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((Short description|Military  data link standard))
((Multiple issues|
((No footnotes|date=May 2021))
((Globalize|1=article|2=NATO countries|date=September 2021))
))
[[File:US Navy 040614-N-7952W-001 Information Systems Technician 1st Class Thomas Dull, left, Lt. Stella Nealy, center, and Information Systems Technician 2nd Class Eduardo Pallanes study a computer monitor at Naval Network and Space.jpg|thumb|250px|IT technicians study TDL data on a computer terminal (US Naval Network and Space Operations Command) in a June 2004 image]]

A '''tactical data link''' ('''TDL''') uses a [[data link]] standard in order to provide communication via [[radio waves]] or [[Electrical cable|cable]] used by [[NATO]] nations. All military [[Command, control, and communications|C3 systems]] use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive [[military tactics|tactical]] data. 

'''Multi-TDL network''' ('''MTN''') refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together.

== Change of terminology ==

The term ''tactical digital information link (TADIL)'' was made obsolete (per [[Defense Information Systems Agency|DISA]] guidance) and is now more commonly seen as ''tactical data link (TDL)''.

== Tactical data link character ==

TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats.  This is usually written as &lt;Message Format&gt;/&lt;Transmission Format&gt;.

== TDL standards in NATO ==
In NATO, tactical data link standards are being developed by the ''Data Link Working Group (DLWG)'' of the ''Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC)'' in line with the appropriate [[STANAG]].

