Soyuz TM-8
Spacecraft properties

COSPAR ID	1989-071A
SATCAT no.	20218
Mission duration	166 days, 6 hours, 58 minutes, 15 seconds
Orbits completed	~2,680


Spacecraft	Soyuz 7K-STM No. 58
Spacecraft type	Soyuz-TM
Manufacturer	NPO Energia
Launch mass	7,150 kilograms (15,760 lb)


Crew
Crew size	2
Members	Aleksandr Viktorenko Aleksandr Serebrov
Callsign	Ви́тязь (Vityaz - Knight)


Start of mission
Launch date	5 September 1989, 21:38:03 (1989-09-05UTC21:38:03Z) UTC
Rocket	Soyuz-U2


End of mission
Landing date	19 February 1990, 04:36:18 (1990-02-19UTC04:36:19Z) UTC
Landing site	55 kilometres (34 mi) NE of Arkalyk^[1]


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	390 kilometres (240 mi)
Apogee altitude	392 kilometres (244 mi)
Inclination	51.6 degrees
Period	92.4 minutes


Docking with Mir
Docking date	7 September 1989, 22:25:26: UTC
Undocking date	19 February 1990, 01:06:20 UTC

Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) ← Soyuz TM-7 Soyuz TM-9 →

Soyuz TM-8 was a 1989 spaceflight which carried the fifth long duration crew to the Soviet space station Mir.^[2] It was part of the Soyuz-TM series of spacecraft, which were the fourth generation of the Soviet Soyuz. Soyuz TM-8 was the eighth crewed spaceflight to Mir, and spent 166 days in orbit.

Crew

The crew consisted of two Soviet cosmonauts. They had both been in space, but only Viktorenko had previously been to Mir, which was a 7-day visit during Mir EP-1.^[3]


Position	Crew
Commander	Aleksandr Viktorenko Mir EO-5 Second spaceflight
Flight Engineer	Aleksandr Serebrov Mir EO-5 Third spaceflight

Launch and docking

The Soyuz-U2 rocket was painted with advertisements. During the Soyuz spacecraft's final approach to Mir (4 metre distance), the Kurs rendezvous and docking system malfunctioned, so Viktorenko took over manual control and withdrew to 20 metres, and then docked manually. The spacecraft spent 166 days attached to Mir, for the duration of the expedition Mir EO-5.

Return to Earth

Soyuz TM-8 landed at 04:36 UTC on 19 February 1990, after an uneventful flight to Earth.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b Mark Wade. "Mir EO-5". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 9 April 2007. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
^ The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-TM8.htm
^ Mark Wade. "Mir EP-1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 29 November 2010. Retrieved 6 November 2010.

Soyuz programme

Main topics

Past missions
(by spacecraft type)

Soyuz 7K-OK (1966–1970)	Kosmos 133† Soyuz 7K-OK No.1† (uncrewed) Kosmos 140 Soyuz 1† Kosmos 186 188 212 213 238 Soyuz 2 (uncrewed) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Soyuz 7K-L1 (1967–1970) (Zond lunar programme)	Kosmos 146 154† Zond 1967A† 1967B† Zond 4 1968A† 1968B† 5 6 1969A† Zond-M 1† M 2† Zond 7 8 9 10
Soyuz 7K-L1E (1969–1970)	Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1† Kosmos 382
Soyuz 7K-LOK (1971–1972)	Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1† No.2†
Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971)	Soyuz 10† 11†
Soyuz 7K-T (1972–1981)	Kosmos 496 573 Soyuz 12 Kosmos 613 Soyuz 13 Kosmos 656 Soyuz 14 15† 17 18a† 18 20 (uncrewed) 21 23† 24 25† 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (uncrewed landing) 33† 34 (uncrewed launch) 35 36 37 38 39 40
Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976)	Kosmos 638 672 Soyuz 16 19 (Apollo–Soyuz) 22
Soyuz 7K-S (1974–1976)	Kosmos 670 772† 869†
Soyuz-T (1978–1986)	Kosmos 1001† 1074 Soyuz T-1 (uncrewed) T-2 T-3 T-4 T-5 T-6 T-7 T-8† T-9 T-10a† T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 T-14 T-15
Soyuz-TM (1986–2002)	Soyuz TM-1 (uncrewed) TM-2 TM-3 TM-4 TM-5 TM-6 TM-7 TM-8 TM-9 TM-10 TM-11 TM-12 TM-13 TM-14 TM-15 TM-16 TM-17 TM-18 TM-19 TM-20 TM-21 TM-22 TM-23 TM-24 TM-25 TM-26 TM-27 TM-28 TM-29 TM-30 TM-31 TM-32 TM-33 TM-34
Soyuz-TMA (2002–2012)	Soyuz TMA-1 TMA-2 TMA-3 TMA-4 TMA-5 TMA-6 TMA-7 TMA-8 TMA-9 TMA-10 TMA-11 TMA-12 TMA-13 TMA-14 TMA-15 TMA-16 TMA-17 TMA-18 TMA-19 TMA-20 TMA-21 TMA-22
Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2016)	Soyuz TMA-01M TMA-02M TMA-03M TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M TMA-16M TMA-17M TMA-18M TMA-19M TMA-20M
Soyuz MS (2016–present)	Soyuz MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05 MS-06 MS-07 MS-08 MS-09 MS-10† MS-11 MS-12 MS-13 MS-14 (uncrewed test flight) MS-15 MS-16 MS-17 MS-18 MS-19 MS-20 MS-21 MS-22 (uncrewed landing) MS-23 (uncrewed launch)

