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((more citations needed|date=June 2018))
((Use Canadian English|date=May 2011))
((Use dmy dates|date=August 2022))
((Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name = Susanna Moodie
| image = SusannahMoodie.jpeg
|image_size = 200px
| caption = 
| birth_name = Susannah Strickland
| birth_date = ((birth date|1803|12|6|df=y))
| birth_place = [[Bungay]], [[River Waveney]], Suffolk
| death_date = ((death date and age|1885|4|8|1803|12|6|df=y))
| death_place = [[Toronto]], Ontario
| occupation = Author
| spouse = [[John Wedderburn Dunbar Moodie]] (m. 1831)
| children = 7 (2 of whom died in childhood)<ref>[http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/moodie_john_wedderburn_dunbar_9E.html#:~:text=They%20were%20married%20on%204,of%20whom%20died%20as%20children). Biography], biographi.ca. Accessed 13 January 2023.</ref>
))

'''Susanna Moodie''' (((nee)) '''Strickland'''; 6 December 1803 – 8 April 1885) was an English-born Canadian author who wrote about her experiences as a settler in Canada,<ref>((cite web| url = https://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/roughing-it-with-moodie-and-traill| title = CBC Archives))</ref> which was a British colony at the time.<ref>((cite book|last=Ballstadt|first=Carl|title=Letters of a Lifetime|year=1993|publisher=University of Toronto Press|location=Toronto|isbn=0-8020-2580-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/lettersoflifetim0000mood/page/257 257]|display-authors=etal|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/lettersoflifetim0000mood/page/257))</ref>

==Family==
Susanna Moodie was born in [[Bungay]], on the [[River Waveney]] in [[Suffolk]]. She was one of the youngest sister in a family of writers, including [[Agnes Strickland]], [[Jane Margaret Strickland]] and [[Catharine Parr Traill]].<ref>Rosemary Mitchell, 'Strickland, Agnes (1796–1874)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26663, accessed 26 May 2015]</ref>

==Early career==
She wrote her first children's book in 1822 and published other children's stories in London, including books about [[Spartacus]] and [[Jugurtha]]. In London she was also involved in the [[abolitionist]] organization [[Anti-Slavery Society (1823–1838)|Anti-Slavery Society]], transcribing the narrative of the former Caribbean slave [[Mary Prince]].<ref>
((cite book
| last = Davies
| first = Carole
| title = Encyclopedia of the African Diaspora: origins, experiences, and culture. N-Z, Volume 1
| publisher = ABC-CLIO
| year = 2008
| location = Santa Barbara, California
| page = 770))</ref> 

==Marriage and move to Upper Canada==

On 4 April 1831, she married [[John Wedderburn Dunbar Moodie|John Moodie]], a retired officer who had served in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].

In 1832, with her husband, a British Army officer,<ref>((cite web|title=Susanna Strickland Moodie|date=2 December 2023 |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Susanna-Strickland-Moodie))</ref> and daughter, Moodie immigrated to [[Upper Canada]]. The family settled on a farm in [[Douro-Dummer|Douro]] township, near [[Selwyn, Ontario|Lakefield]], north of [[Peterborough, Ontario|Peterborough]], where her brother Samuel Strickland (1804–1867) worked as a surveyor, and where artifacts are housed in a museum. Founded by Samuel, the museum was formerly an [[Anglican]] church and overlooks the [[Otonabee River]] where Susanna once canoed. It also displays artifacts concerning Samuel, as well as her elder sister and fellow writer Catharine, who married a friend of John Moodie's and immigrated to the same area a few weeks before Susanna and John.

Moodie continued to write in Canada, and her letters and journals contain valuable information about life in the colony. She observed life in what was then the backwoods of [[Ontario]], including [[First Nations in Canada|native]] customs, the climate, the wildlife, relations between the Canadian population and recent American settlers, and the strong sense of community and the communal work, known as "bees" (which she, incidentally, hated). She suffered through the [[economic depression]] in 1836, and her husband served in the [[militia]] against [[William Lyon Mackenzie]] in the [[Upper Canada Rebellion]] in 1837.

As a [[middle class|middle-class]] Englishwoman, Moodie did not particularly enjoy "the bush", as she called it. In 1840, she and her husband moved to [[Belleville, Ontario|Belleville]], which she referred to as "the clearings." She studied the [[Family Compact]] and became sympathetic to the moderate reformers led by [[Robert Baldwin]], while remaining critical of radical reformers such as William Lyon Mackenzie. This caused problems for her husband, who shared her views, but, as sheriff of Belleville, had to work with members and supporters of the Family Compact.

==Memoirist==

In 1852, she published the [[memoir]] ''[[Roughing it in the Bush]]'', detailing her experiences on the farm in the 1830s. In 1853, she published her second memoir, ''Life in the Clearings Versus the Bush'', about her time in Belleville. She remained in Belleville, living with various family members (particularly her son Robert) after her husband's death, and lived to see [[Canadian Confederation]]. She died in [[Toronto]], Ontario on 8 April 1885 and is buried in [[Belleville Cemetery]].

Her greatest literary success was ''Roughing it in the Bush''. The inspiration for the memoir came from a suggestion by her editor that she write an "emigrant's guide" for British people looking to move to Canada. Moodie wrote of the trials and tribulations she found as a "New Canadian", rather than the advantages to be had in the colony. She claimed that her intention was not to discourage immigrants but to prepare people like herself, raised in relative wealth and with no prior experience as farmers, for what life in Canada would be like.

