Laspeyres index – Ernst Louis Etienne Laspeyres
• Leavitt's law (a.k.a. Henrietta's law) – Henrietta Swan Leavitt
• Le Chatelier's principle – Henri Louis Le Chatelier
• Lee distance – C. Y. Lee
• Leidenfrost effect, point – Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost
• Lenard effect – Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard
• Lennard-Jones potential – John Lennard-Jones
• Lense–Thirring effect (a.k.a. Thirring effect) – Josef Lense and Hans Thirring
• Lenz vector – see Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector, above
• Lenz's law – Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz
• Leonard–Merritt mass estimator – Peter Leonard and David Merritt
• Levenshtein distance, automaton – Vladimir Levenshtein
• Levi-Civita symbol – Tullio Levi-Civita
• Lewis–Mogridge Position – David Lewis and Martin J. H. Mogridge
• Little–Parks effect – William A. Little [de] and Roland D. Parks
• Littlewood–Offord problem – John E. Littlewood and A. Cyril Offord
• Locard's exchange principle – Edmond Locard
• Lombard effect – Étienne Lombard
• London force – Fritz London
• Lorentz force, transformation – Hendrik Antoon Lorentz
• Lorentz–Lorenz equation – Hendrik Antoon Lorentz and Ludvig Lorenz
• Lorenz attractor – Edward Norton Lorenz
• Lorenz curve – Max O. Lorenz
• Lorenz gauge condition – Ludvig Lorenz
• Lorenz–Mie scattering – see Mie scattering, below
• Loschmidt's paradox – Johann Josef Loschmidt
• Lotka's law – Alfred J. Lotka
• Lotka–Volterra equation – Alfred J. Lotka and Vito Volterra
• Love waves – Augustus Edward Hough Love
• Lucas critique – Robert Lucas, Jr.
• Lyapunov's central limit theorem, equation, exponent, fractal, function, stability, test, time and tube – Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov
• Lyman line, series – Theodore Lyman

M

• Mach band/effect, number, principle – Ernst Mach
• Mach–Zehnder interferometer – Ludwig Mach and Ludwig Zehnder
• Madelung constant, rule, energy – Erwin Madelung
• Maggi–Righi–Leduc effect (Thermal Hall effect) – Gian Antonio Maggi, Augusto Righi and Sylvestre Anatole Leduc
• Magnus effect – Heinrich Gustav Magnus
• Magorrian relation – John Magorrian
• Mahalanobis distance – Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis (প্রশান্ত চন্দ্র মহলানবিস)
• Mahler measure, Mahler's theorem – Kurt Mahler
• Malmquist bias, effect – Karl Gunnar Malmquist
• Malus's law – Étienne-Louis Malus
• Malthusian parameter – named by Ronald Fisher as a criticism of Thomas Robert Malthus
• Malthusian catastrophe, growth model – Thomas Robert Malthus
• Marangoni cell/convection (a.k.a. Bénard–Marangoni convection) – see Bénard–Marangoni cell/convection, above
• Marangoni effect (a.k.a. Gibbs–Marangoni effect) – see Gibbs–Marangoni effect, above
• Markov's inequality, chain, partition, Markovian process – Andrey Markov
• Mathieu functions – Émile Léonard Mathieu
• Matilda effect – Matilda Joslyn Gage
• Matthew effect – Matthew the Evangelist
• Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution – James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann
• McCollough effect – Celeste McCollough
• McCulloch–Pitts neuron – Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts
• McGurk effect (a.k.a. McGurk–MacDonald effect) – Harry McGurk (and John MacDonald)
• Mealy machine – George H. Mealy
• Meissner effect (a.k.a. Meissner–Ochsenfeld effect) – Walther Meissner (and Robert Ochsenfeld)
• Mendelian inheritance – Gregor Mendel
• Mercalli intensity scale (Modified Mercalli scale) – Giuseppe Mercalli
• Metonic cycle – Meton of Athens
• Meyers synthesis – Albert I. Meyers
• Mie scattering (a.k.a. Lorenz–Mie scattering) – Gustav Mie (and Ludvig Lorenz)
• Mihăilescu's theorem (a.k.a. Catalan's conjecture) – Preda Mihăilescu
• Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect – Stanislav Mikheyev, Alexei Smirnov, and Lincoln Wolfenstein
• Miller effect – John Milton Miller
• Miller indices (a.k.a. Miller–Bravais indices) – William Hallowes Miller (and Auguste Bravais)
• Misznay–Schardin effect – Col. Misznay and Hubert Schardin
• Mögel–Dellinger effect – see Dellinger effect, above
• Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho) – Andrija Mohorovičić
• Mohr's circle – Christian Otto Mohr
• Mohr–Coulomb theory – Christian Otto Mohr and Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
• Mooers's law – Calvin Mooers
• Moore machine – Edward Forrest Moore
• Moore's law – Gordon E. Moore
• Morgan unit – Thomas Hunt Morgan
• Moreton wave – Gail E. Moreton
• Morse potential – Philip M. Morse
• Moses effect – after biblical Moses
• Mössbauer effect – Rudolf Mössbauer
• Mott cross section, Mott insulator, Mott transition – Nevill Francis Mott
• Mpemba effect – Erasto B. Mpemba
• Müllerian mimicry – Fritz Müller
• Munroe effect – Charles Edward Munroe
• Muraour's law – Henri Muraour (1880–1954)
• Murphy's law – Maj. Edward A. Murphy, Jr.

