Semionotiformes
Temporal range: Anisian–Maastrichtian
Fossil specimen of Macrosemimimus fegerti
Fossil of Macrosemius
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Clade: Ginglymodi
Clade: Neoginglymodi
Order: †Semionotiformes
Arambourg & Bertini 1958 sensu López-Arbarello 2012
Type genus
†Semionotus
Agassiz, 1843
Families
Synonyms

Macrosemiiformes Grande & Bemis 1998

Semionotiformes is an order of ray-finned fish known from the Middle Triassic (Anisian)[1] to the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian).[2] Their closest living relatives are gars (Lepisosteidae), with both groups belonging to the clade Ginglymodi within the Holostei.[1] The group includes both freshwater (Semionotidae) and marine (Callipurbeckiidae, Macrosemiidae) adapted forms.[3] Many members of the family Macrosemiidae (which are usually included in Semionotiformes but sometimes placed in their own order), had elongated dorsal fins, often associated with an adjacent area of skin which was free of scales. These fins were likely undulated for use in precision swimming. The body morphology of macrosemiids suggests that they were slow swimmers that were capable of maneuvering around complex topography, such as reef environments.[4]

Classification

Timeline of genera

Hadrodus priscus tooth, Menuha Formation (Upper Cretaceous), southern Israel
CenozoicMesozoic EraPaleozoic EraQuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousJurassicTriassicPermianSphathiurusOshuniaParalepidosteusOligopleurusCallopteusHeterostrophusTetragonolepisAustrolepidotusPrionopleurusProlepidotusDapediumSargodonDandyaPristiosomusHemicalypterusCorunegenysPlesiolepidotusLepidotusOrthurusAphelolepisSerrolepisSinosemionotusEnigmatichthysAsialepidotusAllelepidotusAlleiolepisSemionotusEosemionotusPericentrophusArchaeolepidotusParalepidotusAcentrophorusCenozoicMesozoic EraPaleozoic EraQuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousJurassicTriassicPermian

References

  1. ^ a b Romano, Carlo (2021). "A Hiatus Obscures the Early Evolution of Modern Lineages of Bony Fishes". Frontiers in Earth Science. 8: 672. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.618853. ISSN 2296-6463.
  2. ^ Blanco, Alejandro; Szabó, Márton; Blanco-Lapaz, Àngel; Marmi, Josep (January 2017). "Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes from northeastern Iberia". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 465: 278–294. Bibcode:2017PPP...465..278B. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.10.039.
  3. ^ a b Cavin, Lionel; Deesri, Uthumporn; Olive, Sébastien (2020-03-18). "Scheenstia bernissartensis (Actinopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Early Cretaceous of Bernissart, Belgium, with an appraisal of ginglymodian evolutionary history". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (6): 513–527. Bibcode:2020JSPal..18..513C. doi:10.1080/14772019.2019.1634649. ISSN 1477-2019. S2CID 199631685.
  4. ^ Cawley, John J.; Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Villafaña, Jaime A.; López-Romero, Faviel A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (February 2021). "Rise and fall of †Pycnodontiformes: Diversity, competition and extinction of a successful fish clade". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (4): 1769–1796. Bibcode:2021EcoEv..11.1769C. doi:10.1002/ece3.7168. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 7882952. PMID 33614003.
  5. ^ Haaramo, Mikko (2007). "Ginglymodi – gars and relatives". Mikko's Phylogeny Archive. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  6. ^ Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118342336.
  7. ^ van der Laan, Richard (2016). "Family-group names of fossil fishes". ((cite journal)): Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. ^ López-Arbarello, Adriana (2012). "Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Ginglymodian Fishes (Actinopterygii: Neopterygii)". PLOS ONE. 7 (7): e39370. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...739370L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039370. PMC 3394768. PMID 22808031.
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