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((short description|Concentration camp in the Independent State of Croatia))
((use dmy dates|date=August 2021))
((Infobox concentration camp
| type            = [[Concentration camp|Concentration]] and transit camp
| name            = Sisak
| image           =
| image size      =
| caption         =
| alt             =
| location map    = NDH
| map label       = [[Sisak]]
| map alt         =
| map caption     = Location of Sisak in the [[Independent State of Croatia]]
| coordinates     =
| other names     =
| known for       =
| location        = [[Sisak]], [[Independent State of Croatia]]
| built by        =
| operated by     = ((flag|Nazi Germany)) (Sisak I; until April 1944)<br/>((flag|Independent State of Croatia)) (Sisak II)
| commandant      =
| original use    = Recreation centre, saltworks and [[primary school]]
| construction    =
| in operation    = 1941–1945
| gas chambers    =
| prisoner type   = *Able-bodied [[Serb]], [[Bosniak]], and [[Romani people|Roma]] prisoners bound for the Reich (Sisak I)
*Serb, [[Jews|Jewish]] and Roma children (Sisak II)
| inmates         = 6,693–7,000 (Sisak II)
| killed          = 1,160–1,600 (Sisak II)
| liberated by    =
| notable inmates = [[Kozarčanka|Milja Toroman]]
| notable books   =
| website         =
))
'''Sisak''' was a [[World War II]] [[concentration camp|concentration]] and transit camp located in the [[Sisak|town of the same name]] in the [[Axis powers|Axis]] [[puppet state]] known as the [[Independent State of Croatia]] (NDH). It was operational between 1941 and 1945.

The camp consisted of two sub-camps, '''Sisak I''' and '''Sisak II'''. The former was used to intern adults destined for [[forced labour]] in the [[Nazi Germany|Reich]] and was established in 1941, while the latter was used to detain unaccompanied [[Serb]]—and to a lesser extent, [[Jews|Jewish]] and [[Romani people|Roma]]—children who had been separated from their parents over the course of the conflict. Sisak I was operated by the Germans, whereas Sisak II was administered by the [[Ustaše]], with some German gendarmes guarding its perimeter. The latter became operational in July–August 1942, receiving a group of children who had previously been detained at [[Mlaka, Sisak-Moslavina County|Mlaka]].

Living conditions at the children's camp were poor, leading to a high mortality rate. According to survivors, some children were killed by being given poisoned milk or [[gruel]] laced with [[caustic soda]]. On other occasions, camp commander [[Antun Najžer]] administered children with [[lethal injection]]s. Thousands of children were saved from the camp as a result of rescue efforts spearheaded by the humanitarian [[Diana Budisavljević]] and the local [[communist]] underground. Sisak II was dissolved in January 1943. The exact number of children who perished there is unknown, but estimates range from 1,160 to 1,600, largely as a result of starvation, thirst, typhus and neglect. In April 1944, the Germans ceded control of Sisak I to the Ustaše. It was shut down in January 1945 and its remaining inmates were dispatched to [[Jasenovac concentration camp|Jasenovac]].

In September 1946, Najžer was convicted for his involvement in the atrocities that took place at the children's camp and sentenced to [[death by firing squad]]. Memorials commemorating the camp victims were demolished in the early 1990s, during the [[Croatian War of Independence]]. Camp survivor Gabrijela Kolar's sculpture was spared, but has since fallen into a state of disrepair. In post-independence Croatia, the camp's main building was transformed into a movie theatre and renamed the Crystal Cube of Cheerfulness.