N

• Nambu–Goldstone boson (a.k.a. Goldstone boson) – Yoichiro Nambu and Jeffrey Goldstone
• Nash equilibrium – John Forbes Nash
• Nassi–Shneiderman diagram – Isaac Nassi and Ben Shneiderman
• Necker cube – Louis Albert Necker
• Needleman–Wunsch algorithm – Saul B. Needleman and Christian D. Wunsch
• Néel temperature – Louis Néel
• Nernst effect (a.k.a. Nernst–Ettingshausen effect) – Walther Hermann Nernst and Albert von Ettingshausen
• Nernst equation – Walther Hermann Nernst
• Neupert effect – Werner Neupert
• Newcomb's paradox – William Newcomb
• Newton's rings, Newtonian constant of gravitation, mechanics – Isaac Newton
• Noether's theorem – Emmy Noether
• Nordtvedt effect – Kenneth L. Nordtvedt
• Nyquist frequency, Nyquist rate – Harry Nyquist
• Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem (a.k.a. Nyquist–Shannon–Kotelnikov, Whittaker–Shannon–Kotelnikov, Whittaker–Nyquist–Kotelnikov–Shannon, WKS theorem) – Harry Nyquist, Claude Shannon, Edmund Taylor Whittaker, and Vladimir Kotelnikov

O

• Oberth effect – Hermann Oberth
• O'Connell effect – Daniel Joseph Kelly O'Connell
• Olbers's paradox – Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers
• Ohm's law – Georg Ohm
• Okun's law – Arthur Okun
• Omori's law – Fusakichi Omori
• Onnes effect – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
• Oort cloud (a.k.a. Öpik–Oort cloud) – Jan Hendrik Oort (and Ernst Julius Öpik)
• Ostriker–Peebles criterion – Jeremiah P. Ostriker and Jim Peebles
• Ostwald's dilution law, Ostwald process – Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald
• Overhauser effect – Albert Overhauser
• Ovshinsky effect – Stanford R. Ovshinsky

