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((Short description|Former UK mobile network))
((Redirect|One 2 One|the band sometimes known by that name|One to One (band)))
((More citations needed|date=May 2015))
((Infobox company
| name = T-Mobile UK
| logo = T-Mobile logo.svg
| logo_size = 
| logo_caption = 
| type = [[Brand]]
| industry = [[Telecommunication]]s
| fate = Merged with [[Orange UK]]
| predecessor = 
| successor = [[EE Limited|EE]]
| founded = ((start date and age|1993|09|07|df=yes)) ((small|(as Mercury One2One)))
| founder = 
| defunct = ((start date and age|2010|05|11|df=yes)) ((small|(as a company)))<br />((start date and age|2015|02|df=yes)) ((small|(as a brand)))
| hq_location_city = 
| hq_location_country = 
| area_served = [[United Kingdom]]
| key_people = 
| products = Mobile telecommunications products and services
| owner = 
| num_employees = 
| num_employees_year =
| parent = 
| website = ((url|www.t-mobile.co.uk))
))

'''T-Mobile UK''' was a [[mobile network operator]] in the [[United Kingdom|UK]]. First launched as '''Mercury One2One''' (stylised '''one2one''') on 7 September 1993,<ref>((Cite web |title=Mercury one2one |url=https://www.engagingwithcommunications.com/publications/THG_Papers/Mercury_one2one/mercury_one2one.html |website=engagingwithcommunications.com))</ref> the network was originally operated by [[Mercury Communications]]. one2one was purchased by [[Deutsche Telekom]] in 1999, who rebranded it with their global ''[[T-Mobile International AG|T-Mobile]]'' brand name in 2002.<ref>((Cite web |title=One 2 One to rebrand as T-Mobile |url=https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/one-2-one-rebrand-t-mobile/14439 |website=campaignlive.co.uk))</ref>

In 1999, one2one became the world's first network to provide wireless network infrastructure to a [[mobile virtual network operator]] when [[Virgin Mobile (UK)|Virgin Mobile]] was launched as a joint venture between one2one and [[Virgin Group]].<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/1999/11/11/virgin_shakes_up_mobile_market/|title=Virgin shakes up mobile market with One2One deal|last=at 15:26|first=Linda Harrison 11 Nov 1999|website=www.theregister.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2019-10-29))</ref>

In 2010, it merged with [[Orange UK]] to form a joint venture, [[EE Limited|Everything Everywhere]], which continued to operate the T-Mobile and Orange brands until March 2015 and allowed T-Mobile customers to utilise Orange's 2G signal and vice versa.

In 2012, Everything Everywhere launched their new network branding as ''[[EE (network)|EE]]''. T-Mobile sims remain fully supported by EE, who are ultimately owned by BT since they acquired the company in January 2016 for £12.5 billion.<ref name=":0">((Cite web|title=EE is Now Part of BT ((!)) Business Help ((!)) EE Business|url=https://business.ee.co.uk/help/ee-getting-started/ee-is-now-part-of-bt-small-business/|access-date=2021-06-06|website=business.ee.co.uk))</ref><ref name=":1">((Cite web|last=Bicheno|first=Scott|date=2016-01-29|title=BT officially completes EE acquisition|url=https://telecoms.com/463852/bt-officially-completes-ee-acquisition/|access-date=2021-06-06|website=Telecoms.com|language=en-GB))</ref><ref name=":2">((Cite web|date=2016-01-15|title=BT's £12.5bn EE takeover gets green light|url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jan/15/bt-ee-takeover-green-light-cma|access-date=2021-06-06|website=The Guardian|language=en))</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Hatfield T-Mobile.jpg|thumb|right|T-Mobile at Hatfield Business Park.]]
[[File:T Mobile - Market Place (geograph 2075615).jpg|thumb|upright|T-Mobile shop in [[Pontefract]].]]
((anchor|one2one))
The network was originally launched as ''Mercury One2One'', a GSM mobile network operated by the now-defunct [[Mercury Communications]].<ref>((Cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3457/is_n36_v11/ai_14396845 |title=Mercury One-2-One challenges the U.K. Cellular competition &#124; Mobile P… |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709020051/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3457/is_n36_v11/ai_14396845 |archive-date=9 July 2012 |url-status=dead))</ref> It was the world's first GSM 1800 network<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.gsmworld.com/about-us/history.htm |title=About Us |publisher=Gsmworld.com |access-date=2015-04-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519093843/http://gsmworld.com/about-us/history.htm |archive-date=2011-05-19 ))</ref> when it was launched in September 1993. It was later rebranded as simply ''One2One'', when it was operated for a short time as a joint venture between [[Cable & Wireless plc]] and American cable provider [[MediaOne|Mediaone Group]], which had a number of investments in Britain dating back to its days as the [[US West|US West Media Group]]. During this time One2One used a high-profile TV campaign featuring celebrities such as [[Ian Wright]],<ref>((Cite web |date=1998-11-01 |title=Wright's ad for One-to-One is right on |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/wright-s-ad-for-onetoone-is-right-on-1181997.html |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=The Independent |language=en))</ref> [[Kate Moss]] and [[John McCarthy (journalist)|John McCarthy]].

