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((Short description|Sikh religious site in Amritsar, Punjab, India))
((Use dmy dates|date=December 2022))
((Use Indian English|date=March 2024))
((Not to be confused with|Damdami Taksal))
((Infobox building
| alternate_names  = 
| status           = [[Panj Takht|Takht]] of the [[Sikh]]s<ref name=AB>((cite book|last1=Nabha|first1=Kahan Singh|title=Gur Shabad Ratanakar Mahankosh|date=13 April 1930|publisher=Languages Department of Punjab, Patiala|page=ਅਕਾਲਬੁੰਗਾ|edition=1|url=https://searchgurbani.com/mahan_kosh|access-date=21 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819033327/https://searchgurbani.com/mahan_kosh|archive-date=19 August 2016|url-status=live))</ref>
| image            = Takht Sahib.jpg
| image_size       = 
| caption          = 
| address          = [[Talwandi Sabo]], [[Bathinda district]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]]
| location_country = ((flag|India))
| coordinates      = 
| completion_date  = 
| destruction_date = 
| architect        = 
| structural_system = 
| client           = 
| logo             = Nishan_Sahib.svg
| logo_size        = 200px
| logo_caption     = [[Nishan Sahib|Flag of Takht]]
| location_city    = [[Talwandi Sabo]]
| engineer         = 
| style            = [[Sikh architecture]]
| construction_start_date = 
| developer        = 
))
((Sikhism sidebar))

The '''Takht Sri Darbar Sahib Damdama Sahib''', is one of the five [[Takht (Sikhism)|takhts]] or '''Seat of Temporal Authority''' of [[Sikhism]], located in [[Talwandi Sabo]], near the [[city]] of [[Bathinda]] in [[Bathinda district]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]].<ref name="http://www.hindustantimes.com/ 2015">((cite web | title=Railways halts survey to finalise the Talwandi Sabo rail route | website=hindustantimes.com | date=25 August 2015 | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/railways-halts-survey-to-finalise-the-talwandi-sabo-rail-route/story-KoJo34oRxxAXtXoAmZTcFL.html | access-date=7 October 2015))</ref> At this place [[Guru Gobind Singh]], the tenth [[Sikh]] Guru, prepared the full version of the Sikh scriptures called [[Sri Guru Granth Sahib]] in 1705. The other four Takhts are the [[Akal Takht]], [[Takht Kesgarh Sahib|Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib]], [[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]] and Takht Sri [[Hazur Sahib]].

== History ==
[[File:Historical photograph of Damdama Sahib (Sabo Ki Talwandi).jpg|thumb|Historical photograph of Damdama Sahib (Sabo Ki Talwandi) in the 1920's.]]
The Takht is in the [[Talwandi Sabo]], 28&nbsp;km southeast of Bathinda. Literally, ''Damdama'' means ''resting place''. [[Guru Gobind Singh]] stayed here after the Sikhs fought several defensive battles.

A combination of Mughals and hill [[chieftain|chiefs]] besieged [[Anandpur Sahib]] on the orders of emperor [[Aurangzeb]]. Finally the stock of food in the town ran out. The Mughals promised safe passage to Punjab for the Sikhs if they would hand over the fortress of Anandpur. At first Guru Gobind tested their promise of safe passage by staging a test which the attackers failed miserably. Later, with promises written in the margins of the Muslims' Holy Qur'an and some of the sacred writings of the Hindu elements of the army that had all but starved his small contingent of family and Sikhs and a personal promise of safety by Aurangzeb sent by an agent of the Emperor who was fighting in the distant Deccan, the Guru was persuaded to agree to their offer, leaving Anandpur with his family and a small band of retainers. During the flight from Anandpur when the Sikhs were promised safe passage to Punjab, [[Sahibzada Fateh Singh]] was, with his elder brother [[Sahibzada Zorawar Singh]], put under the care of his grandmother, [[Mata Gujari]] ji. Unfortunately in the confusion of the rain-swollen [[Sarsa river|Sarsa]] (normally little more than a creek) and an attack by Mughal pursuers, the Guru's two youngest sons and their grandmother were separated from the main body of Sikhs. Managing to get across, they were befriended by one of the Guru's former cooks. Later betrayed and handed off by the authorities of the small village where they had been given sanctuary, they were handed over to agents of [[Wazir Khan (Sirhind)|Wazir Khan]], carted off to [[Sirhind]], and placed under arrest in the Khan's Thanda Burj (cold tower). The Thanda Burj was built to capture the cool night breezes of air drawn over water channels in the hot summers, during the dead of winter the unheated burj offered no comfort for the Guru's mother and sons.

