Sir James Douglas
Born1703
Died2 November 1787
Allegiance Kingdom of Great Britain
Service/branch Royal Navy
RankAdmiral of the White
Commands heldHMS Mermaid
HMS Vigilante
Newfoundland Station
Leeward Islands Station
Jamaica Station
Portsmouth Station
Battles/warsSeven Years' War

Admiral Sir James Douglas, 1st Baronet (1703 – 2 November 1787) was a Scottish naval officer and Commodore of Newfoundland.

Naval career

Douglas became a captain in the Royal Navy in 1744.[1] In 1745 he commanded HMS Mermaid at Louisbourg and in 1746 he commanded HMS Vigilante at Louisbourg.[1] In 1746 he was appointed Commodore, Newfoundland Station, by Vice-Admiral Isaac Townsend.[1][notes 1] He then served as a Member of Parliament for Orkney & Shetland from 1754 to 1768.[2]

In 1757 Douglas served as a member of the court-martial which tried and convicted Admiral Byng[2] and in 1759 he was knighted for his participation in the capture of Québec.[1]

A view of the British invasion of Dominica, 6 June 1761, as drawn by Archibald Campbell, Royal Engineers.

He became commander-in-chief of the Leeward Islands Station[3] and was commander of the squadron which captured Dominica in 1761.[2] He served in the fleet under George Rodney which captured Martinique in February 1762[2] and then served in the fleet under George Pocock which captured Havana in August 1762.[2] He became Commander-in-Chief, Jamaica Station, later in the year.[4]

Promoted to vice-admiral in 1770, he became Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth, in 1774 and was then promoted to admiral in 1778. In 1786 he was made a Baronet, of Maxwell, Roxburgh Baronetcy.[1]

Family

Douglas was the son of George Douglas, 7th laird of Friarshaw, Roxburghshire, and Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Patrick Scott, baronet, of Ancrum, also of Roxburghshire.[5] This Douglas line descended from the Douglas of Cavers branch of the family, and were lawyers and merchants. They took the title Douglas of Friarshaw from the original seat of the family in the parish of Lilliesleaf.

Douglas was twice married: first in 1753 to Helen (d. 1766), daughter of Thomas Brisbane of Brisbane in Ayrshire; the couple had four sons, including Admiral James Douglas (1755–1839) and three daughters. His second wife was Lady Helen Boyle, daughter of John Boyle, 2nd Earl of Glasgow, and Helenor, née Morison.

Sir George Douglas, 2nd Baronet, was a captain in the 25th Regiment of Foot and later commanded the Kelso Volunteers. He sold the old estate of Friarshaw in 1788 and became MP for Roxburgh.[6]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The position of governor of the colony had temporarily lapsed after the departure of Richard Edwards and therefore Douglas was not a governor of the island. Also, no commodore or governor was sent in 1747, the next governor was Charles Watson in 1748.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Biography at Government House The Governorship of Newfoundland and Labrador
  2. ^ a b c d e "James Douglas papers". Archived from the original on 10 May 2008. Retrieved 16 February 2008.
  3. ^ Haydn, Joseph (13 June 2008). The Book of Dignities: Containing Lists of the Official Personages of the British Empire ... from the Earliest Periods to the Present Time ... Together with the Sovereigns and Rulers of Europe, from the Foundation of Their Respective States; the Peerage of England and Great Britain Original 1851 Digitized by the University of Michigan. Longmans, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 279.
  4. ^ Cundall, p. xx
  5. ^ Dictionary of National Biography
  6. ^ "Kelso, Bordernet". Archived from the original on 8 March 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2012.
Parliament of Great Britain Preceded byJames Halyburton Member of Parliament for Orkney and Shetland 1754–1768 Succeeded byThomas Dundas Military offices Preceded byJohn Moore Commander-in-Chief, Leeward Islands Station 1761–1762 Succeeded bySir George Brydges Rodney Preceded byCharles Holmes Commander-in-Chief, Jamaica Station 1762 Succeeded byAugustus Keppel Preceded byThomas Pye Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth 1774–1777 Succeeded byThomas Pye Baronetage of Great Britain New creation Baronet(of Maxwell) 1786–1787 Succeeded byGeorge Douglas
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