The network was purchased by Deutsche Telekom in 1999<ref>((cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/413371.stm | work=BBC News | title=One 2 One sale agreed | date=6 August 1999 | access-date=27 March 2010))</ref> and rebranded as ''T-Mobile'' in summer 2002.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.brandrepublic.com/news/14439/one-2-one-rebrand-tmobile/ |title=One 2 One to rebrand as T-Mobile |publisher=Brand Republic |access-date=2015-04-30))</ref>

T-Mobile offered both [[prepaid mobile phone|pay-as-you-go]] and pay-monthly contract phones. The pay-monthly contracts consisted of set numbers of minutes and 'flexible boosters' which allow the customer to change them month to month depending on their needs. Prior to this T-Mobile had a contract option known as 'Flext' which gave the user an amount of money to use for calls, texts, MMS and mobile internet as necessary. This was withdrawn in early 2010. There is no warning when pay-monthly customers exceed their monthly inclusive limit, leading to unexpectedly large bills.<ref>((cite web |author=on 1/25/2010 10:11:00 AM |url=http://www.mobiletoday.co.uk/News/8971/T-Mobile_confirms_tariff_revamp.aspx |title=T-Mobile confirms tariff revamp |publisher=Mobile Today |date=2010-01-25 |access-date=2015-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214122234/http://www.mobiletoday.co.uk/News/8971/T-Mobile_confirms_tariff_revamp.aspx |archive-date=2015-02-14 |url-status=dead ))</ref> T-Mobile launched their 3G [[Universal Mobile Telecommunications System|UMTS]] services in the Autumn of 2003.

On 12 December 2007, it was confirmed that a [[mergers and acquisitions|merger]] of the high-speed [[3G]] and [[High-Speed Downlink Packet Access|HSDPA]] networks operated by T-Mobile UK and [[Hutchison 3G|3]] was to take place starting January 2008. This resulted in T-Mobile and 3 having the largest HSDPA mobile phone network in the country, with HSDPA access initially restricted to Web'n'Walk Plus customers and above.

===Merger with Orange UK===
[[File:Orange and T.Mobile shops in Leeds.JPG|thumb|T-Mobile and Orange shops in [[Leeds]] in 2009. The T-Mobile store later closed with the Orange store converting to EE branding.]]
On 8 September 2009 [[Orange S.A.|France Télécom]]'s [[Orange UK|Orange]] and T-Mobile parent [[Deutsche Telekom]] announced they were in advanced talks to merge their UK operations to create the largest mobile operator with 37% of the market. The long-term future of either brand was unclear, though EE stated that both would be retained for the first eighteen months at least.<ref>((cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8243226.stm | title=T-Mobile and Orange in UK merger | access-date=2009-10-14 | date=2009-09-08 | work=BBC News))</ref> In 2013, parent company EE began to withdraw the T-Mobile brand, with the website closed and redirected to EE. As of February 2015, new T-Mobile connections are no longer possible for new customers, T-Mobile active sims remain supported by EE.

[[Consumer Futures|Consumer Focus]] and the [[Communications Consumer Panel]] sent a joint letter to the then Competition Commissioner [[Neelie Kroes]] in December 2009 asking for the merger to be investigated by authorities in the [[United Kingdom]], rather than [[Brussels]].<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.consumerfocus.org.uk/news/co-signed-letter-to-european-competition-commissioner-in-relation-to-joint-venture-between-orange-and-t-mobile |title=Co-signed letter to European Competition Commissioner in relation to joint venture between Orange and T-Mobile – Consumer Focus |publisher=Consumerfocus.org.uk |date=2009-12-21 |access-date=2015-04-30))</ref> The British [[Office of Fair Trading]] joined this call by asking the EU to allow it to investigate the proposed deal in February 2010, saying that it believed the merger could have a 'significant' effect on competition.<ref>((cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8243226.stm | title=Orange and T-Mobile deal 'threatens competition' | access-date=1 March 2010 | date=3 February 2010 | work=BBC News))</ref>
On 1 March 2010 the European Commission approved the merger, on the condition that the combined company sell 25% of the spectrum it owns on the 1800&nbsp;MHz radio band and amend a network sharing agreement with smaller rival [[Hutchison 3G|3]].<ref>((cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8243226.stm | title=Orange and T-Mobile cleared for mobile merger by EU| access-date=1 March 2010 | date=1 March 2010 | work=BBC News))</ref>
On 1 April 2010 Deutsche Telekom and France Télécom finalised the deal and completed the merger of their UK based operations, causing Orange UK and T-Mobile UK to cease to exist as companies, although they continued as brands.<ref>((cite web|url=http://androinica.com/2010/04/t-mobile-uk-and-orange-uk-complete-merger/ |title=T-Mobile UK and Orange UK complete merger |publisher=Androinica.com |date=2010-04-01 |access-date=2015-04-30))</ref>

On 11 May 2010 it was announced that both the Orange and T-Mobile brands would remain on British high streets, although their new merged parent company will be called EE.<ref name=":1" />

In September 2012, T-Mobile's parent company EE announced that all Orange and T-Mobile stores were to be re-branded as 'EE' stores by 30 October 2012, the launch date of their 4G network, offering products from all three brands of the company. As a result, there are around 700 EE stores open in the UK. As of February 2015, EE stores only offer EE products, with T-Mobile services withdrawn.

