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((EngvarB|date=July 2016))
((Use dmy dates|date=July 2016))
((Infobox organization
|name  = Southern African Music Rights Organisation NPC
|company_logo   = 
|abbreviation = SAMRO
|type = [[Nonprofit organization|Not for profit]]
|formation = 1961
|headquarters    = [[Braamfontein]], South Africa
|key_people = Nicholas Maweni, Chairman<ref>((Cite web|url=https://samro.org.za/news/articles/samro-appoints-new-chairperson-board|title=SAMRO Appoints New Chairperson of the Board &#124; SAMRO|website=samro.org.za))</ref>
|website = ((URL|samro.org.za/))
))

The '''Southern African Music Rights Organisation''' ('''SAMRO'''), is a [[copyright]] asset management society. It was established by the South African Copyright Act,<ref>((cite web |title=Copyright Act of 1978|url=http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/details.jsp?id=4067|publisher=South Africa))</ref> and aims to protect the intellectual property of music creators by [[Music licensing|licensing]] music users, collecting licence fees and distributing [[royalties]] to music creators.<ref>((cite web|title=Company Profile|url=http://www.samro.org.za/about-SAMRO/company-profile|publisher=SAMRO))</ref> SAMRO represents more than 15,000 Southern African [[music composer]]s, lyricists/authors and [[Music publisher (popular music)|music publishers]].<ref>((cite web|title=Annual Report|url=http://www.samro.org.za/sites/all/themes/corporateclean/documents/Full%20Report%202012eReport.pdf|publisher=SAMRO|page=4|year=2012))</ref> The organisation administers  [[performing rights]].<ref>((cite web|title=Needletime Rights|url=http://www.posatrust.org.za|author=POSA (Performers' Organization of South Africa)))</ref>

==History==
The Southern African Music Rights Organisation (name since 1974) was formed in December 1961<ref name="auto">((cite magazine|title=CISAC: 50 Years of Protecting Intellectual Property Rights |magazine=Billboard|date=6 November 1976|pages=C-44))</ref> under the chairmanship of Dr. Gideon Roos Senior,<ref>((cite web|title=Gideon Roos |url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/gideon-roos-sa-actor-broadcaster-and-co-founder-samro-south-african-music-rights-organis|publisher=South African History Online))</ref> a former Director-General of the [[South African Broadcasting Corporation]] (SABC).<ref>((cite book|last=Crook|first=Tim|title=International Radio Journalism|year=2002|publisher=Routledge|page=62|isbn=9780203423233|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CmT_hQsgbmUC&pg=PA62))</ref>

SAMRO began operations in January 1962 with 40 South African composers and 13 music publishers, taking over from the UK royalty collecting society PRS.<ref name="auto"/> In June 1962, SAMRO was accepted as a member of the [[International Confederation of Societies of Authors and Composers]] (CISAC).<ref>((cite book|last=Mojapelo|first=Max|title=Beyond Memory: Recording the History, Moments and Memories of South African Music |year=2008 |publisher=African Minds |page=24 |isbn=9781920299286 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x-KW9f02oNMC&pg=PA24))</ref> In the same year, [[Strike Vilakazi]], the composer of the anti-apartheid song ''[[Meadowlands (song)|Meadowlands]]'' became the first black member of SAMRO.<ref>((cite book|last=Mojapelo|first=Max|title=Beyond Memory: Recording the History, Moments and Memories of South African Music |year=2008 |publisher=African Minds|pages=24–25|isbn=9781920299286|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x-KW9f02oNMC&pg=PA24))</ref>

On 1 May 2013, SAMRO converted from a [[company limited by guarantee]] (a corporate form no longer supported by the Companies Act 71 of 2008<ref>((cite web|title=Companies Act 71 of 2008|url=http://www.gov.za/sites/www.gov.za/files/32121_421_0.pdf|publisher=South African Government|date=2008))</ref>) to a [[Nonprofit organization|non profit]] company,<ref>((cite web|title=SAMRO Notes, December 2013|page=3|url=http://www.samro.org.za/sites/all/themes/corporateclean/images/newsletters/samroNotes/december2013/samroNotes-december2013.pdf|publisher=SAMRO|date=1 December 2013))</ref> and now operates under the name of Southern African Music Rights Organisation NPC.