P

• Paal–Knorr synthesis – Carl Paal and Ludwig Knorr
• Pareto chart, distribution, efficiency, index, principle – Vilfredo Federico Damaso Pareto
• Pareto–Zipf law (a.k.a. Zipf–Mandelbrot law) – Vilfredo Pareto and George K. Zipf (or Benoît Mandelbrot)
• Parrondo's games, paradox – Juan Manuel Rodríguez Parrondo
• Paschen curve, line, law – Friedrich Paschen
• Paschen–Back effect – Friedrich Paschen and Ernst Back
• Pasteur effect – Louis Pasteur
• Paternò–Büchi reaction – Emanuele Paternò and George Büchi
• Pauli exclusion principle – Wolfgang Pauli
• Peano curve – Giuseppe Peano
• Pearson–Anson effect – Stephen Oswald Pearson and Horatio Saint George Anson
• Péclet number – Jean Claude Eugène Péclet
• Peltier effect – Jean Charles Athanase Peltier
• Perlin noise – Ken Perlin
• Perron–Frobenius theorem – Oskar Perron, and Ferdinand Georg Frobenius
• Petkau effect – Abram Petkau
• Petri dish – Julius Richard Petri
• Petri net – Carl Adam Petri
• Peyer's patches – Johann Conrad Peyer
• Pfeiffer effect – Paul Pfeiffer
• Pfund line/series – August Herman Pfund
• Phillips curve – William Phillips (economist)
• Pigou effect – Arthur Cecil Pigou
• Piobert's law – Guillaume Piobert (1793–1871)
• Pisot–Vijayaraghavan number – Charles Pisot and Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan
• Planck constant, length, mass, time – Max Planck
• Platonic year – Plato
• Pockels effect – Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels
• Pogson ratio – Norman Robert Pogson
• Poincaré map, section – Henri Poincaré
• Poincaré–Bendixson theorem – Henri Poincaré and Ivar Otto Bendixson
• Poinsot's spirals – Louis Poinsot
• Polchinski's paradox – Joseph Polchinski
• Potts model (a.k.a. Ashkin–Teller model) – Renfrey B. Potts, Julius Ashkin, and Edward Teller
• Pourbaix diagram – Marcel Pourbaix
• Poynting effect, vector – John Henry Poynting
• Poynting–Robertson effect – John Henry Poynting and Howard P. Robertson
• Prandtl number – Ludwig Prandtl
• Primakoff effect – Henry Primakoff
• Proteus phenomenon – Proteus (mythological god)
• Pulfrich effect – Carl P. Pulfrich
• Purkinje effect/shift – Johannes Evangelista Purkinje
• Pygmalion effect (a.k.a. Rosenthal effect, observer-expectancy effect) – Pygmalion (and Robert Rosenthal)
• Pythagorean theorem (a.k.a. Pythagoras's theorem) – Pythagoras

R

• Rabi oscillations – Isidor Isaac Rabi
• Rademacher distribution, function, series, sum – Hans Adolph Rademacher
• Rademacher–Menchov theorem – Hans Adolph Rademacher and Dmitrii Menshov
• Raman scattering – Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
• Ramsauer–Townsend effect (a.k.a. Ramsauer effect, Townsend effect) – Carl Ramsauer and John Sealy Townsend
• Ramsden circle/disc/eyepoint, eyepiece – Jesse Ramsden
• Ramsey theory – Frank Plumpton Ramsey
• Rapoport's rule – Eduardo H. Rapoport
• Raychaudhuri's equation – Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri (অমল কুমার রায়চৌধুরী)
• Raygor Estimate Graph – Alton L. Raygor
• Rayleigh criterion, distribution, fading, number, quotient, scattering, waves – Lord Rayleigh
• Rayleigh–Bénard cell/convection – Lord Rayleigh and Henri Bénard
• Rayleigh–Jeans law – Lord Rayleigh and James Jeans
• Rayleigh–Taylor instability – Lord Rayleigh and G. I. Taylor
• Rees–Sciama effect – Martin Rees and Dennis Sciama
• Reidemeister moves – Kurt Reidemeister
• Résal effect – Louis-Jean Résal
• Rescorla–Wagner rule – Robert A. Rescorla and Allan R. Wagner
• Reynolds number, Reynolds analogy – Osborne Reynolds
• Ribot's law (of Retrograde Amnesia) – Théodule-Armand Ribot
• Ricardian equivalence (a.k.a. Barro–Ricardo equivalence, or Ricardo–de Viti–Barro equivalence) – Robert Barro, David Ricardo, and Antonio de Viti de Marco
• Richards controller – Charles L. Richards
• Richardson's constant, equation, law – Owen Willans Richardson
• Richardson number – Lewis Fry Richardson
• Richter magnitude scale – Charles Francis Richter
• Righi–Leduc effect (a.k.a. Leduc–Righi effect) – Augusto Righi and Sylvestre Anatole Leduc
• Ringelmann effect – Max Ringelmann
• Robertson–Walker metric (a.k.a. Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric) – see Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, above
• Roche limit – Édouard Roche
• Roche sphere (a.k.a. Hill sphere) – Édouard Roche (and George William Hill)
• Rollin film – Bernard V. Rollin
• Rosenthal effect (a.k.a. Pygmalion effect, observer-expectancy effect) – Robert Rosenthal (and Pygmalion)
• Rossby waves – Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby
• Rossi–Forel scale – Michele Stefano Conte de Rossi and François-Alphonse Forel
• Rössler equation – Otto Rössler
• Rossmann fold – Michael Rossmann
• Royer oscillator – George H. Royer
• Ruelle operator, zeta function – David Ruelle
• Ruelle–Perron–Frobenius theorem – David Ruelle, Oskar Perron, and Ferdinand Georg Frobenius
• Ruhmkorff coil – Heinrich D. Ruhmkorff
• Runge–Lenz vector – see Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector
• Runge's phenomenon – Carle David Tolmé Runge
• Russell's paradox – Bertrand Russell
• Rutherford experiment (a.k.a. Geiger–Marsden experiment), scattering – Ernest Rutherford
• Rybczynski theorem – Tadeusz Rybczynski
• Rydberg constant, formula – Johannes Rydberg
• Rydberg–Klein–Rees method – Johannes Rydberg, Oskar Klein, and Albert Lloyd George Rees