Current missions

MS-24

Future missions

2024
- MS-25

Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions.

v t e Human spaceflights to Mir
1986–1990	Soyuz T-15 Soyuz TM-2 Soyuz TM-3 Soyuz TM-4 Soyuz TM-5 Soyuz TM-6 Soyuz TM-7 Soyuz TM-8 Soyuz TM-9 Soyuz TM-10 Soyuz TM-11
1991–1995	Soyuz TM-12 Soyuz TM-13 Soyuz TM-14 Soyuz TM-15 Soyuz TM-16 Soyuz TM-17 Soyuz TM-18 Soyuz TM-19 Soyuz TM-20 STS-63 Soyuz TM-21 STS-71 Soyuz TM-22 STS-74
1996–2000	Soyuz TM-23 STS-76 Soyuz TM-24 STS-79 STS-81 Soyuz TM-25 STS-84 Soyuz TM-26 STS-86 STS-89 Soyuz TM-27 STS-91 Soyuz TM-28 Soyuz TM-29 Soyuz TM-30

v t e ← 1988 · Orbital launches in 1989 · 1990 →
January	Kosmos 1987, Kosmos 1988, Kosmos 1989 Kosmos 1990 Kosmos 1991 Gorizont No.29L Kosmos 1992 Intelsat VA F-15 Kosmos 1993
February	Progress 40 Kosmos 1994, Kosmos 1995, Kosmos 1996, Kosmos 1997, Kosmos 1998, Kosmos 1999 Kosmos 2000 Kosmos 2001 Kosmos 2002 USA-35 Molniya-1 No.84 Kosmos 2003 Akebono Kosmos 2004 Meteor-2 No.22
March	Kosmos 2005 JCSAT-1, Meteosat 4 STS-29 (TDRS-4) Kosmos 2006 Progress 41 Kosmos 2007 Kosmos 2008, Kosmos 2009, Kosmos 2010, Kosmos 2011, Kosmos 2012, Kosmos 2013, Kosmos 2014, Kosmos 2015 USA-36
April	Tele-X Kosmos 2016 Kosmos 2017 Gran' No.33L Kosmos 2018 Foton No.5L
May	STS-30 (Magellan) Kosmos 2019 USA-37 Kosmos 2020 Kosmos 2021 Resurs-F1 No.45, Pion 1, Pion 2 Kosmos 2022, Kosmos 2023, Kosmos 2024
June	Kosmos 2025 Superbird-A, DFS Kopernikus 1 Kosmos 2026 Molniya-3 No.45 Okean-O1 No.4 USA-38 Kosmos 2027 USA-39 Kosmos 2028 Globus No.11 Resurs-F1 No.46
July	Nadezhda No.403 Kosmos 2029 Gorizont No.27L Olympus F1 Kosmos 2030 Resurs-F1 No.47, Pion 3, Pion 4 Kosmos 2031 Kosmos 2032 Kosmos 2033 Kosmos 2034
August	Kosmos 2035 STS-28 (USA-40, USA-41) TV-SAT 2, Hipparcos Resurs-F2 No.4 USA-42 Kosmos 2036 Progress M-1 Marco Polo 1 Kosmos 2037
September	USA-43, USA-44 Himawari 4 Soyuz TM-8 USA-45 Resurs-F1 No.48 Kosmos 2038, Kosmos 2039, Kosmos 2040, Kosmos 2041, Kosmos 2042, Kosmos 2043 Kosmos 2044 Kosmos 2045 USA-46 Molniya-1 No.69 Kosmos 2046 Interkosmos 24, Magion 2 Gorizont No.31L
October	Kosmos 2047 Kosmos 2048 STS-34 (Galileo) USA-47 Meteor-3 No.4 Intelsat VI F-2
November	Kosmos 2049 COBE STS-33 (USA-48) Kosmos 2050 Kosmos 2051 Kvant 2 Molniya-3 No.46 Kosmos 2052
December	Granat USA-49 Gran' No.36L Progress M-2 Kosmos 2053 Kosmos 2054
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Cubesats are smaller. Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).