==Background==
===Interwar period===
Ethnic tensions between [[Serbs]] and [[Croats]] increased following the establishment of the [[Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes]] in the aftermath of [[World War I]]. During the [[interwar period]], many Croats came to resent Serb political hegemony in the newly established state, which resulted in the passing of legislation that favoured Serb political, religious and business interests.((sfn|Mojzes|2011|p=158)) Tensions flared in 1928, following the shooting of five Croatian parliamentary deputies by the Montenegrin Serb politician [[Puniša Račić]] in the country's parliament. Two died on the spot and two others were wounded but survived. A fifth, the opposition leader [[Stjepan Radić]], was also wounded and died nearly two months later of complications attributed to the shooting. In January 1929, King [[Alexander I of Yugoslavia|Alexander]] instituted a [[6 January Dictatorship|royal dictatorship]] and renamed the country [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]. Shortly thereafter, the Croatian politician [[Ante Pavelić]] formed the [[Ustaše]], a [[Croatian nationalist]] and [[fascist]] movement which sought to achieve Croatian independence through violent means. The Ustaše were outlawed in Yugoslavia, but received covert assistance from [[Benito Mussolini]]'s [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]], which had territorial pretensions in [[Istria]] and [[Dalmatia]]. The Ustaše carried out a number of actions aimed at undermining Yugoslavia, most notably the [[Velebit uprising]] in 1932 and the assassination of King Alexander in [[Marseilles]] in 1934. Following Alexander's assassination, the Ustaše movement's seniormost leaders, including Pavelić, were tried ''[[trial in absentia|in absentia]]'' in both France and Yugoslavia and sentenced to death, but were granted protection by Mussolini and thus evaded capture.((sfn|Tomasevich|2001|pp=25–34))

===Axis invasion of Yugoslavia===
Following the ''[[Anschluss]]'' of March 1938, during which [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] annexed [[First Austrian Republic|Austria]], Yugoslavia came to share its northwestern border with Germany and fell under increasing pressure as its neighbours aligned themselves with the [[Axis powers]]. In April 1939, Italy [[Italian invasion of Albania|invaded]] and occupied [[Albanian Kingdom (1928–39)|Albania]], thereby establishing a second land border with Yugoslavia.((sfn|Roberts|1973|pp=6–7)) At the outbreak of [[World War II]], the Royal Yugoslav Government declared its [[Neutrality (international relations)|neutrality]].((sfn|Pavlowitch|2008|p=8)) Between September and November 1940, [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46)|Hungary]] and [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]] joined the [[Tripartite Pact]], aligning themselves with the Axis, and Italy [[Greco-Italian War|invaded Greece]]. Yugoslavia was by then almost completely surrounded by the Axis powers and their satellites, and its neutral stance toward the war became strained.((sfn|Roberts|1973|pp=6–7)) In late February 1941, [[Kingdom of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]] joined the Pact. The following day, German troops entered Bulgaria from Romania, closing the ring around Yugoslavia.((sfn|Roberts|1973|p=12))

Intending to secure his southern flank for the [[Operation Barbarossa|impending attack]] on the [[Soviet Union]], German dictator [[Adolf Hitler]] began placing heavy pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Axis. On 25 March 1941, after some delay, the Royal Yugoslav Government signed the Pact. Two days later, a group of pro-Western, [[Serbian nationalism|Serbian nationalist]] [[Royal Yugoslav Air Force]] officers deposed the country's [[regent]], [[Prince Paul of Yugoslavia|Prince Paul]], in a bloodless [[Yugoslav coup d'état|coup d'état]]. They placed his teenage nephew [[Peter II of Yugoslavia|Peter]] on the throne and brought to power an ostensible [[government of national unity]] led by the head of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force, General [[Dušan Simović]].((sfn|Pavlowitch|2008|pp=10–13)) The coup enraged Hitler, who wished to irrevocably dismantle Yugoslavia, which he dubbed a "[[Treaty of Versailles|Versailles]] construct".((sfn|Pavlowitch|2008|p=21)) He immediately ordered the country's [[invasion of Yugoslavia|invasion]], which commenced on 6 April.((sfn|Roberts|1973|p=15))