In March 2014, SAMRO announced the transfer of its mechanical rights licensing operation to CAPASSO (Composers Authors and Publishers Association), as recommended by the 2012 Copyright Review Commission Report.<ref>((cite web|title=CAPASSO -The Mechanical Rights hub launched at Music Exchange '14|url=http://www.samro.org.za/node/15359|publisher=SAMRO|accessdate=12 March 2014))</ref><ref>((cite web|title=CAPASSO – FAQs|url=http://www.restaurant.org.za/pdf/CAPASSO-FAQs.pdf|publisher=CAPASSO))</ref>

==Awards==
From 2008<ref>((cite web | title=SAMRO sponsors another spectacular Lifetime Achievement Award | website=Arts & Culture Trust | date=23 October 2015 | url=https://act.org.za/2015/10/samro-sponsors-another-spectacular-lifetime-achievement-award/ | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref> until at least 2020, SAMRO sponsored the Lifetime Achievement Award  in Music, in the Arts & Culture Trust (ACT) Awards.<ref>((cite web | title=2020 ACT Awards ceremony announced | website= Nedbank | url=https://www.nedbank.co.za/content/nedbank/desktop/gt/en/news/nedbankstories/affinity-projects/2020/2020-act-awards-ceremony-announced.html | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref> Past winners have included [[Johnny Clegg]] and [[Caiphus Semenya]].<ref>((cite web | title=Johnny Clegg receives the ACT Lifetime Achievement Award | website=Media Update | date=26 October 2016 | url=https://www.mediaupdate.co.za/media/121791/johnny-clegg-receives-the-act-lifetime-achievement-award | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref><ref>((cite web | title=Caiphus Semenya: ACT Lifetime Achievement Award for Music | website=Creative Feel | date=3 November 2015 | url=https://creativefeel.co.za/2015/11/caiphus-semenya-act-lifetime-achievement-award-for-music/ | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref>

In 2012, SAMRO commemorated its 50th anniversary with a series of events, including the Builders' Awards, which recognised musicians, staff members and others who had contributed to the organisation over the years.<ref>((cite web|title=SAMRO Celebrates Legacy with Builders' Awards|url=http://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/483/77746.html |publisher= BizCommunity|date=2 July 2012))</ref>  [[Strike Vilakazi|David "Strike" Vilakazi]], [[Magogo kaDinuzulu|Princess Constance Magogo Ka Dinizulu Buthelezi]], [[Mzilikazi Khumalo]], [[Dorothy Masuka]], and SAMRO founder Gideon Roos Snr were all recipients of the awards.<ref>((cite web | last=Tsumele | first=Edward | title=Music legends honoured by Samro awards | website=sowetanlive.co.za | date=28 June 2012 | url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2012-06-28-music-legends-honoured-by-samro-awards/ | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref>

In 2013, SAMRO launched the Wawela Music Awards to pay tribute to South African composers who have made a significant contribution on the international and local music scene.<ref>((cite web|last=Mathe|first=Sam|title=Samro unveils categories for first Wawela Awards|url=http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2013/03/12/samro-unveils-categories-for-first-wawela-awards|date=12 March 2013))</ref> [[Mbongeni Ngema]] won the inaugural Recognition Award.<ref name=smsaward2013>((cite web | title=Ngema wins Lifetime Achievement Award| publisher= Mbongeni Ngema | website=Facebook |date= 22 July 2013| url=https://www.facebook.com/MbongeniNgemasTheZulu/posts/ngema-wins-lifetime-achievement-awardmbongeni-ngema-was-awarded-a-lifetime-achie/171779036334758/ | access-date=29 December 2023| quote=...and earlier this month he scooped a prestigious Inaugural Recognition Award at SAMRO's first Wawela Awards in [[Sandton]].))</ref> It appears that the last awards were given in 2015.<ref>((cite web | title=Gallery | website=Wawela Music Awards | url=https://wawelamusicawards.co.za/gallery-listing.php | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref>