== Synopsis of TDL links ==
In NATO, there exist tactical data link standards as follows:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Link <br /> No !! STANAG !! Working Title !! Final title / description !! Communi- <br />cation !! Gene-<br />ration !! Comments
|- 
|| 1 
|| 5501 
|| NATO data link between <br /> Air Defence Main Control Centres 
|| [[Link 1]] – <br /> Tactical Data Exchange for Air Defence
|| Point-to-point
|| 1st <br />S–Series
|| Ground Link between [[NADGE]] entities limited and not secure
|- 
|| 2 
|| 
|| Radar to Control Centre Data Link
|| 
||
|| 1st
|| Cancelled (includes in Link 1)
|-
|| 3
|| 
|| Control Centre to higher HQ Data Links 
|| SHOC Early Warning System
|| Point-to-point
|| 1st
|| Slow Speed Warning Link from evaluation centres to [[Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe|SHAPE]]
|- 
|| 4
|| 5504 
|| Ground to Air Data Link
|| [[Link 4]] – <br />TDL for the Control of [[Military aircraft]]
|| Point-to-point
|| 1st  <br /> C/R–Series
|| Compatible to US TADIL–C to be operated in NATO [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]]  (225–400 [[MHz]]) [[Radio frequency|RF]] band
|- 
|| 5
|| 
|| Fast [[High frequency|HF]] Automatic Link 
|| [[Broadcast]]
|| 
|| 1st
|| Cancelled (see Link 11)
|- 
|| 6
|| 5506 <br /> (Draft)
|| Missile Base to Control Centre Link
|| Link 6 – <br /> (NADGE Link) SAM Automatic Data Link
|| Point-to-point
|| 1st
|| Draft STANAG (US MBDL, ATDL–1, PADIL)
|- 
|| 7
|| 5507 <br /> (Draft)
|| [[Air traffic control|ATC]] / Defence Link
|| Link 7 – <br />TDL for ATC
|| Point-to-point
|| 1st
||
|- 
|| 8
|| 
|| HF Automatic Link
|| 
|| Broadcast
|| 1st
|| Cancelled (see Link 1)
|- 
|| 9
|| 
|| SOC / [[Military airbase|Airbase]] Link
|| 
|| 
|| 1st
||
|- 
|| 10
|| 5510
|| Ship – Ship Link
|| Link 10 – Maritime <br /> Tactical Data Exchange
|| Broadcast
|| 2nd <br /> M–Series
|| STANAG cancelled (was used by BE, NL and UK)
|-
|| 11
|| 5511
|| Fast HF Automatic Link
|| [[Link 11]] – <br />Maritime Tactical Data Exchange
|| Broadcast
|| 2nd <br /> M–Series
|| Compatible to US TADIL–A to be operated in the HF & NATO UHF RF bands
|- 
|| 11B
|| 5511 <br /> (Vol. II)
|| 
|| Link 11B – <br /> Tactical Data Exchange
|| Point-to-point
|| 2nd <br /> M–Series
|| Compatible to the US TADIL–B Ground to Ground TDL
|- 
|| 12
|| 
|| Fast HF Automatic Link
|| 
|| 
|| 
|| Cancelled (see Link 11)
|- 
|| 13
|| 
|| HF Automatic Link
|| 
|| Broadcast
|| 
|| Cancelled (see Link 11)
|- 
|| 14
|| 5514
|| Slow Semi–Automatic Link
|| Link 14 –<br />Maritime TDL
|| Broadcast
|| 1st <br /> D/M/S/E–Series
|| Ship–Ship & Ship–Shore (only few applications)
|- 
|| 15
|| 
|| Slow Semi–Automatic Link
|| 
|| 
|| 
|| Ship–Ship, Cancelled
|- 
|| 16
|| 5516
|| High Capacity, [[Electronic countermeasures|ECM]] Resistant, Multifunctional, [[Time division multiple access|TDMA]] Link
|| [[Link 16]] – <br />ECM Resistant Tactical Data Exchange
|| Broadcast
|| 3rd <br /> J–Series
|| Compatible to US TADIL–J <br />(STANAG 4175 – Technical Characteristics of [[Multifunctional Information Distribution System|MIDS]])
|- 
|| 21
|| 5521 <br /> (Draft)
|| Link in support of [[Air Command and Control System|ACCS]] – (LISA)
|| 
|| Point-to-point
|| 3rd <br /> J–Series
|| Under development (planned to replace Link 1 and Link 11B)
|- 
|| 22
|| 5522 <br /> (Draft)
|| NATO Improved Link 11 – (NILE)
|| [[Link 22]]
|| 
|| 3rd <br /> J–Series
|| Under development (planned to replace Link 11)
|- 
|| 
|| 5601
|| Standard for [[Interface (computing)|Interface]] of Data Links 1, 11, 11B, and 14 through a [[Data buffer|buffer]]
|| 
|| 
|| 
|| see AdalP 12
|- 
|| 
|| 5602
|| [[SIMPLE (military communications protocol)|Standard Interface for Multiple Platform Link Evaluation (SIMPLE)]]
|| 
|| 
|| 
|| Enables transmission of J-Series (TADIL-J) messages over [[Internet Protocol|IP]]-based protocols
|- 
|| MIL-STD-6020
|| 5616
|| Standard for data forwarding between tactical data systems employing Links 11/11B and tactical data systems employing Link 16
|| MIL-STD-6020, DoD Interoperability Standard: Data Forwarding between TDLs 
|| 
|| 
||
|- 
|| IJMS
|| 
|| ECM Resistant Communication System (ERCS)
|| [[JTIDS|IJMS]] – Interim [[JTIDS|JTIDS/MIDS]] Message Specification
|| Broadcast
|| 2nd, M–Series
|| Interim Data Link Standard to be replaced by Link 16
|- 
|| SADL
|| 
|| Situational Awareness Data Link
|| SADL – Situational Awareness Data Link
|| Broadcast
|| 1st, K-Series <br /> 2nd, K/J–Series
|| Data link adopted from [[Enhanced Position Location Reporting System|EPLRS]] to provide A-10s and F-16s data link capability air-to-ground and air-to-air
|}

== See also ==
* [[Battlefield Airborne Communications Node (BACN)|BACN]]
* [[Global Information Grid]]
* [[F-22 cockpit|Inter/Intra Flight Data Link (IFDL)]]
* [[JREAP]]
* [[MANDRIL]]
* [[Multifunction Advanced Data Link]]
* [[Network emulation]] for simulation / emulation of tactical data links
* [[STANAG 5602|SIMPLE]]
* [[Tactical Common Data Link]]

==External links ==
* Federation of American Scientists [http://www.fas.org/irp/program/disseminate/tadil.htm TDL information page]
* This article was originally based on public domain text from [https://web.archive.org/web/20060513232515/http://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps24911/FM%203-52%2020020801.pdf Army Airspace Command and Control in a Combat Zone], Headquarters, Department of the Army, publication FM 3-52 (FM 100-103), August 2002

[[Category:Military communications]]
[[Category:NATO standardisation]]

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