===Creation of the NDH===
[[File:Map of the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia.svg|thumb|right|230px|A map depicting the occupation and partition of Yugoslavia, 1941–1943]]
Yugoslavia was quickly overwhelmed by the combined strength of the Axis powers and surrendered in less than two weeks. The government and royal family went into exile, and the country was occupied and dismembered by its neighbours.((sfn|Pavlowitch|2008|p=21)) Serbia was reduced to its pre-[[Balkan Wars|Balkan War]] borders and directly occupied by Germany.((sfn|Pavlowitch|2008|p=49)) Serb-inhabited territories west of the [[Drina]] River were incorporated into the Axis [[puppet state]] known as the [[Independent State of Croatia]] (((lang-hr|Nezavisna država Hrvatska)); NDH), which included most of modern-day [[Croatia]], all of modern-day [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], and parts of modern-day [[Serbia]].((sfn|Tomasevich|2001|p=272))((efn|The NDH was divided into German and Italian areas of influence. The Italian area of influence was divided into three operational zones. Zone I, which consisted of the coastal and island area surrounding the cities of [[Zadar]], [[Šibenik]], [[Trogir]] and [[Split, Croatia|Split]], was directly annexed by Italy. Zone II was consigned to the NDH. It encompassed much of [[Dalmatia]] and the [[Dalmatian Hinterland]]. Zone III, also allotted to the NDH, extended as far as western and central [[Bosnia (region)|Bosnia]], a sliver of eastern Bosnia, and all of [[Herzegovina]].((sfn|Tomasevich|2001|loc=Map 4)))) The establishment of the NDH was announced over the radio by [[Slavko Kvaternik]], a former [[Austro-Hungarian Army]] officer who had been in contact with Croatian nationalists abroad, on 10 April.((sfn|Goldstein|1999|p=133))((sfn|Ramet|2006|p=155))

Pavelić entered the NDH on 13 April and reached [[Zagreb]] two days later. The same day, Germany and Italy extended diplomatic recognition to the NDH. Pavelić assumed control and bestowed himself the title ''[[Poglavnik]]'' ("leader").((sfn|Goldstein|1999|p=133)) At the time of its establishment, the NDH had a population of 6.5 million inhabitants, about half of whom were Croats. It was also inhabited by nearly two million Serbs, who constituted about one-third of its total population.((sfn|Hoare|2007|pp=19–20)) Nevertheless, Serbs—along with others whom the Ustaše deemed "undesirable", such as [[Jews]] and [[Romani people|Roma]]—were denied citizenship on the basis that they were not [[Aryan race|Aryan]]s, and immediate measures were taken to expunge the presence of the [[Cyrillic alphabet]] from the public sphere.((sfn|Pavlowitch|2008|pp=31–32)) On 17 April, the Ustaše instituted the Legal Provision for the Defence of the People and State, a law legitimizing the establishment of concentration camps and the mass shooting of hostages in the NDH. Thirty concentration camps in total were established across the puppet state.((sfn|Goldstein|1999|pp=136–138))

==History==
===Sisak I===
The town of [[Sisak]], near the confluence of the [[Sava]] and [[Kupa]] rivers, is located more than ((convert|48|km)) southeast of Zagreb. During the war, the town hosted two sub-camps, which were initially jointly administered by the NDH authorities and the German Commissioner in Croatia (((lang-de|Deutscher Bevollmächtigter General in Kroatien))). The first sub-camp, Sisak I, served as a transit camp for thousands of captured Serbs, [[Bosniaks]], and Roma who were to be deported to perform forced labour in the Reich. Euphemistically referred to as a "transit camp for refugees" by its administrators, it was established on a portion of the abandoned Teslić factory, which was surrounded by [[barbed wire]]. The German authorities sent some of the able-bodied prisoners from Sisak I to the [[Sajmište concentration camp]], directly across the border from German-occupied Belgrade. Other prisoners met various fates in different German camps, such as [[Augsburg]], [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]], [[Dachau concentration camp|Dachau]], [[Mauthausen concentration camp|Mauthausen]], and [[Salzgitter]]. Some were sent to German-run camps in [[German occupation of Norway|occupied Norway]].((sfn|White|2018|pp=73–74))

Sisak I was expanded in 1942 with the construction of seven additional [[barracks]]. By the following year, it had a total capacity of 5,000. The German authorities ceded control over Sisak I to the NDH and the Ustaše in April 1944. The camp was eventually shut down in January 1945, with its remaining inmates dispatched to [[Jasenovac concentration camp|Jasenovac]], the largest of the Ustaše camps.((sfn|White|2018|pp=73–74))

