System of detailed crystal structure classification
In crystallography, a Strukturbericht designation or Strukturbericht type is a system of detailed crystal structure classification by analogy to another known structure. The designations were intended to be comprehensive but are mainly used as supplement to space group crystal structures designations, especially historically.[1][2] Each Strukturbericht designation is described by a single space group, but the designation includes additional information about the positions of the individual atoms, rather than just the symmetry of the crystal structure. While Strukturbericht symbols exist for many of the earliest observed and most common crystal structures, the system is not comprehensive, and is no longer being updated. Modern databases such as Inorganic Crystal Structure Database index thousands of structure types directly by the prototype compound (i.e. "the NaCl structure" instead of "the B1 structure").[3] These are essentially equivalent to the old Stukturbericht designations.
History
The designations were established by the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials, which published its first round of supplemental reviews under the name Strukturbericht from 1913-1928.[4] These reports were collected into a book published in 1931 by Paul Peter Ewald and Carl Hermann which became Volume 1 of Strukturbericht.[5] While the series was continued after the war under the name Structure reports, which was published through 1990,[6] the series stopped generating new symbols. Instead, some new additional designations were given in books by Smithels,[7] and Pearson.[8]
For the first volume, the designation consisted of a capital letter (A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,L,M,O) specifying a broad category of compounds, and then a number to specify a particular crystal structure. In the second volume, subscript numbers were added, some early symbols were modified (e.g. what was initially D1 became D01, noted in the tables below as "D1 → D01"), and the categories were modified (types I,K,S were added). In the third volume, the class I was renamed J. Later designations began to use a lower case letter in subscripts as well.[9]
A-compounds
The 'A' compounds are reserved for structures made up of atoms of all the same chemical element.
B-compounds
'B' designates compounds of two elements with equal numbers of atoms.
C-compounds
'C' designates compounds of the stoichiometry AB2.
D-compounds
'D' designates compounds of arbitrary stoichiometry. Originally, D1-D10 were set aside for stoichiometry AB3, D11-D20 for stoichiometry ABn for n > 3, D31-D50 for (ABn)2, and D51 up for the AmBn for arbitrary m and n.[9]
L-compounds
'L' designates intermetallic compounds.
L compounds
| Strukturbericht designation
|
Diagram
|
Prototype
|
Space group
|
Description
|
| L10
|
|
CuAu
|
P4/mmm
|
|
| L11
|
|
CuPt
|
R3m
|
|
| L12
|
|
Cu3Au
|
Pm3m
|
Cu3Au structure
|
| L13
|
|
CdPt3
|
Cmmm
|
|
| L1a
|
|
CuPt3
|
|
|
| L21
|
|
AlCu2Mn
|
Fm3m
|
Heusler compounds
|
| L22
|
|
Sb2Tl7
|
Im3m
|
|
| L2a
|
|
𝛿-CuTi
|
P4/mmm
|
|
| L60
|
|
CuTi3
|
P4/mmm
|
|
| L'1
|
|
Fe4N
|
Pm3m
|
|
| L'12
|
|
AlF3C
|
|
Perovskite structure
|
| L'2
|
|
ThH2
|
I4/mmm
|
|
| L'2b
|
|
ThH2
|
I4/mmm
|
|
| L'3 → B81
|
|
Fe2N
|
|
|
| L'32
|
|
β-V2N
|
P31m
|
|
| L60
|
|
Ti3Cu
|
P4/mmm
|
|
| L10 → L10
|
|
|
|
|
| L'10 → L'1
|
|
|
|
|
| L11 → L11
|
|
|
|
|
| L12 → L12
|
|
|
|
|
| L13 → L13
|
|
|
|
|
| L20 → B2
|
|
|
|
|
| L'20 → L'2
|
|
|
|
|
| L21 → L21
|
|
|
|
|
| L22 → L22
|
|
|
|
|
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