On 26 December 1705, Fateh and his elder brother Zorawar were martyred at Sirhind. Fateh Singh is probably the youngest recorded martyr in history: He knowingly laid down his life at the age of six years.((Cn|date=March 2023)) Brothers Sahibzada Fateh Singh and Sahibzada Zorawar Singh are among the most hallowed martyrs in Sikhism.

Today, the place is known as [[Fatehgarh Sahib district|Fatehgarh Sahib]]. An unequal but grim battle commenced with the sunrise on 7 December 1705 in the words of Guru Gobind Singh's [[Zafarnama (letter)|Zafarnamah]], a mere forty defying a hundred thousand (lakh). The besieged, after they had exhausted the meagre stock of ammunition and arrows, made [[sally (military)|sallies]] in batches of five each to engage the encircling host with sword and spear. [[Sahibzada Ajit Singh]] led one of the sallies and laid down his life fighting in the thick of the battle. He was 18 years old at the time of his supreme sacrifice for his faith. Gurdwara Qatalgarh now marks the spot where he fell, followed by [[Sahibzada Jujhar Singh]], 14, who led the next sally. The valour displayed by the young sons of Guru Gobind Singh has been poignantly narrated by a modern Muslim poet Allahyar Khan Jogi who used to recite his Urdu poem, "ShahidaniWafa." from Sikh pulpits during the second and third decades of the twentieth century.

By nightfall Guru Gobind Singh was left with only five Sikhs in the fortress. These five urged him to escape so that he could rally his followers again and continue the struggle against oppression. The Guru agreed. He gave his own attire to Sangat Singh, who resembled him somewhat in features and physical stature. Under cover of darkness, he made his way through the encircling host slackened by the fatigue of the day's battle. Daya Singh, Dharam Singh and Man Singh also escaped leaving behind only two Sikhs:  Sangat Singh and Sant Singh. The next morning as the attack was resumed, the imperial troops entered the garhi without much resistance and were surprised to find only two occupants who, determined to die rather than give in, gave battle till the last. Having reached safety Gobind wrote a letter in Persian prose, called the Zafarnamah (Epistle of Victory), to the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb calling him to task as he had guaranteed safe passage to the Punjab for the Sikhs who had abandoned the city of Anandpur and its forts only to be attacked. Guru Gobind Singh fought a successful battle at [[Muktsar district|Muktsar]] and then moved towards [[Talwandi Sabo]].

== Guru Ki Kashi==

Before leaving to visit Sikh Sangats in the Deccan, Guruji blessed Talwandi Sabo, as Guru Ki Kashi. Now known better as Damdama Sahib after the Gurdwara became one of the five temporal Takhats of the Sikh religion. Another great Shaheed (Martyr) of Sikhi, Baba Deep Singh ji was installed as the first Jathedar (head) of this temporal seat. He penned additional copies of the Adi Sri Granth Sahib ji and sent them to the other four temporal seats.

This title was given because of the intense literary activities that Guru Gobind Singh engaged in during his stay here (the compilation of Sikh scriptures). It is said that one day Guru Gobind flung a handful of reed pens over the heads of the congregation ('Sangat'), saying: "Here we will create a pool of literature. No one of my Sikhs should remain illiterate." The Damdama Wali Bir as the Guru Granth Sahib is sometimes called was completed here, being dictated by the Guru to one of his disciples [[Bhai Mani Singh]]. It was at this time when the hymns of [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] Sahib, the ninth Guru and father of Guru Gobind Singh were added to the Bir.