===Sisak II===
====Establishment====
[[File:Serbian women and children in Daruvar.jpg|thumb|right|Serb women and children displaced following the [[Kozara Offensive]], 1942]]
The second sub-camp, Sisak II, was reserved for those who were deemed unfit for forced labour.((sfn|White|2018|p=73)) Its operators euphemistically referred to it as a "reception center for children and refugees"((sfn|White|2018|p=73)) or the "shelter for children refugees".((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42)) According to the historian Joseph Robert White, the first 1,200 children arrived from the [[Mlaka, Sisak-Moslavina County|Mlaka]] sub-camp on 29 July 1942, with subsequent transfers from Jasenovac V ([[Stara Gradiška concentration camp|Stara Gradiška]]) and [[Jastrebarsko concentration camp|Jastrebarsko]] taking place in August.((sfn|White|2018|p=74)) According to the historians [[Paul R. Bartrop]] and Eve E. Grimm,  Sisak II was officially established on 3 August 1942, following the [[Kozara Offensive]] (((lang-de|Operation West-Bosnien|links=no))). The first group of 906 children arrived at Sisak II on 3 August, according to Bartrop and Grimm, with an additional 650 children arriving the following day, and a third group of 1,272 on 6 August.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42))

The Ustaše dispersed the children of Sisak II among the Sisters of Saint Vincent Convent, a site that formerly belonged to the [[Sokol movement in Yugoslavia|Yugoslav ''Sokol'' recreational society]], the Reis Saltworks and a [[primary school]] in the neighbourhood of Novi Sisak. Children under the age of three were detained in the convent, whereas those between the ages of four and five were confined to the saltworks.((sfn|White|2018|p=74)) Sisak II was administered by the physician [[Antun Najžer]].((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42))((efn|Also spelled Nadžer in some sources.((sfn|White|2018|p=73)))) The commander of the camp guards was an individual with the surname Faget. Female Ustaše guards also took part in overseeing the camp. The German ''[[Sicherheitsdienst]]'' (SD) also sent a representative to Sisak, and German field gendarmes provided security around the two sub-camps and the adjacent railway.((sfn|White|2018|p=73))

====Camp conditions and rescue efforts====
[[File:Sisak Ustasha concentration camp for children.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Child prisoners at Sisak II]]
Despite the efforts of humanitarians such as [[Diana Budisavljević]] and others, up to 40 children died at Sisak II on some days. Food parcels sent by the [[International Committee of the Red Cross|Red Cross]] never reached the children.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42)) By late September 1942, the camp held 4,720 children. Poor sanitary conditions and lack of care resulted in a very high mortality rate among the children.((sfn|Mataušić|2016|loc=p. 88, note 30)) Children were made to sleep on the floor, and malnutrition and dysentery were rife.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42))  Of the 162 children admitted to the City Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Zagreb((efn|Now known as the Department of Infectious Diseases, Fran Mihaljević Hospital.((sfn|Mataušić|2016|p=67)))) over the course of 1942, 145 died. Many had previously been interned at Sisak.((sfn|Mataušić|2016|p=67)) In August and September 1942, it is estimated that Sisak II contained 3,971 child prisoners.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42)) Some of the camp's children were killed by being given [[lethal injection]]s, personally administered by Najžer.((sfn|White|2018|p=74)) Others were killed by being fed [[gruel]] laced with [[caustic soda]], according to survivors.((sfn|Watson 24 July 2000)) One former prisoner recalled how her sister "came down with a high fever and vomiting" and died after drinking poisoned milk.((sfn|Mair|2010|p=182))

NDH official Ante Dumbović authored a report in which he reported that the nuns tasked with looking after the children did not even know their names. This prompted Dumbović to place metal plates around the children's necks with their names inscribed. The poor living conditions at Sisak II shocked many observers, including Dumbović, as well as representatives of the [[Croatian Red Cross]]. Dumbović documented the conditions at Sisak with his camera, taking 755 photographs of the emaciated children, some dead or dying, and others lying naked on the floor. At the time of his inspection, Dumbović found that 956 children had died in the camp, of whom only 201 could be identified by name. Three women affiliated with the Croatian Red Cross—Jana Koch, Vera Luketić, and Luketić's mother, Dragica Habazin—visited Sisak II in September 1942 and interviewed Najžer. He denied that any of the inmates were suffering, apart from some internees at the primary school, who were described as being "sick".((sfn|White|2018|p=74))

Many children were rescued by volunteers affiliated with the communist resistance, who found them jobs as domestic servants or farm workers. Rescuers often worked under code names in secret cells, coordinating their activities from farmhouses as well as the homes of local aristocrats. Approximately 2,200 children were resettled in Zagreb, while families from Sisak and surrounding villages sheltered 1,630 children rescued from the camp.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=43)) In some cases, the children were released to their parents or close relatives, while many others were placed in [[foster care]]. Either because of the NDH policy of forced conversion or out of expedience, many were baptized into the [[Roman Catholic]] faith.((sfn|White|2018|p=74))

