Sticky platelet syndrome
SpecialtyHematology

Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a heritable disorder of platelet function in which platelet hyperaggregation leads to hypercoagulability.[1][2][3][4][5] It was first described by Mammen in 1983.[6] It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.[7] It has not been associated with a specific gene, and it is not recognized as an entity in OMIM.

It can present in conjunction with protein S deficiency and factor V Leiden.[8] It is not currently known if sticky platelet syndrome is a distinct condition, or if it represents part of the presentation of a more well characterized coagulation disorder.

SPS has not been widely studied[9] and is not widely known.[10]

Signs and symptoms

Symptoms are related to hypercoagulability,[9] usually presenting as venous thromboembolisms, arterial thrombosis,[9] myocardial infarction, angina, and stroke.[1]

Cause

The syndrome is believed to be hereditary.[11]

Diagnosis

SPS is diagnosed by demonstrating platelet hyperaggregability. In a lab test called aggregometry, platelet stickiness is stimulated with epinephrine (EPI) and/or adenosine diphosphate (ADP).[12] This test is not possible for patients being treated with acetylsalicylic acid until that substance has sufficiently cleared from their system.[citation needed]

Treatment

Treatment usually consists of a daily low dose (80–100 mg) of aspirin.[13] Anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin) or antiplatelets (clopidogrel) are often additionally prescribed following formation of a medically significant clot. Thrombelastography is more commonly being used to diagnose hypercoagulability and monitor anti-platelet therapy.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ a b Mammen EF (1999). "Sticky platelet syndrome". Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis. 25 (4): 361–365. doi:10.1055/s-2007-994939. PMID 10548069.
  2. ^ Frenkel EP, Mammen EF (February 2003). "Sticky platelet syndrome and thrombocythemia". Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America. 17 (1): 63–83. doi:10.1016/S0889-8588(02)00096-5. PMID 12627663.
  3. ^ Mears KA, Van Stavern GP (July 2009). "Bilateral simultaneous anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy associated with Sticky Platelet Syndrome". The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 93 (7): 885–6, 913. doi:10.1136/bjo.2008.142919. PMID 18662911. S2CID 42202617.
  4. ^ Mammen EF, Barnhart MI, Selik NR, Gilroy J, Klepach GL (1988). ""Sticky platelet syndrome": a congenital platelet abnormality predisposing to thrombosis?". Folia Haematologica. 115 (3): 361–365. PMID 2465231.
  5. ^ Mühlfeld AS, Ketteler M, Schwamborn K, Eitner F, Schneider B, Gladziwa U, et al. (July 2007). "Sticky platelet syndrome: an underrecognized cause of graft dysfunction and thromboembolic complications in renal transplant recipients". American Journal of Transplantation. 7 (7): 1865–1868. doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01835.x. PMID 17532753.
  6. ^ Bick RL (2006). Hematological complications in obstetrics, pregnancy, and gynecology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-521-83953-2.
  7. ^ McKay R, Gambling DR (2008). Obstetric anesthesia and uncommon disorders. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 308. ISBN 978-0-521-87082-5.
  8. ^ Chaturvedi S, Dzieczkowski JS (1999). "Protein S deficiency, activated protein C resistance and sticky platelet syndrome in a young woman with bilateral strokes". Cerebrovascular Diseases. 9 (2): 127–130. doi:10.1159/000015911. PMID 9973658. S2CID 35754773.
  9. ^ a b c Stasko J, Holly P, Kubisz P (January 2022). "A new decade awaits sticky platelet syndrome: where are we now, how do we manage and what are the complications?". Expert Review of Hematology. 15 (1): 53–63. doi:10.1080/17474086.2022.2030217. PMID 35034520. S2CID 246905075.
  10. ^ Solis-Jimenez F, Hinojosa-Heredia H, García-Covarrubias L, Soto-Abraham V, Valdez-Ortiz R (2018). "Sticky Platelet Syndrome: An Unrecognized Cause of Acute Thrombosis and Graft Loss". Case Reports in Nephrology. 2018: 3174897. doi:10.1155/2018/3174897. PMC 5937576. PMID 29850310.
  11. ^ Bick RL (April 2006). "Hereditary and acquired thrombophilic disorders". Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. 12 (2): 125–135. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.6752. doi:10.1177/107602960601200201. PMID 16708115. S2CID 42478313.
  12. ^ Weber M, Gerdsen F, Gutensohn K, Schoder V, Eifrig B, Hossfeld DK (September 2002). "Enhanced platelet aggregation with TRAP-6 and collagen in platelet aggregometry in patients with venous thromboembolism". Thrombosis Research. 107 (6): 325–328. doi:10.1016/S0049-3848(02)00351-1. PMID 12565719.
  13. ^ Mammen EF (1999). "Sticky platelet syndrome". Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis. 25 (4): 361–365. doi:10.1055/s-2007-994939. PMID 10548069.
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