S

• Sabatier or Sabattier effect – Sabat[t]ier, first name unknown
• Sachs–Wolfe effect – Rainer K. Sachs and Arthur M. Wolfe
• Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale – Herbert S. Saffir and Robert ("Bob") Simpson
• Sagnac effect – Georges Sagnac
• Saha ionization equation (a.k.a. Saha–Langmuir equation) – Megh Nad Saha (মেঘনাদ সাহা) (and Irving Langmuir)
• Salem number – Raphaël Salem
• Sapir–Whorf hypothesis – Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
• Sasakian manifold, metric – Shigeo Sasaki
• Say's law – Jean-Baptiste Say
• Scheerer's phenomenon (Blue field entoptic phenomenon) – Richard Scheerer
• Schering Bridge – Harald Schering
• Schild plot, regression analysis – Heinz Otto Schild
• Schmidt law, Schmidt–Kennicutt law – see Kennicutt–Schmidt law, above
• Schottky effect – Walter H. Schottky
• Schröter effect – Johann Hieronymus Schröter
• Schülen–Wilson effect – see Wilson effect, below
• Schuler period, tuning – Maximilian Schuler
• Schultz's rule – Adolph Hans Schultz
• Schumann–Runge bands – Victor Schumann and Carle David Tolmé Runge
• Schwabe solar cycle – Samuel Heinrich Schwabe
• Schwarzschild effect, metric, radius – Karl Schwarzschild
• Scott effect – Elizabeth L. Scott
• Secchi (stellar) class, depth, disk – Pietro Angelo Secchi
• Seebeck effect – Thomas Johann Seebeck
• Seiberg–Witten gauge theory – Nathan Seiberg and Edward Witten
• Seiberg–Witten invariant – Nathan Seiberg and Edward Witten
• Senftleben–Beenakker effect – Hermann Senftleben and Jan J. M. Beenakker
• Sertoli cells – Enrico Sertoli
• Serre duality – Jean-Pierre Serre
• Seyfert galaxy – Carl Keenan Seyfert
• Shapiro effect – Irwin Shapiro
• Shimizu–Morioka attractor, equations – Tatsujiro Shimizu and Nozomi Morioka
• Shubnikov–de Haas effect – Wander Johannes de Haas and Lev Vasiljevich Shubnikov
• Sieberg tsunami intensity scale – August Heinrich Sieberg
• Sieberg–Ambraseys tsunami intensity scale – August Heinrich Sieberg and Nicholas Ambraseys
• Simmons–Smith reaction – Howard Ensign Simmons, Jr.
• Simpson's paradox (a.k.a. Yule–Simpson effect) – Edward H. Simpson (and Udny Yule)
• Simroth's organs – Heinrich Rudolf Simroth
• Smale's horseshoe – Stephen Smale
• Smale–Rössler theorem – Stephen Smale and Otto Rössler
• Smith–Waterman algorithm – Temple F. Smith and Michael S. Waterman
• Snell's law – Willebrord van Roijen Snell
• Soloviev tsunami intensity scale – Sergey L. Soloviev
• Sommerfeld–Kossel displacement law – Arnold Sommerfeld and Walther Kossel
• Sørensen similarity index, similarity coefficient – Thorvald Sørensen
• Spörer's law, Spörer Minimum – Gustav Spörer
• St. Elmo's fire – Erasmus of Formiae
• St. Robert's law (a.k.a. Vieille's law) – Comte Paul Ballada de Saint-Robert, a.k.a. Conte Paolo Ballada di San Roberto (1815–1888)
• Staebler–Wronski effect – David L. Staebler and Christopher R. Wronski
• Stark effect (a.k.a. Stark–Lo Surdo effect) – Johannes Stark (and Antonino Lo Surdo)
• Stark ladder (a.k.a. Wannier–Stark ladder, q.v.) – Johannes Stark and Gregory Hugh Wannier
• Stark–Einstein law – Johannes Stark and Albert Einstein
• Stebbins–Whitford effect – Joel Stebbins and Albert Edward Whitford
• Stefan's constant, law (a.k.a. Stefan–Boltzmann constant, law) – Jožef Stefan (and Ludwig Boltzmann)
• Stensen's duct – Niels Stensen
• Stern–Levison parameter – S. Alan Stern and Harold F. Levison
• Stevens effect – Joseph C. and Stanley Smith Stevens
• Stevens's power law – Stanley Smith Stevens
• Stewart's organs – Charles Stewart
• Stewart–Tolman effect – Thomas Dale Stewart and Richard Chace Tolman
• Stigler's law of eponymy – Stephen Stigler
• Stirling number – James Stirling
• Stokes radius – George Gabriel Stokes
• Stokes shift – George Gabriel Stokes
• Stolper–Samuelson theorem – Paul Samuelson and Wolfgang Stolper
• Strömgren age, photometry, sphere – Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren
• Strömgren–Crawford photometry – Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren and David L. Crawford
• Stroop effect – John Ridley Stroop
• Strouhal number – Vincenc Strouhal
• Stueckelberg action – Ernst Carl Gerlach Stueckelberg
• Sturgeon's law – Theodore Sturgeon
• Sturmian trajectories – Charles François Sturm
• Suess effect – Hans Eduard Suess
• Suess solar cycle, DeVries solar cycle, Suess-DeVries solar cycle – Hans Eduard Suess and Hessel de Vries
• Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect – Rashid Sunyaev and Yakov Zel'dovich
• Syracuse problem – see Collatz conjecture, above
• Szilard–Chalmers effect – Leó Szilárd and Thomas A. Chalmers