====Dissolution====
On 8 January 1943, Sisak II was shut down, and the remaining child prisoners were sent to Zagreb.((sfn|White|2018|p=75)) Over the course of its existence, a total of 6,693 Serb, Jewish, and Roma children passed through Sisak II, according to Bartrop and Grimm.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42)) White places the number of child inmates at 7,000.((sfn|White|2018|p=74)) According to Bartrop and Grimm, between 1,160 and 1,500 children perished at the camp, largely as a result of [[typhus]].((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=42)) White estimates that between 1,200 and 1,600 children died from starvation, thirst, typhus and neglect.((sfn|White|2018|p=74))

==Legacy==
The historian Jelena Subotić has referred to Sisak as a "uniquely monstrous" camp.((sfn|Subotić|2019|p=103)) The journalist Nikola Vukobratovic describes the treatment of children in Sisak II as "one of the greatest tragedies" in the town's history.((sfn|Vukobratovic 7 August 2019)) On 8 September 1946, Najžer was convicted for his involvement in the atrocities that took place at Sisak II and sentenced to [[death by firing squad]].((sfn|Mataušić|2016|p=75)) In October 2014, the [[Holocaust survivor]] [[Branko Lustig]], who produced the 1993 film ''[[Schindler's List]]'', attended a ceremony commemorating the victims of the Sisak camp. "We had a similar treatment [in Auschwitz] as children in&nbsp;... Sisak," Lustig remarked. "They had doctor Najžer, we had the infamous doctor [[Josef Mengele|Mengele]]."((sfn|Milekic 6 October 2014))

After the war, parents who had survived being subjected to forced labour in the Reich returned to Yugoslavia and began searching for their children. Records kept by Budisavljević containing information about each child detained at Sisak were confiscated by the [[OZNA|Department for People's Protection]] (((lang-sh|Odeljenje za zaštitu naroda)); OZNA) and kept from public view, preventing many families from reuniting.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=43)) According to the historian Nataša Mataušić, most of the children adopted from camps such as Sisak never became aware of their biological families or the circumstances of their adoption. Others, such as camp survivor Božo Judaš, chose to continue identifying as Croats even after discovering their origins. "Some have asked me how come I identify as a Croat, although my biological parents were almost certainly Serbs," Judaš remarked. "It's quite simple: without my adoptive Croat father, I wouldn't be alive."((sfn|Vukobratovic 7 August 2019)) Also among the children who passed through Sisak was Milja Toroman. She survived and later became the subject of an iconic [[War photography|war photograph]] titled ''[[Kozarčanka]]'', which was widely seen as a symbol of the [[Yugoslav Partisans|Partisan]] resistance in post-war Yugoslavia.((sfn|Konjikušić|2021|p=158))

A memorial plaque was unveiled at the Reis Saltworks in 1954.((sfn|Radio Television of Vojvodina 6 October 2012)) In 1964, a sculpture by the visual artist and camp survivor Gabrijela Kolar, titled ''Unfinished Games'' (((lang-sh|Nedovršene igre))), was unveiled at one of the former camp sites, which had since been transformed into a public park and playground. "Such a concept was intentional," according to the academic Sanja Horvatinčić, "and was meant to console and give hope to the survivors of the war and to the visitors who are faced with the brutal history of the site." ''Unfinished Games'' depicts seven children whom Kolar had met while she herself was detained at the camp.((sfn|Vukobratovic 7 August 2019)) A cemetery containing the graves of children who lost their lives at the camp was landscaped in 1974.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=43)) Monuments commemorating the children who died, such as the ones at the Reis Saltworks and the Sisak Cultural Center, were destroyed in the early 1990s, during the [[Croatian War of Independence]].((sfnm|1a1=Subotić|1y=2019|1p=121|2a1=Bartrop|2a2=Grimm|2y=2020|2p=43)) Kolar's sculpture was spared, but has since fallen into a state of disrepair.((sfn|Vukobratovic 7 August 2019)) The children's cemetery has experienced a similar fate.((sfn|Bartrop|Grimm|2020|p=43)) In post-independence Croatia, the Sisak camp's main building was transformed into a movie theatre and renamed the Crystal Cube of Cheerfulness (((lang-hr|Kristalna kocka vedrine))).((sfn|Vukobratovic 7 August 2019))

