Steinberg is a German and Ashkenazi Jewish surname. Variants: Shteinberg, Steinbarg. Notable people with the surname include:

Music

• Billy Steinberg, American songwriter
• Elliot Easton (born Elliot Steinberg, 1953), American musician
• Lewie Steinberg, American bassist in the band Booker T. & the M.G.'s
• Maximilian Steinberg (1883–1946), Lithuanian-Russian composer
• Michael Steinberg (music critic) (1928–2009), American music critic and musicologist
• Michael P. Steinberg, American historian
• Pinchas Steinberg (born 1945), Israeli conductor
• Sebastian Steinberg (born 1959), American bassist in the band Soul Coughing
• Simon Steinberg (1887–1955), Ukrainian composer
• William Steinberg (1899–1978), German-American conductor
• Lev Steinberg (1870–1945), Russian conductor and composer
• Karl Steinberg (born 1952), German founder of the musical software company Steinberg

Culture

• David Steinberg (born 1942), Canadian comedian, actor, director, and writer
• David I. Steinberg, American historian of Asia
• Flo Steinberg, American independent comic book publisher
• Hans H. Steinberg (born 1950), German actor
• Jacob Steinberg (1887–1947), Israeli poet
• Jonathan Steinberg (1934–2021), American historian of Germany
• Joshua Steinberg (1839–1908), Lithuanian-Russian writer and educator
• Leo Steinberg (1920–2011), American art historian
• Michael Steinberg (filmmaker), American film director and producer
• Morleigh Steinberg (born 1964), American dancer and choreographer
• Neil Steinberg, American columnist
• Saul Steinberg (1914–1999), Romanian-American cartoonist, notably for the New Yorker
• Susan Steinberg (author) American author and artist (painter)
• Susan Steinberg (producer) American television writer/ producer / director

Science

• Deborah Lynn Steinberg, British sociologist
• Gerald M. Steinberg, Israeli political scientist
• Hannah Steinberg (1926–2019), British psychopharmacologist
• Robert Steinberg, American mathematician
• Rudolf Steinberg (born 1943), German professor, president of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University
• Malcolm S. Steinberg (1930–2012), American biologist

Other people

• Alexander “Sasha” Hedges Steinberg, American drag queen, artist, actor and producer known as Sasha Velour
• Annie Sprinkle (Born Ellen F. Steinberg, 1954), American pornographic actress sex educator and former prostitute
• Darrell Steinberg (born 1959), Mayor of the city of Sacramento, California
• Erna Steinberg (1911–2001), German Olympic sprinter
• Gerry Steinberg (1945–2015), British politician
• Isaac Nachman Steinberg, (1888–1957) left-revolutionary-politician, lawyer and writer
• James B. Steinberg, American politician (Deputy Secretary of State)
• Joel Steinberg (born 1941), American attorney convicted of manslaughter
• Joseph Steinberg (1883–1932), New York politician
• Judith Steinberg Dean (born 1953), American physician and former First Lady of Vermont
• Leigh Steinberg (born 1949), American sports agent
• Leonard Steinberg, Baron Steinberg (1936–2009), British businessman
• Mark Steinberg American sports agent (for Tiger Woods)
• Max Steinberg (soldier) (1989–2014), American-Israeli IDF lone soldier killed in the 2014 Gaza War
• Melvin Steinberg (born 1933), American politician
• Sam Steinberg (1905–1978), Canadian supermarket magnate
• Saul Steinberg (business) (1939–2012), American investor

Fictional characters

• Charlie "Chuck" and Ruth “Ruthie” Steinberg, siblings in the 2019 film Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark