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((More citations needed|date=June 2008))
((Infobox Lunar mare
|name        = Sinus Iridum
|image       = Wac sinus iridum300m.png
|caption     = Annotated Sinus Iridum by [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter|LRO]]
|coordinates = ((coord|45.01|N|31.67|W|globe:moon_type:landmark|display=inline,title))
|diameter    = 249 km
|eponym      = Bay of Rainbows
))
[[Image:Imbrium map.png|thumb|right|Detail map of Imbrium's features. Sinus Iridum is the feature marked "A".]]

'''Sinus Iridum''' ((IPAc-en|'|s|aɪ|n|ə|s|_|'|ɪr|ᵻ|d|ə|m)) ([[Latin]] ''sinus īridum'' "Bay of Rainbows")<ref name=gpn/> is a plain of [[basalt]]ic [[lava]] that forms a northwestern extension to the [[Mare Imbrium]] on Earth's [[moon]]. It is surrounded from the northeast to the southwest by the [[Montes Jura]] range. The protruding part of the range at the southwest end is named [[Promontorium Heraclides]], while that at the northeast end is called [[Promontorium Laplace]]. This bay and the surrounding mountains is considered one of the most beautiful features on the Moon, and is a favorite among lunar observers.

Sinus Iridum is formed from the remains of a large impact crater, which was subsequently flooded with basaltic lava, inundating the "sea" wall. The bay itself does not contain any notable impact craters, but does include the satellite crater Heraclides E in the south, Laplace A along the eastern edge, and Bianchini G in the north. The surface is level, but is marked by a number of [[wrinkle ridge]]s (dorsa).

Sinus Iridum is one of the largest craters of Upper (Late) [[Imbrian]] age.<ref>[https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1348 The geologic history of the Moon].  [[USGS]] Professional Paper 1348. By [[Don Wilhelms|Don E. Wilhelms]], John F. McCauley, and Newell J. Trask.  U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington: 1987.  Table 11.2.</ref>

The [[selenographic coordinates]] of the bay's center are 45.01° N, 31.67° W, and the diameter is 249&nbsp;km.<ref name=gpn>((cite web | url = http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5565 | title = Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature - Sinus Iridum | accessdate = 2018-01-30 | date = 18 October 2010 | work = United States Geological Survey | publisher = International Astronomical Union (IAU) ))</ref> It was the planned landing site of [[Chang'e 3]], China's 2013 lunar exploration mission, which instead landed nearby in [[Mare Imbrium]].

When 10 to 11 days after [[new moon]] the Sinus Iridum is still in shadow, the Montes Jura can already be visible at the [[Terminator_(solar)#Lunar_terminator|lunar terminator]]. This geometry is also called [[Golden Handle]].

==Satellite craters==
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Promontorium Heraclides.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Heraclides 
! Latitude
! Longitude
! Diameter
|-
| A
| 40.9° N
| 34.2° W
| 6&nbsp;km
|- 
| E
| 42.9° N
| 32.7° W
| 4&nbsp;km
|- 
| F
| 38.5° N
| 33.7° W
| 3&nbsp;km
|}

The following satellite craters are associated with the Promontorium Laplace.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Laplace 
! Latitude
! Longitude
! Diameter
|- 
| A
| 43.7° N
| 26.8° W
| 9&nbsp;km
|- 
| B
| 51.3° N
| 19.8° W
| 5&nbsp;km
|- 
| D
| 47.3° N
| 25.5° W
| 11&nbsp;km
|-
| E
| 50.3° N
| 19.8° W
| 6&nbsp;km
|- 
| F
| 45.6° N
| 19.8° W
| 6&nbsp;km
|- 
| L
| 51.7° N
| 21.0° W
| 7&nbsp;km
|- 
| M
| 52.2° N
| 19.9° W
| 6&nbsp;km
|}

==See also==
*[[Volcanism on the Moon]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
((Commonscat))
* ((cite web | last = Wood| first =Chuck | date = 2006-08-20 | url = http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/August_20,_2006 | title = Out the Porthole | publisher = Lunar Photo of the Day | accessdate = 2016-09-18 )), excellent earth-based image of Sinus Iridum and vicinity
*((Cite APOD |date=8 February 2008|title=The Bay of Rainbows))
* [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/412 On the Shore of the Bay of Rainbows] - [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]] page with images
* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/136797589@N04/38160736226/ High resolution video] by Seán Doran of an overflight of Sinus Iridum, based on LRO data; [https://www.flickr.com/photos/136797589@N04/24424760968/ this video] also passes over Sinus Iridum about halfway through (see [https://www.flickr.com/photos/136797589@N04/albums/72157686992929766/with/35498090194/ album] for more)

((Lunar maria))

((DEFAULTSORT:Iridum, Sinus))
[[Category:Maria on the Moon]]
[[Category:Mare Imbrium]]

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