Suzdal Kremlin

UNESCO World Heritage Site
Exterior view
Location	Suzdal, Russia
Part of	"Kremlin of Suzdal and Cathedral of the Nativity" part of White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal
Criteria	Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)
Reference	633-006
Inscription	1992 (16th Session)
Coordinates	56°25′N 40°26′E / 56.417°N 40.433°E / 56.417; 40.433
Location of Suzdal Kremlin in European Russia

The Suzdal Kremlin (Russian: Суздальский кремль) is the oldest part of the city of Suzdal, Russia, dating from the 10th century.^[1] Like other Russian kremlins, it was originally a fortress or citadel which was the religious and administrative center of the city. It is most notably the site of the Cathedral of the Nativity.

Together with several structures in the neighboring city of Vladimir, it was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992.^[2]

History

While archeological evidence suggests that the Suzdal Kremlin was settled as early as the 10th century, the fortress itself was built in the late 11th or early 12th century. The fortress was strategically located on a bend of the Kamenka river on three sides and a moat to the east. It was surrounded by earthen ramparts that remain to the present day.^[3] A settlement (posad Russian: посад) to the east became home to the secular population - shopkeepers and craftsmen, while the Kremlin proper was the home of the prince, the archbishop, and the high clergy.^[1][2]

From the 13th to the 16th centuries, several monasteries and churches were constructed, including the Cathedral of the Nativity, the Intercession Convent [ru], and the Monastery of Our Saviour and St. Euthymius.^[2][4]