You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 54.234.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪JJMC89‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 05:36, 2 January 2025.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 05:40, 21 February 2024
- Expiry of block: 05:40, 21 February 2029
Your current IP address is 54.234.187.160. The blocked range is 54.234.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((Short description|Term in organic chemistry used to describe degree of substitution of an atom in a molecule))
((refimprove|date=October 2022))
((this|general bonding patterns|local three-dimensional motifs of proteins and nucleic acids|secondary structure))
'''Secondary''' is a term used in [[organic chemistry]] to classify various types of compounds (e. g. alcohols, alkyl halides, amines) or [[reactive intermediates]] (e. g. alkyl radicals, carbocations). An atom is considered secondary if it has two 'R' Groups attached to it.<ref name=":0" /> An 'R' group is a carbon containing group such as a [[Methyl group|methyl]] (<chem>CH3 </chem>). A secondary compound is most often classified on an [[Alpha and beta carbon|alpha carbon]] (middle carbon) or a nitrogen. The word secondary comes from the root word 'second' which means two. 
{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center" |
|-
| style="border-color:white; background-color:white" |
| colspan="4" style="border-top-color:white; border-left-color:white; border-right-color:white; background-color:white" |<span style="color:red;">'''Red'''</span> highlighted central atoms in various groups of chemical compounds.<br />
''Secondary'' central atoms compared with [[Primary (chemistry)|primary]], [[Tertiary (chemistry)|tertiary]] und [[Quaternary (chemistry)|quaternary]] central atoms.

|-
| style="border-left-color:white; border-top-color:white; background-color:white" |
| style="background-color:#7A91FF" | [[Primary (chemistry)|primary]]
| style="background-color:#AAC1FF" | '''''secondary'''''
| style="background-color:#7A91FF" | [[Tertiary (chemistry)|''tertiary'']]
| style="background-color:#7A91FF" | [[Quaternary (chemistry)|''quaternary'']]
|-
| style="background-color:#CAE1FF" | Carbon atom in an [[alkane]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Prim. Hydrocarbon Structural Formulae V.1.png|80px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#FFFFFF" | [[File:Sec. Hydrocarbon Structural Formulae V.1.png|80px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Tert. Hydrocarbon Structural Formulae V.1.png|80px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Quart. Hydrocarbon Structural Formulae V.1.png|80px|frameless]]
|}


This [[nomenclature]] can be used in many cases and further used to explain relative reactivity. The reactivity of molecules varies with respect to the attached atoms. Thus, a primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary molecule of the same function group will have different reactivities.

== Secondary alcohols ==
Secondary alcohols have the formula RCH(OH)R' where R and R' are organyl.<ref>((Cite web |title=alcohol - Structure and classification of alcohols ((!)) Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/alcohol/Structure-and-classification-of-alcohols |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en))</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|
|Primary
|'''Secondary'''
|Tertiary
|Quarternary
|-
| style="background-color:#CAE1FF" | [[Alcohol (chemistry)|Alcohol]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Prim. Alcohol Structural Formulae V.1.png|90px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#FFFFFF" | [[File:Sec. Alcohol Structural Formulae V.1.png|90px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Tert. Alcohol Structural Formulae V.1.png|90px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | ''does not exist''
|}

== Secondary amines ==
A secondary amine has the formula RR'NH where R and R' are organyl.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|
|Primary
|'''Secondary'''
|Tertiary
|Quaternary
|-
| style="background-color:#CAE1FF" | [[Amine]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Prim. Amine Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#FFFFFF" | [[File:Sec. Amine Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Tert. Amine Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Quarternary ammonium cation Structural Formula V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
|}

== Secondary amides ==
Secondary amides have the formula RC(O)NHR' where R can be H or organyl and R' is organyl.<ref>((Cite web |title=Secondary Amide - an overview ((!)) ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/secondary-amide |access-date=2022-10-24 |website=www.sciencedirect.com))</ref> which is the loss of the single proton bonded to the middle nitrogen.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|
|Primary
|'''Secondary'''
|Tertiary
|Quarternary
|-
| style="background-color:#CAE1FF" | [[Amide]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Prim. Amide Structural Formulae V.1.png|100px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#FFFFFF" | [[File:Sec. Amide Structural Formulae V.1.png|100px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Tert. Amide Structural Formulae V.1.png|100px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | ''does not exist''
|}

== Secondary phosphines ==
Secondary phosphines have two 'R' groups attached to a phosphorus atom and again, a P-H bond.<ref>((Cite journal |last=Nell |first=Bryan P. |last2=Tyler |first2=David R. |date=2014-11-01 |title=Synthesis, reactivity, and coordination chemistry of secondary phosphines |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001085451400188X |journal=Coordination Chemistry Reviews |language=en |volume=279 |pages=23–42 |doi=10.1016/j.ccr.2014.07.002 |issn=0010-8545))</ref> 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|
|Primary
|'''Secondary'''
|Tertiary
|Quarternary
|-
| style="background-color:#CAE1FF" | [[Phosphine]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Prim. Phosphine Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#FFFFFF" | [[File:Sec. Phosphine Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Tert. Phosphine Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
| style="background-color:#BFBFBF" | [[File:Quart. Phosphonium Cation Structural Formulae V.1.png|70px|frameless]]
|}

== Further uses ==
"Secondary" is a general term used in chemistry that can be applied to many molecules, even more than the ones listed here; the principles seen in these examples can be further applied to other functional group containing molecules. The ones shown above are common molecules seen in many organic reactions. By classifying a molecule as secondary it then be compared with a molecule of primary or tertiary nature to determine the relative reactivity.   
== See also ==
* [[Primary (chemistry)]]
* [[Tertiary (chemistry)]]
* [[Quaternary (chemistry)]]

== References ==
((reflist|refs=
<ref name=":0">((Cite web |last=Ashenhurst |first=James |date=2010-06-16 |title=Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary In Organic Chemistry |url=https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/2010/06/16/1-2-3-4/ |access-date=2022-10-06 |website=Master Organic Chemistry |language=en-US))</ref>
))

((Navbox stereochemistry))

[[Category:Chemical nomenclature]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Secondary (chemistry) (edit)
Template:About (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category link (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite journal (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Cl (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox stereochemistry (edit)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Refimprove (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Smallcaps all (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:This (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Module:About (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Format link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:List (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Secondary (chemistry).

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_(chemistry)"