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((Other uses|Shim (disambiguation)))

((short description|Thin piece of material used to fill small gaps or spaces))

[[File:TileSpacer.jpg|thumbnail|Mounting a tile spacer]]((refimprove|date=September 2009))

A '''shim''' is a thin and often tapered or [[wedge (geometry)|wedge]]d piece of material, used to fill small gaps or spaces between objects.<ref>Definition in Merriam-Webster Dictionary: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shim</ref> Shims are typically used in order to support, adjust for better fit, or provide a level surface. Shims may also be used as spacers to fill gaps between parts subject to wear.

== Materials ==
[[File:Metal shims.jpg|alt=Pre-cut metal shims|thumb|Pre-cut metal shims, all with a thickness of 1.00 millimeters.]]
Many materials make suitable '''shim stock''' (also often styled '''shimstock'''), or base material, depending on the context: wood, stone, plastic, metal, or even paper (e.g., when used under a table leg to level the table surface). High quality shim stock can be bought commercially, for example as [[laminated]] shims, but shims are often created [[ad hoc]] from whatever material is immediately available.

Laminated shim stock is stacked [[foil (metal)|foil]] that can be peeled off one layer at a time to adjust the thickness of the shim.

== Applications ==

In [[automobile]]s, shims are commonly used to adjust the clearance or space between two parts. For example, shims are inserted into or under bucket [[tappet]]s to control [[valve]] clearances. Clearance is adjusted by changing the thickness of the shim. 

In assembly and weld [[Fixture_(tool)|fixtures]] precision metal shims are used between two parts so that the final production parts are created within the product drawing's specified [[Tolerance_(engineering)|tolerances]]. <ref>Designing for Tolerance Variations in Product Parts. [https://www.shimstock.co.za/blogs/shim-and-metal-news/50451779-fabrication-and-processing-of-austenitics-stainless-steel Shim Stock Metals FABRICATION AND PROCESSING OF AUSTENITICS STAINLESS STEEL]</ref>

On [[machinery]] installations ([[pumps]], [[motor]]s, etc.) the recommended practice requires shims under every equipment support foot. This guarantees a flexibility for adjustments, like a slight raising or lowering of a motor, when parts of the machinery need to be replaced.<ref>API RP 686, Recommended Practice for Machinery Installation and Installation Design</ref>

In [[carpentry]], small pieces of wood may be used to align gaps between larger [[timber]]s.

In [[masonry]], small stones may be used to align or fill gaps between larger bricks or slabs.

In [[luthiery]], a thin strip of various materials (most often steel or wood) can be used beneath the [[Nut (string instrument)|nut]] or the [[Bridge (instrument)|saddle]] of a [[stringed instrument]] (such as a [[guitar]], [[mandolin]], [[ukulele]] or [[banjo]]) to raise the height of either.
On guitars with a bolt-on or screwed-on [[Neck (music)|neck]], the angle of the neck can be adjusted by shimming. On some models a strip of [[sanding paper]] was routinely inserted during final adjustment at the factory. Guitarists have often used strips cut from [[business card]]s, [[ISO/IEC 7810#ID-1|credit cards]] or [[plectrum|pick]]s as shim material, while luthiery supply stores have started to sell specialized [[hardwood]] precision wedges for that purpose.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.stewmac.com/SiteSearch/?search=shim|title = - StewMac))</ref>

On [[printed circuit boards]], special [[CPU shim|CPU shims]] are used to protect the [[central processing unit]] when installing a [[heat sink]].

In [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy]], "''[[Shim (magnetism)|shimming]]'' an NMR magnet" is a procedure to generate homogeneous magnetic field along the sample volume to obtain pure Lorentzian line shapes of various resonances in the spectrum. This is accomplished by manual shimming of individual shims, or automatic shimming procedure. <ref>"Shimming an NMR Magnet", http://gtfg4.chem.upenn.edu/nmrsite/nmrdw/pdf%20files/Shimming.pdf</ref>

==References==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
*Byrnes, Joe. "To the Point; A Brief History of the Shim." American Fencing Summer 2006: 16.


[[Category:Hardware (mechanical)]]

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