You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason:

Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis.

The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open Proxy/Webhost: Contact stewards if you are affected. .

Start of block: 10:21, 8 June 2021
Expiry of block: 10:21, 8 June 2024

Your current IP address is 54.159.224.191. The blocked range is 54.159.0.0/16.

Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((short description|Upper house of the Parliament of Bermuda))
((Multiple issues|((essay-like|date=December 2017))
((update|date=December 2017))
((Refimprove|date=October 2018))
))
((Infobox legislature
| name               = Senate of Bermuda 
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = 
| transcription_name = 
| legislature        = 11th Modern Bermudian Parliament 
| coa_pic            = Coat of arms of Bermuda.svg
| coa_res            = 150px
| coa_alt            =
| foundation         = 1 August 1620 (original unicameral house) ((nowrap|2 June 1968 (modern bicameral Parliament)))
| house_type         = Upper House
| body               = Parliament of Bermuda 
| houses             = 
| leader1_type       = [[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|Monarch]]
| leader1            = [[Charles III]]
| party1             = 
| election1          = 
| leader2_type       = [[Governor of Bermuda|Governor]]
| leader2            = [[Rena Lalgie]]
| party2             = 
| election2          = December 2020
| leader3_type       = [[List of Presidents of the Senate of Bermuda|President]]
| leader3            = Joan Dillas-Wright
| party3             = 
| election3          = 2017
| members            = 11 [[Senate|Senators]] 
| house1             = House 
| house2             = 
| structure1         = Senate Bermuda2017.svg
| structure1_res     = 250px
| structure1_alt     = Senate Composition
| structure2         = 
| structure2_res     = 
| structure2_alt     = 
| political_groups1  ='''[[Government of Bermuda|His Majesty's Government]]'''
*((Color box|#008000|border=darkgray)) [[Progressive Labour Party (Bermuda)|Progressive Labour Party]] (5)
'''[[Official Opposition (Bermuda)|His Majesty's Loyal Opposition]]'''
*((Color box|#8B0000|border=darkgray)) [[One Bermuda Alliance]] (3)
*((Color box|#DDDDDD|border=darkgray)) Appointed by Governor (3)
| political_groups2  = 
| committees1        = 
| committees2        = 
| joint_committees   = 
| voting_system1     = 
| voting_system2     = 
| last_election1     = 
| last_election2     = 
| previous_election1 =
| previous_election2 =
| session_room       = Bermuda-Cabinet Office and Senate-1.jpg
| session_res        = 200px
| session_alt        = 
| meeting_place      = The building housing the Senate and the Cabinet Offices.
| website            = <!-- ((URL|www.example.com)) -->
| footnotes          = 
| motto              = 
))
((Politics of Bermuda))
The '''Senate of Bermuda''' is the upper house of the [[Parliament of Bermuda]], the other being the [[House of Assembly of Bermuda|House of Assembly]]. The Senate consists of eleven members appointed by the [[Governor of Bermuda|Governor]] for five-year terms — five Senators are nominated by the [[Premier of Bermuda|Premier]], three by the [[Opposition (parliamentary)|Leader of the Opposition]], and three appointed at the discretion of the Governor. Of the three appointed by the Governor, the Senate elects one to serve as the President, and another to serve as the Vice President.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.gov.bm/legislature|title=The Legislature|last=travis.smith-simons|date=2016-03-03|website=www.gov.bm|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11))</ref>

The Senate serves as a [[Upper house#Parliamentary systems|house of review]] and serves as a road-block to constitutional change — the constitution requires a 2/3 super-majority (i.e., 8 votes) for a constitutional amendment, requiring the support of both the government and opposition appointees.

The presiding officer of the Senate is the President of the Senate. [[Carol Bassett]], who has been a Senator since 2003, was elected President in 2008, the first woman elected to the office.<ref>[http://www.caribbeanelections.com/knowledge/biography/bios/bassett_carol.asp Carol A.M. Bassett]</ref> She resigned the office in August 2017.<ref name="bernews082017">((Cite web |date=2017-08-17 |title=Carol Bassett Retires As Senate President |url=https://bernews.com/2017/08/carol-bassett-retires-as-senate-president/ |access-date=2023-10-22 |website=Bernews))</ref>

==Current members==
The members of the Senate appointed in August 2017 were:<ref name=bernews082017/>

The three Independents were: 
* Joan Dillas-Wright
* James Jardine
* Michelle Simmons

Government/PLP nominees:

* Anthony Richardson
* Jason Hayward
* Kathy Simmons
* Crystal Caesar, and 
* Vance Campbell.