==Family legacy in illustration==
Moodie taught her daughter [[Agnes Dunbar Moodie Fitzgibbon|Agnes]] how to paint flowers and Agnes later illustrated ''Canadian Wild Flowers'', published in 1868.<ref>((cite web |url=http://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=69 |title=Fitzgibbon, Agnes Dunbar Moodie |work=Canadian Women Artists History Initiative))</ref>

===Recognition===
Moodie's books and poetry inspired [[Margaret Atwood]]'s collection of poetry, ''[[The Journals of Susanna Moodie]]'', published in 1970. It was also an important influence on one of Atwood's later novels, ''[[Alias Grace]]'', based on an account of murder convict [[Grace Marks]] which appeared in ''Life in the Clearings Versus the Bush''. She has also been a source of inspiration for [[Carol Shields]], who published a critical analysis of Moodie's work, ''Susanna Moodie: Voice and Vision''. Additionally, the central character of Shields' novel, ''Small Ceremonies'', is working on a biography of Moodie.

====Commemorative postage stamp====
On 8 September 2003, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the [[National Library of Canada]], [[Canada Post]] released a special commemorative series, "The Writers of Canada", with a design by Katalina Kovats, featuring two English-Canadian and two French-Canadian stamps. Three million stamps were issued. Moodie and her sister [[Catherine Parr Traill]] were featured on one of the English-Canadian stamps.<ref>"[http://www.canadapost.ca/cpo/mc/personal/collecting/stamps/archives/2003/2003_sept_library.jsf 50th Anniversary of the National Library / Canadian Authors] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090923135433/http://www.canadapost.ca/cpo/mc/personal/collecting/stamps/archives/2003/2003_sept_library.jsf |date=23 September 2009 ))," Canada Post, Web, 28 March 2011.</ref>

==Bibliography==
[[File:The sailor brother, or, The history of Thomas Saville - an interesting tale (1825) (14762799532).jpg|thumb|''The sailor brother'']]

===Novels===
* ''Mark Hurdlestone'' – 1853
* ''Flora Lyndsay'' – 1854
* ''Matrimonial Speculations'' – 1854
* ''Geoffrey Moncton'' – 1855
* ''The World Before Them'' – 1868

===Poetry===
* ''Patriotic Songs'' – 1830 (with Agnes Strickland)
* ''Enthusiasm and Other Poems'' – 1831

===Children's books===
* ''Spartacus'' – 1822
* ''The Little Quaker''
* ''The Sailor Brother''
* ''The Little Prisoner''
* ''Hugh Latimer'' – 1828
* ''Rowland Massingham''
* ''Profession and Principle''
* ''George Leatrim'' – 1875

===Memoirs===
* ''[[Roughing it in the Bush]]'' – 1852
* ''Life in the Backwoods''; A Sequel to ''Roughing It in the Bush''
* ''Life in the Clearings Versus the Bush'' – 1853

===Letters===
* ''Letters of a Lifetime'' – 1985 (edited by Carl Ballstadt, Elizabeth Hopkins, and Michael Peterman)

== References ==
((Reflist))

== External links ==
((Library resources box|by=yes|onlinebooks=yes|viaf=20989))
* ((Wikisource author-inline))
* ((Wikiquote-inline))
* ((Commonscatinline))
* [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=5854 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online'']
* ((Gutenberg author |id=2656 | name=Susanna Moodie))
* ((FadedPage|id=Moodie, Susanna|name=Susanna Moodie|author=yes))
* ((Internet Archive author |sname=Susanna Moodie))
* ((Librivox author |id=1614))
* Moodie, Susanna. [http://www.torontopubliclibrary.ca/detail.jsp?Entt=RDMDC-37131055424709D&R=DC-37131055424709D Life in the clearings versus the bush]. London : Richard Bentley, 1853. Accessed 18 July 2012, in PDF format.
* [http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/warner/warner.html Ashton Warner – Slave Narrative of St Vincent, British West Indies 1831]
* Records collection related to Susanna Moddie [http://central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.redirect?app=fonandcol&id=101702&lang=eng (Susanna Moodie collection, R10880)] are held at [[Library and Archives Canada]]
* Archives related to Susanna Moodie and her family [http://central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.redirect?app=fonandcol&id=3672163&lang=eng (Moddie, Strickland, Vickers, Ewing family fonds, R11782)] are held at [[Library and Archives Canada]]

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Moodie, Susanna))
[[Category:1803 births]]
[[Category:1885 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian women writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian poets]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian novelists]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian short story writers]]
[[Category:19th-century British short story writers]]
[[Category:19th-century English memoirists]]
[[Category:19th-century English novelists]]
[[Category:19th-century English poets]]
[[Category:19th-century English women writers]]
[[Category:19th-century letter writers]]
[[Category:Canadian children's writers]]
[[Category:Canadian women short story writers]]
[[Category:Canadian women novelists]]
[[Category:Canadian women poets]]
[[Category:English emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario]]
[[Category:English women writers]]
[[Category:English short story writers]]
[[Category:British women short story writers]]
[[Category:Victorian women writers]]
[[Category:Victorian writers]]
[[Category:People from Bungay]]
[[Category:Immigrants to Upper Canada]]
[[Category:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)]]
[[Category:British women memoirists]]
[[Category:Canadian women children's writers]]
[[Category:English abolitionists]]
[[Category:Women letter writers]]
[[Category:English letter writers]]

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