== Recognition as Takht ==
This [[Takht (Sikhism)|Takht]] was officially recognized as the fifth Takht of Sikhism on 18 November 1966. On a demand from the [[Sikh]]s, a sub-committee was appointed by the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]], [[Amritsar]] by General Meeting Resolution No: 789 on 30 July 1960. A report of the sub-committee containing 183 pages was received to declare Damdama Sahib or Guru Ki Kashi as the fifth Takht of the Sikhs.<ref>((Cite web|title=Sikh Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/other-historical-places/punjab/damdama-sahib/|access-date=2021-12-28|website=Sikh Encyclopedia|date=19 December 2000 ))</ref>

A general body meeting of the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee at Amritsar approved the recommendations through resolution number 32 on 18 November 1966. It was declared as the fifth Sikh Takht by the government of India in April 1999 during tricentennial celebrations of the formation of the [[Khalsa]].

== Jathedars of Takht Damdama Sahib ==
((Incomplete list|date=September 2023))
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Name
!Assigned by
!Term
!Reference(s)
|-
|[[Baba Deep Singh]]
|[[Guru Gobind Singh]]
|7 August 1708 - 13 November 1757 
|
|-
|Sudh Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Karam Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Natha Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Ran Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Bhagwan Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|[[Baghel Singh]]
|?
|?
|
|-
|Diwan Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Ram Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|[[Harchand Singh Longowal]]
|[[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]]
|1962 - 
|
|-
|Jagir Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|[[Avtar Singh Brahma]]
|?
|1988
|<ref>((Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HmNAAAAMAAJ |title=Journal of Government and Political Studies |date=1989 |publisher=Department of Political Science, Punjabi University |pages=23 |language=en))</ref>
|-
|Sabh Lakha Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Giani Jaswant Singh
|[[Sarbat Khalsa (1986)|Sarbat Khalsa]]
|26 January 1986 - 
|
|-
|Sanjh Hakam Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Mehar Singh
|?
|?
|
|-
|Giani Kewal Singh
|[[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]]
|1993 - 12 January 2002
|
|-
|[[Balwant Singh Nandgarh|Giani Balwant Singh Nandgarh]]
|[[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]]
|6 January 2003 - 17 January 2015
|<ref>((Cite web |date=6 January 2003 |title=Nandgarh installed Jathedar |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030107/punjab.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928033209/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030107/punjab.htm |archive-date=2020-09-28 |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab))</ref>
|-
|Giani Gurmukh Singh
|[[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]]
|27 January 2015 - 21 April 2017
|<ref>((Cite web |last1=Rambani |first1=Vishal |last2=Nagpal |first2=Atul |date=2017-04-21 |title=Giani Gurmukh Singh removed as Takht Damdama Sahib jathedar; he hits back |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/giani-gurmukh-singh-removed-as-takht-damdama-sahib-jathedar-over-violation-of-sikh-maryada/story-SzQLjzt4iCfEwOxHjyXssM.html |access-date=2023-08-19 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en))</ref>
|-
|Baba Baljit Singh Daduwal
|[[Sarbat Khalsa]]
|10 November 2015 - 26 August 2020
|
|-
|[[Giani Harpreet Singh]]
|[[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]]
|21 April 2017 - Incumbent
|<ref name=":0">((Cite web |title=Takhat Sahiban Jathedar |url=https://www.dsgmc.in/About/TakhatSahibanJathedar |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902100135/https://www.dsgmc.in/About/TakhatSahibanJathedar |archive-date=2022-09-02 |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee www.dsgmc.in))</ref>
|}

==References==
((reflist))

((Sikhism))

((coord missing|Punjab (India)))

[[Category:Sikh places]]
[[Category:Sikh architecture]]
[[Category:Gurdwaras in Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Bathinda]]
[[Category:Religious tourism in India]]

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