Opposition/OBA nominees were:

* Nandi Outerbridge
* Nicholas Kempe, and 
* Andrew Simons.

==History==
Bermuda's Parliament was created in 1620, and originally had one house, the House of Assembly. Political parties were not legal, and the role now performed by the Senate was originally performed by an appointed council, called the Governor's Council, or Privy Council. The council also performed the role that today belongs to the Cabinet (the Cabinet is composed of Ministers appointed from elected Members of Parliament from the House of Assembly). Historically, the Council, composed of members of Bermuda's wealthy merchant class, had been the true centre of power, rather than the elected House of Assembly, or the Governor despatched from overseas. During periods when the colony was without a Governor, the President of the Council would be Acting Governor. The balance of power began to shift away from the Council in the 19th century, when Bermuda assumed a new importance in Imperial security, and when the Governor became also the Commander-in-Chief of the [[Royal Naval Dockyard, Bermuda|naval establishment]] and [[Bermuda Garrison|military garrison]].

In May, 1888, the Privy Council was split into an [[Executive Council (Commonwealth countries)|Executive Council]], which later became the Cabinet, and a [[Legislative Council]], which became the [[upper house]] of Parliament (equivalent to the [[House of Lords]] in the [[Westminster Parliament]]), both with senior military and civil servants as members, and also with members appointed by the Governor from the House of Assembly. On the split, the President of the old Council, the Chief Justice of Bermuda (Sir Josiah Rees), became the President of the Legislative council.

In 1968, largely as a result of the civil rights movement, a new Constitution was introduced which made a number of changes to Bermuda's parliamentary system, making it more like the Westminster system. Political parties were legalised, and the system of a [[Responsible government]], from which a Premier was appointed and the [[Cabinet (government)|Cabinet]] Ministers were drawn, and a minority opposition was adopted. The [[property qualification]] was abolished and the system of [[Universal suffrage|suffrage]], by which the members of the lower house were elected, and which had historically been limited to male landowners, was finally extended to all adults. The Executive Council was renamed the Cabinet in 1973, and is now formed from Members of the majority party in the House of Assembly. The Legislative Council was renamed the Senate of Bermuda in 1980, and is now composed of five Members recommended by the Premier, three by the Leader of the Opposition, and three by the Governor acting in his own discretion, all appointed by the Governor.<ref>((cite web |url=http://parliament.bm/about/view/3 |title=General Information |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=<!--Not stated--> |website=Bermuda Parliament |publisher=Government of Bermuda |access-date=2021-08-06 |quote=))</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of presidents of the Senate of Bermuda]]

==References==
((reflist))

((Bermuda topics))
((UK legislatures))
((National upper houses))

((DEFAULTSORT:Senate Of Bermuda))
[[Category:Legislatures of British Overseas Territories|Bermuda]]
[[Category:Politics of Bermuda]]
[[Category:Political organisations based in Bermuda]]
[[Category:National upper houses|Bermuda]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Bermuda (edit)
Economy of Bermuda (edit)
Geography of Bermuda (edit)
History of Bermuda (edit)
Index of Bermuda-related articles (edit)
Outline of Bermuda (edit)
Politics of Bermuda (edit)
Senate of Bermuda (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ambox globe (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ambox globe current red (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Bermuda topics (edit)
Template:Bulleted list (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Color box (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Country topics (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Essay-like (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Flatlist (view source) (protected)
Template:Greater color contrast ratio (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:If empty (view source) (protected)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox legislature (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:Legend/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Longitem (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:National upper houses (edit)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Nobold (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Nobold/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Nowrap (view source) (protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Politics of Bermuda (edit)
Template:Politics sidebar below (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Politics sidebar title (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refimprove (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:SUBJECTSPACE formatted (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Small (view source) (protected)
Template:Smallsup (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Territory topics (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:UK legislatures (edit)
Template:Update (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Color contrast (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Color contrast/colors (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:List (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Redirect (view source) (protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Sidebar (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sidebar/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sidebar/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Senate of Bermuda.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_of_Bermuda"