T

• Tait–Bryan angles (a.k.a. Cardan angles, nautical angles) – Peter Guthrie Tait and George H. Bryan
• Talbot effect – William Henry Fox Talbot
• Tanimoto coefficient, distance, measure, score, similarity – Taffee T. Tanimoto
• Taylor cone – Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
• Taylor-Couette flow – Geoffrey Ingram Taylor and Maurice Marie Alfred Couette
• Teller–Ulam design – Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam
• Thévenin's theorem – Léon Charles Thévenin
• Thirring effect – see Lense–Thirring effect, above
• Thomas precession – Llewellyn Thomas
• Thomas–Fermi approximation, model – Llewellyn Hilleth Thomas and Enrico Fermi
• Thomson cross-section, effect – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
• Thomson structure (a.k.a. Widmanstätten pattern) – William (Guglielmo) Thomson (or Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten)
• Thorndike's laws (of effect, readiness, and exercise) – Edward L. Thorndike
• Thorson's rule – Gunnar Thorson
• Thouless energy – David J. Thouless
• Thwaites conjecture – see Collatz conjecture, above
• Tiedemann's bodies – Friedrich Tiedemann
• Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement – Marc Tiffeneau and Nikolai Demyanov
• Tobin's q – James Tobin
• Tolman effects – Richard Chace Tolman
• Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit – Richard Chace Tolman, J. Robert Oppenheimer, and George Michael Volkoff
• Tonks–Girardeau gas – Lewi Tonks and Marvin D. Girardeau
• Townsend effect (a.k.a. Ramsauer effect, Ramsauer–Townsend effect), ionization coefficient – John Sealy Townsend
• Troxler's effect/fading – Ignaz Paul Vital Troxler
• Tychonoff space – Andrey Nikolayevich Tychonoff
• Tyndall effect/scattering – John Tyndall

U

• Ulam conjecture – see Collatz conjecture
• Ulam's packing conjecture – Stanislaw Ulam
• Unruh effect – William G. Unruh