In 2022, the [[Serbian Orthodox Church]] canonized the victims of Sisak II along with those of the [[Jastrebarsko children's camp]] as the "Saint children martyrs of Jastrebarsko and Sisak".((sfn|Serbian Orthodox Church 23 May 2022)) In response, the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb]] sent a letter to [[Porfirije, Serbian Patriarch|Patriarch Porfirije]] protesting the canonization, stating that "with regard to this matter, the [[Bishops' Council of the Serbian Orthodox Church|Holy Synod of Bishops of the Serbian Orthodox Church]] has obviously accepted rhetoric and [[communist propaganda]], full of untruths and manipulations, with which it is being attempted to blame innocent people for the alleged torture and murder of children, thousands of whom, owing to the love and care of Croatian Catholics, were saved from death and survived the difficult wartime conditions."((sfn|Informativna katolička agencija 27 July 2022))

==See also==
*[[Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia]]
*[[Jastrebarsko children's camp]]

==Footnotes==
((notelist|30em))

==Citations==
((reflist|30em))

==References==
;Books
((refbegin|30em))
*((cite book|last1=Bartrop|first1=Paul R.|authorlink1=Paul R. Bartrop|last2=Grimm|first2=Eve E. |year=2020|title=Children of the Holocaust|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, California|isbn=978-1-44086-853-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fjz_DwAAQBAJ))
*((cite book|last=Goldstein|first=Ivo|authorlink=Ivo Goldstein|year=1999|title=Croatia: A History|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|location=Montreal, Canada|isbn=978-0-7735-2017-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJexhW3C0TIC))
*((cite book|last=Hoare|first=Marko Attila|authorlink=Marko Attila Hoare|year=2007|title=The History of Bosnia: From the Middle Ages to the Present Day|publisher=Saqi|location=London, England|isbn=978-0-86356-953-1))
*((cite book|last=Konjikušić|first=Davor|year=2021|title=Red Glow: Yugoslav Partisan Photography and Social Movement, 1941–1945|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|location=Berlin, Germany|isbn=978-3-42298-648-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Iw1QEAAAQBAJ))
*((cite book|last=Mair|first=Birgit|editor1-last=von Plato|editor1-first=Alexander|editor2-last=Leh|editor2-first=Almut|editor3-last=Thonfeld|editor3-first=Christoph|year=2010|title=Hitler's Slaves: Life Stories of Forced Labourers in Nazi-Occupied Europe|chapter=They Survived Two Wars: Bosnian Roma as Civil War Refugees in Germany|publisher=Bergahn Books|location=New York City|isbn=978-1-84545-990-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FUjRhscAaToC|pages=177–187))
*((cite book|last=Mataušić|first=Nataša|editor1-last=Ognjenović|editor1-first=Gorana|editor2-last=Jozelić|editor2-first=Jasna|year=2016|series=Revolutionary Totalitarianism, Pragmatic Socialism, Transition|title=Tito's Yugoslavia, Stories Untold|chapter=Diana Budisavljević: The Silent Truth|volume=1|publisher=Springer|location=New York City|isbn=978-1-1-3759-743-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u3-QDAAAQBAJ|pages=49–98))
*((cite book|last=Mojzes|first=Paul|authorlink=Paul Mojzes|year=2011|title=Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the 20th Century|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|location=Lanham, Maryland|isbn=978-1-4422-0665-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KwW2O7v7CUcC))
*((cite web|publisher=Informativna katolička agencija|date=27 July 2022|title=Open Letter from the Catholic Bishops of the Metropolis of Zagreb to Serbian Orthodox Patriarch Porfirije|url=https://ika.hkm.hr/novosti/open-letter-from-the-catholic-bishops-of-the-metropolis-of-zagreb-to-serbian-orthodox-patriarch-porfirije/|access-date=2 August 2022|ref=((harvid|Informativna katolička agencija 27 July 2022))))
*((cite book|last=Pavlowitch|first=Stevan K.|authorlink=Stevan K. Pavlowitch|year=2008|title=Hitler's New Disorder: The Second World War in Yugoslavia|publisher=Hurst & Company|location=London, England|isbn=978-1-85065-895-5))
*((cite book|last=Ramet|first=Sabrina P.|authorlink=Sabrina P. Ramet|year=2006|title=The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington, Indiana|isbn=978-0-253-34656-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FTw3lEqi2-oC))
*((cite book|last=Roberts|first=Walter R.|authorlink=Walter Roberts (writer)|year=1973|title=Tito, Mihailović and the Allies 1941–1945|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham, North Carolina|isbn=978-0-8223-0773-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=43CbLU8FgFsC))
*((cite web|publisher=Serbian Orthodox Church|date=23 May 2022|title=Саопштење за јавност Светог Архијерејског Сабора|trans-title=Statement of the Holy Assembly of Bishops|language=Serbian|url=http://arhiva.spc.rs/sr/saopshtenje_za_javnost_svetog_arhijerejskog_sabora_6.html|access-date=2 August 2022|ref=((harvid|Serbian Orthodox Church 3 May 2022))))
*((cite book|last=Subotić|first=Jelena|year=2019|title=Yellow Star, Red Star: Holocaust Remembrance after Communism|publisher=Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, New York|isbn=978-1-50174-241-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dA2QDwAAQBAJ))
*((cite book|last=Tomasevich|first=Jozo|authorlink=Jozo Tomasevich|year=2001|title=War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Stanford, California|isbn=978-0-8047-3615-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fqUSGevFe5MC))
*((cite book|last=White|first=Joseph Robert|editor1-last=Megargee|editor1-first=Geoffrey P.|editor2-last=White|editor2-first=Joseph R.|year=2018|series=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945|title=Camps and Ghettos under European Regimes Aligned with Nazi Germany|chapter=Sisak I and II|volume=III|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington, Indiana|isbn=978-0-25302-386-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8nBTDwAAQBAJ|pages=73–75))
((refend))

