The Taira clan was a major Japanese clan of samurai.

Taira may also refer to:

• Taira, Toyama, a village in Toyama prefecture, Japan
• Taira, the center of Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
• Taira (spider): a genus of spiders (family Amaurobiidae)
• Tayra (Eira barbara), a neotropical Mustelidae

People with the surname

• Afonso Taira, Portuguese footballer
• Kaima Taira (平良 海馬, born 1999), Japanese baseball player
• Masaji Taira (平良 正次, born 1952), Gojū Ryū practitioner
• Nancy Taira, Mexican actress
• Susumu Taira (平良進, 1934–2024), Japanese actor
• Taira Shinken (平 信賢, Taira Shinken, 1897–1970) was a Japanese martial artist
• Takunori Taira, Japanese engineer
• Tomi Taira (平良 とみ, 1928–2015), Japanese actress
• Toshiko Taira (平良 敏子, 1921–2022), Japanese textile artist
• Yoshihisa Taira, composer
• Yuna Taira (平 祐奈, born 1998), Japanese actress

People with the given name or nickname

• Taira Inoue (平 井上, born 1983), Japanese footballer
• Yuliia "Taira" Paievska
• Taira Uematsu (born 1983), Japanese coach for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball