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((short description|Preserved American 2-8-2 locomotive))
((More citations needed|date=July 2016))
((Infobox locomotive
| name = Soo Line 1003
| powertype = [[Steam locomotive|Steam]]
| image = SOO 1003 in Slinger.jpg
| caption = Soo Line No. 1003 operating in [[Slinger, Wisconsin]] on November 2, 2019
| hatnote = References:<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/>
| builder = [[American Locomotive Company]] (ALCO)
| serialnumber = 52826
| builddate = March 1913
| rebuilddate = November 1941
| whytetype = [[2-8-2]]
| uicclass = 1′D1′ h2
| gauge = ((Track gauge|ussg|allk=on))
| leadingdiameter = ((convert|33|in|mm|0|abbr=on))
| driverdiameter = ((convert|63|in|mm|0|abbr=on))
| trailingdiameter = ((convert|42|in|mm|0|abbr=on))
| locoweight = ((convert|290000|lb|kg t|sigfig=4|abbr=on|lk=on))
| fueltype = [[Coal]]
| fuelcap = ((convert|35000|lb|kg t|sigfig=3|abbr=on))
| watercap = ((convert|10000|usgal|abbr=on))
| boilerpressure = ((convert|170|lbf/in2|MPa|2|abbr=on))
| cylindercount = Two, outside
| cylindersize = ((convert|28|x|30|in|mm|0|abbr=on))
| valvegear = [[Walschaerts valve gear|Walschaerts]]
| valvetype = [[Piston valve (steam engine)|Piston valves]]
| maxspeed = ((convert|50|mph|abbr=on))
| tractiveeffort = ((convert|53947|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on))
| factorofadhesion = 4.15
| operator = [[Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad]] ("Soo Line")
| operatorclass = [[Soo Line L-1 class|L-1]]
| numinclass = 3rd of 10
| locale = [[United States]] [[Upper Midwest]]
| retiredate = August 1959
| preservedunits = December 30, 1959
| restoredate = October 27, 1996
| currentowner = Steam Locomotive Heritage Association
| disposition = Operational
))
'''Soo Line 1003''' is a class "L-1" [[2-8-2]] "[[2-8-2|Mikado]]" type [[steam locomotive]] built by the [[American Locomotive Company]] (ALCO) in March 1913 as a member of the [[Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad]] ("Soo Line") [[Soo Line L-1 class|L-1 class]]. It was retired from regular revenue service in August 1959 and restored to operating condition on October 27, 1996. Today, it is occasionally operated on the major railroads of the [[United States|American]] [[Upper Midwest]].

== History ==
=== Revenue service ===
The locomotive was built in 1913 by the [[American Locomotive Company]] (ALCO) as a L-1 class 2-8-2 “Mikado” type steam locomotive.<ref name="SL1003"/> A very efficient locomotive design, the design enabled the L-1 class to pull passenger and freight trains.<ref>((Cite web |title=Soo Line locomotive 1003 is a mammoth Mikado |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/railroads/locomotives/soo-line-1003/ |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=Trains |language=en-US))</ref> In November 1941, some major repairs and replacement parts were carried out on the locomotive. A larger sandbox was installed, the wooden pilot was swapped out with a new boiler tube steel pilot, and the wood and canvas roof was swapped out for steel and the cab became bigger.<ref>((Cite web |title=Soo Line #1003 ((!)) Steam Locomotive Heritage Association |url=http://steamlocomotiveheritage.org/soo-line-1003-2/ |access-date=2023-08-06 |language=en-US))</ref> The last improvement was that a feed water heater was installed and the superheater itself was replaced with a Elesco type A. No. 1003 was used by the [[Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad|Soo Line]] mostly to pull freight trains until retirement in August 1959, when it went into serviceable storage in [[Gladstone, Michigan]] as part of the railroad's strategic reserve.<ref name="SL1003">((Cite web|title=Soo Line Locomotive 1003|url=http://steamlocomotiveheritage.org/soo-line-1003-2/|access-date=September 9, 2022|language=en-US))</ref><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum">((Cite web|title=Soo Line #1003 at the Wisconsin Automotive Museum|date=23 February 2022 |url=https://steamgiants.com/survivors/operating/soo-line-1003/|access-date=April 14, 2023|language=en-US))</ref><ref name="BW&GF/SOO Line 2-8-2 Mikado Locomotives">((Cite web|title=Bismarck, Washburn & Great Falls / Minneapolis, St Paul & Sault Ste Marie 2-8-2 "Mikado" Locomotives in the USA|url=https://www.steamlocomotive.com/locobase.php?country=USA&wheel=2-8-2&railroad=soo|access-date=April 14, 2023|language=en-US))</ref> The strategic reserve is the main reason why the No. 1003 was not cut up for scrap. On December 30, 1959, the railroad donated the locomotive to the city of [[Superior, Wisconsin]] where it was put on public display.<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/> In the mid 1970s, Superior Shortline Steam Railroad Ltd. was organized to restore the locomotive to operation.<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/> However, the plan of restoring the locomotive to operating condition never came to fruition.

=== Excursion service ===
The locomotive was sold partially disassembled in 1993 to Wisconsin Railway Preservation Trust (WRPT), another organization whose goal was to return the locomotive to operations.<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/> WRPT raised $250,000 for the locomotive's restoration. It was originally hoped that the locomotive could be used for excursion trips on the weekend of October 5, 1996, but boiler tests showed the engine to not be ready in time.<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/>

No. 1003's first run after restoration under its own power occurred on October 27, 1996, when it steamed up the [[Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway]]'s Proctor Hill.<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/> It performed a few more test runs before its first public excursion in 1997. In 1998, it ran the "triple-header" excursion with [[Northern Pacific class S-10|Northern Pacific 328]] and [[Soo Line 2719]].<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/> 

In 2000 and 2001, No. 1003 pulled excursion trains on the [[Wisconsin and Southern Railroad]] (WSOR).<ref name=":0">((Harvp|Nelson|2013|p=155))</ref> In July 2002, No. 1003 lead that year's [[Circus World Museum]] (CWM) train on the WSOR from [[Baraboo, Wisconsin|Baraboo]] to [[Milwaukee]], Wisconsin.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Harvp|Nelson|2013|p=162))</ref>

The locomotive made its final journey under its FRA-mandated 15-year boiler certificate on November 13, 2010. But shortly afterwards, the operators raised funds to have the engine overhauled and certified for another 15 years of operation. No. 1003 returned to service in September 2012, but flue problems delayed its first excursion run until November 2014.<ref name="SL1003"/><ref name="Soo Line #1003 at The Wisconsin Automotive Museum"/>

== See also ==

* [[Chicago and North Western 1385]]
* [[Soo Line 2713]]
* [[Soo Line 2718]]
* [[Union Pacific 618]]

== References ==
((Reflist))

== Bibliography ==
* ((cite magazine|author=Gilchinski, Steve|date=February 1997|title=Soo Line 2-8-2 back in steam|magazine=Trains magazine|volume=57|issue=2|pages=24–25))
* ((Cite book |last=Nelson |first=Bruce |title=America's Greatest Circus Train |publisher=Heimburger House Publishing Company |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-911581-64-5 |edition=1st))

== External links ==
((Commons category|Soo Line 1003))
((Portal|Trains))
* [http://steamlocomotiveheritage.org/ Steam Locomotive Heritage Association website]

((Soo Line steam locomotives))

[[Category:Soo Line locomotives|1003]]
[[Category:ALCO locomotives]]
[[Category:2-8-2 locomotives]]
[[Category:Individual locomotives of the United States]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1913]]
[[Category:Standard gauge locomotives of the United States]]
[[Category:Preserved steam locomotives of Wisconsin]]

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