V

• Vackář oscillator – Jirí Vackář
• Van Allen radiation belt – James Van Allen
• Van de Graaff generator – Dr. Robert Jemison Van de Graaff
• Van der Pol equation, oscillator – Balthasar van der Pol
• Van der Waals force – Johannes Diderik van der Waals
• Van Hove singularity – Léon Van Hove
• Vavilovian mimicry – Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov
• Veblen effect – Thorstein Veblen
• Veitch diagram – see Karnaugh map, above
• Venturi effect – Giovanni Battista Venturi
• Venn diagram – John Venn
• Vieille's law (a.k.a. St. Robert's law, often misspelled as Vielle's law) – Paul Marie Eugène Vieille
• Vierordt's law – Karl von Vierordt
• Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation – Hans Vogel, Gordon Scott Fulcher, and Gustav Tammann
• Vogt–Russell theorem – Heinrich Vogt and Henry Norris Russell
• Voigt effect, notation, profile – Woldemar Voigt
• Voigt material – see Kelvin–Voigt material, above
• Von Klitzing constant – Klaus von Klitzing
• Von Neumann ordinal, von Neumann architecture – John von Neumann
• Von Restorff effect – Hedwig von Restorff
• Von Zeipel theorem – Edvard Hugo von Zeipel

W

• Wadati–Benioff zone (a.k.a. Benioff zone) – Kiyoo Wadati and Hugo Benioff
• Wahlund effect – Sten Gösta William Wahlund
• Wallace's line – Alfred Russel Wallace
• Walras's law – Léon Walras
• Wannier function, orbital – Gregory Wannier
• Wasserman 9-Panel Plot – Karlman Wasserman
• Wannier–Stark ladder (a.k.a. Stark ladder) – Gregory Wannier and Johannes Stark
• Warburg effect – Otto Warburg
• Waring's problem (a.k.a. Hilbert–Waring theorem) – Edward Waring (and David Hilbert)
• Weber–Fechner law (Weber's law, Fechner's law) – Ernst Heinrich Weber and Gustav Theodor Fechner
• Weberian apparatus – Ernst Heinrich Weber
• Weierstrass–Casorati theorem – Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass and Felice Casorati
• Weierstrass's elliptic functions, factorization theorem, function, M-test, preparation theorem – Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass
• Wien bridge – Max Wien
• Weissenberg effect – Karl Weissenberg
• Wess–Zumino–Witten model – Julius Wess, Bruno Zumino and Edward Witten
• Wess–Zumino model – Julius Wess, Bruno Zumino
• Westermarck effect – Edvard Westermarck
• Weston cell – Edward Weston
• Wheatstone bridge – Charles Wheatstone (improved and popularized it; the inventor was Samuel Hunter Christie)
• Whittaker function, integral, model – Edmund Taylor Whittaker
• Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula – Edmund Taylor Whittaker, John Macnaghten Whittaker, Claude Shannon
• Widmanstätten pattern (a.k.a. Thomson structure) – Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten (or William (Guglielmo) Thomson)
• Widom line – Benjamin Widom
• Widrow–Hoff least mean squares filter – Bernard Widrow and Ted Hoff
• Wiedemann–Franz law – Gustav Wiedemann and Rudolf Franz
• Wiegand effect – John R. Wiegand
• Wien bridge (Wien's bridge), constant, effect, law – Wilhelm Wien
• Wiener filter, process – Norbert Wiener
• Wigmore chart – John Henry Wigmore
• Wigner energy, Wigner effect – Eugene Wigner
• Wigner–Seitz cell – Eugene Wigner and Frederick Seitz
• Wilson cycle – John Tuzo Wilson
• Wilson effect – Alexander Wilson
• Wilson–Bappu effect – Olin Chaddock Wilson and Manali Kallat Vainu Bappu
• Witten index – Edward Witten
• Wollaston prism – William Hyde Wollaston
• Woodward–Hoffmann rules – Robert Burns Woodward and Roald Hoffmann
• Wolf effect – Emil Wolf
• Wulf bands – Oliver R. Wulf
• Wulff–Dötz reaction – William Wulff and Karl Heinz Dötz

Y

• Yarkovsky effect – Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky
• YORP effect – Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky, John A. O'Keefe, Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Radzievskii, and Stephen J. Paddack
• Young diagram (a.k.a. Ferrers diagram), Young tableau – Alfred Young
• Young's modulus – Thomas Young
• Yule–Simpson effect (a.k.a. Simpson's paradox) – Edward H. Simpson and Udny Yule

Z

• Zeeman effect – Pieter Zeeman
• Zeigarnik effect – Bluma Zeigarnik
• Zener effect – Clarence Melvin Zener
• Zeno effect – Zeno of Elea
• Zipf's law – George K. Zipf
• Zipf–Mandelbrot law (a.k.a. Pareto–Zipf law) – George K. Zipf and Benoît Mandelbrot (or Vilfredo Pareto)