SAMRO continues to sponsor the "SAMRO Highest Airplay Composer Award" at the [[South African Music Awards]].<ref>((cite web | title=Samro congratulates the winners of the Samro Highest Airplay Composer Award | website=Bizcommunity | date=21 November 2023 | url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/480/243971.html | access-date=29 December 2023))</ref>

==Global affiliations==

SAMRO has reciprocal agreements with 225 collecting societies in 150 countries allowing it to collect music royalties on behalf of its members around the world.<ref>((cite web|title=Company Profile|url=http://www.samro.org.za/about-SAMRO/company-profile|publisher=SAMRO Foundation))</ref>

SAMRO is a member of the [[Confédération Internationale des Sociétés d'Auteurs et Compositeurs]] (CISAC).<ref>((cite web|title=Annual Report|url=http://www.cisac.org/CisacPortal/security.do;jsessionid=168D7A4456E8746828AB7E544D31FAF6?method=beforeAuthenticate|publisher=CISAC|year=2012))</ref> SAMRO is involved in CISAC initiatives in Africa, including projects affiliated with the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO),<ref>((cite magazine|last=Coetzer|first=Diane|title=Pay Pal|magazine=Billboard|date=31 January 2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_vawoOB1mBoC&pg=PA14))</ref> and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation ([[UNESCO]]).<ref>((cite web|title=Cultural Diversity in Focus at Convention|url=http://www.samro.org.za/node/277|publisher=SAMRO|date=21 October 2011))</ref> SAMRO is also accredited with [[BIEM]],<ref>((cite web|title=Annual Report|url=http://www.samro.org.za/sites/all/themes/corporateclean/documents/SAMRO's_Annual_Report_2007.pdf|publisher=SAMRO|year=2007))</ref> an organisation co-ordinating statutory license agreements among different countries.

SAMRO is associated with industry trade fairs and music showcases such as [[MIDEM]] in France and the World Music Expo ([[WOMEX]]), as well as with bodies such as the South African Music Export Council (SAMEX).<ref>((cite web|title=Licensed to Play|url=http://www.samro.org.za/node/2193|publisher=SAMRO Foundation|date=January 2013))</ref>

== Controversies ==
In 2019 the Southern African Music Rights Organisation (SAMRO) sued a number of former executives for unlawful enrichment.<ref>((cite news |author1=Ngwako Malatji |title=Musos in trouble with Samro |url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sunday-world-8839/20191110/281500753068440 |access-date=5 July 2023 |work=Sunday World |url-status=live |via=[[PressReader]] |date=10 Nov 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501165740/https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sunday-world-8839/20191110/281500753068440 |archive-date=May 1, 2023 |location=[[South Africa]] |language=en))</ref> According to the lawsuit, the members of the leadership of SAMRO overpaid themselves by more than R1.6 Million rand. [[Sipho Mabuse]], [[Sibongile Khumalo]], [[Loyiso Bala]], [[Arthur Mafokate]], [[Relebogile Mabotja]], [[Gabi Le Roux]], [[Jack Jeremiah Mnisi]], [[Rowlin Naicker]], [[Jordaan Niemand]], [[John Edmond]] and [[Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph]] were alleged to be implicated in the irregular expenditure. 

SAMRO would later become the centre of a scandal regarding the underpayment of royalties to artists, much of this taking place during this leadership's time working for the organisation. <ref>((Cite web |last=Madibogo |first=Julia |title=Artists sign petition to force Samro to pay |url=https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/artists-sign-petition-to-force-samro-to-pay-20201219 |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Citypress |language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=South African collecting society in spotlight after gospel star hits out over underpaid royalties ((!)) Complete Music Update |url=https://completemusicupdate.com/article/south-african-collecting-society-in-spotlight-after-gospel-star-hits-out-over-underpaid-royalties/ |access-date=2022-06-22))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Copyright collective]]
* [[Copyright law of South Africa]]
* [[Performance rights organisation]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((official|https://www.samro.org.za/))

((Greater Johannesburg|media))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Music industry associations]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Johannesburg]]
[[Category:Music organisations based in South Africa]]
[[Category:1961 establishments in South Africa]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1961]]

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