T-Mobile's UK network was also used as the backbone network behind [[Virgin Mobile UK]] (the world's first [[mobile virtual network operator|virtual mobile operator]]), for both 2G and 3G signals. Post-merger, Virgin Mobile continued to run on the EE network until they migrated to Vodafone.<ref>((Cite web|title=Sim Sherpa|url=https://www.simsherpa.com/networks/compare/virgin-mobile-vs-ee#:~:text=Virgin%20now%20use%20the%20Vodafone,Virgin's%20basic%20calls%20and%20texts.|access-date=6 June 2021))</ref>

On 26 March 2014 the T-Mobile UK website was closed and redirected to the EE website (although it now redirects to the Deutsche Telekom website). In February 2015, T-Mobile UK and Orange UK tariffs were no longer offered to new or upgrading customers. Existing T-Mobile UK plans continue to use EE's 2G and 3G networks.

In January 2016 BT acquired EE for £12.5 billion.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

===Mobile broadband fair use policy change===
Effective 1 February 2011 T-Mobile UK lowered their fair-use capacity limit on Internet usage from 3GB to 500MB per month and clarified that Internet access using their mobile broadband service in reality only allows browsing the Internet using static websites. T-Mobile says:

''"Browsing means looking at websites and checking email, but not watching videos, downloading files or playing games. We've got a fair use policy but ours means that you'll always be able to browse the Internet, it's only when you go over the fair use amount that you won't be able to download, stream and watch video clips."''<ref name="techdirt.com">((Cite news|url=http://www.techdirt.com/blog/wireless/articles/20110110/14253812597/t-mobile-uk-decides-mobile-broadband-shouldnt-actually-be-used-mobile-broadband.shtml|title= T-Mobile UK Decides Mobile Broadband Shouldn't Actually Be Used For Mobile Broadband|date=2011-01-11|work=Techdirt.com|access-date=2011-01-17))</ref>

This will effectively limit customers ability to use services such as Video chat/conference, Online streaming radio/TV news etc. or accessing e-mail attachments and playing online games or even downloading updates.

The initial reports were that this was for all users, but after threats of contract breaches it was announced that it would apply to new and upgrading customers only - existing contracts would be honoured.

==2009 data breach==
In November 2009, T-Mobile UK was the subject of an investigation by the [[Information Commissioner's Office]] following the involvement of some T-Mobile employees in the illegal trade of [[Personally identifiable information|personal data]] of millions of customers, in breach of the [[Data Protection Act 1998]].<ref name="ukdata">((cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8364421.stm | title=T-Mobile staff sold personal data | date=17 November 2009 | work=BBC News | access-date=17 November 2009))</ref><ref name="ico-pr09">((cite news|url=http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/pressreleases/2009/mobile_phone_records_s55_171109.pdf |title=Mobile phone customers' records are sold illegally |date=17 November 2009 |publisher=Information Commissioner's Office |access-date=17 November 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091122083407/http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/pressreleases/2009/mobile_phone_records_s55_171109.pdf |archive-date=November 22, 2009 ))</ref>

On 17 November 2009, T-Mobile admitted that it faced a consumer backlash after it was revealed that due to its own lax data security controls an employee had been selling customer data to third party companies.<ref name="gu09">((cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2009/nov/17/t-mobile-phone-data-privacy|title=T-Mobile confirms biggest phone customer data breach|first=Richard|last=Wray|date=17 November 2009|access-date=13 October 2017|website=Theguardian.com))</ref> The mobile operator admitted that one of their own employees is facing prosecution after selling personal details of thousands of British customers to rival companies in a major breach of UK data protection laws.<ref name="gu09"/> UK Information Commissioner Christopher Graham said the data was sold for “substantial amounts of money” to brokers working for other mobile phone companies. The privacy watchdog said it planned to prosecute and would push for jail terms for anyone convicted. Rival companies bought the information and used it to make cold calls to the customers offering them a new contract with a new network.<ref name="ukdata"/>

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((Official website|http://www.t-mobile.co.uk))

((Deutsche Telekom))
((Orange S.A.))
((Telecommunications industry in the United Kingdom))
((UK mobile phone companies))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Deutsche Telekom]]
[[Category:Orange S.A.]]
[[Category:1993 establishments in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Companies based in Welwyn Hatfield]]
[[Category:Telecommunications companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:Companies disestablished in 2010]]
[[Category:Hatfield, Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:2010 disestablishments in the United Kingdom]]

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