;News reports
((refbegin|30em))
*((cite web|website=Radio Television of Vojvodina|date=6 October 2012|title=Komemoracija za decu žrtve ustaškog logora u Sisku|language=Serbian|url=http://www.rtv.rs/sr_lat/region/komemoracija-za-decu-zrtve-ustaskog-logora-u-sisku_346049.html|accessdate=26 August 2021|ref=((harvid|Radio Television of Vojvodina 6 October 2012))))
*((cite web|last=Milekic|first=Sven|date=6 October 2014|title=WWII Children's Concentration Camp Remembered in Croatia|website=Balkan Insight|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2014/10/06/ww2-children-s-concentration-camp-commemorated-in-sisak/|accessdate=26 August 2021|ref=((harvid|Vukobratovic 6 October 2014))))
*((cite web|last=Vukobratovic|first=Nikola|date=7 August 2019|title=Memory Loss: The Campaign to Whitewash Croatia's WWII Children's Camps|website=Balkan Insight|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2019/08/07/memory-loss-the-campaign-to-whitewash-croatias-wwii-childrens-camps/|accessdate=26 August 2021|ref=((harvid|Vukobratovic 7 August 2019))))
*((cite news|last=Watson|first=Paul|authorlink=Paul Watson (journalist)|date=24 July 2000|title=The Heirs to Kindness in Croatia|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2000/jul/24/news/mn-58085|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100214202403/http://articles.latimes.com/2000/jul/24/news/mn-58085|archive-date=14 February 2010|accessdate=26 August 2021|ref=((harvid|Watson 24 July 2000))))
((refend))

==External links==
*[http://www.jusp-jasenovac.hr/Default.aspx?sid=7375 Sisak Camp ] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023148/http://www.jusp-jasenovac.hr/Default.aspx?sid=7375 |date=31 January 2018 )) ((space)) Jasenovac Memorial Site
*[https://collections.ushmm.org/search/?q=Sisak%20%28Concentration%20camp%29&search_field=Subject Oral history interviews ] ((space)) United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

((Concentration camps in Independent State of Croatia))
((The Holocaust))

((coord|45.482619|N|16.372393|E|source:wikidata|display=title))

[[Category:Concentration camps of the Independent State of Croatia]]
[[Category:History of the Romani people during World War II]]
[[Category:History of the Serbs of Croatia]]
[[Category:Jewish Croatian history]]
[[Category:Murdered children]]
[[Category:Sisak]]
[[Category:The Holocaust in Yugoslavia]]

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