After World War I, Constantine Salameh, a native of Beirut, bought land in Talbiya from the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate with the idea of building a prestigious neighborhood for Middle Eastern Christians. In addition to a villa for himself, Salameh built two apartment houses on the square that was named for him.[3] Villa Salameh (1930), currently housing the Belgian Consulate at 21 Balfour Street, was designed in Art Deco style by French architect, Marcel Favier [fr].[4]
Talbiya's Gan Hashoshanim (Rose Garden) dates back to the 1930s. After the establishment of the State of Israel, official Independence Day events were held at this park.
State of Israel
After the 1948 Palestine war many Arab residents of Talbiya including Salameh lost the right to their properties due to Israel's Absentee Property Law. Salameh sought to regain his property under a clause that distinguished between persons who left Israeli territory due to the conflict and those who were absent for other reasons, but after being convinced that the High Court would not rule in his favor for fear of creating a precedent he accepted a symbolic $700,000 in compensation for all of his multimillion-dollar properties located in Israel.[3]
Before the 1967 Six-Day War, many of the villas in Talbiya housed foreign consulates.[clarification needed] The home of Constantine Salameh, which he leased to the Belgian consulate, faces a flowering square, originally Salameh Square, later renamed Wingate Square to commemorate Orde Wingate, a British officer who trained members of the Haganah in the 1930s. Marcus Street is named for Colonel David (Mickey) Marcus, an officer in the U.S. army who volunteered to be a military advisor in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.[2]
The neighborhood's Hebrew name Komemiyut, (קוממיות) introduced as a hebraization after the establishment of the state, never caught on, and it is still known as Talbiya.[5]
Some lands in Talbiya are owned by the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem. In August 2016 a group of investors, which was called "Nayot Komemiyut Investments", purchased 500 dunams from the Patriarch, while a part of it was in Talbiya.[6] Formerly, the lands had been leased by the Jewish National Fund (JNF) and were subleased to Israeli tenants who registered their leasehold rights in the Land registration in Israel, but the revenue was not paid to the Patriarch by the JNF. It was one of the reasons of selling the lands by the Patriarch to "Nayot Komemiyut", which committed to collect the rents for the Patriarch, as it was stated in a verdict of the Jerusalem District Court.[7]
Selling the areas to a third hand aside the Patriarchate of Jerusalem and the JNF, puts the Israeli tenants, which most of them are elderly, under an economic uncertainty, while their real estate's value goes down. Tenants cannot design plans of TAMA 38[8] The investors are also unable to construct or widen the buildings, because the land is still leased by the JNF for several decades. The tenants requested the Israeli government to nationalize the leased lands, or at least to compensate them in real terms for their acquires, which were equal to real estate values. The Patriarchate reacted by claiming that its property rights were offended. In the beginning of 2018, Jerusalem Municipality joined the Israeli Government and refused to release the lands overwhelmingly, claiming it had to evaluate every leased estate for its betterment levy.[9] As a result, the Christian Church leaders closed the Church of the Holy Sepulchre to visitors during the end of February 2018.[10]
^Judge Moshe Ravid, Land Assessor Moshe Yitzhaki and Lawyer Dr. Lior Davidai (20 May 2013). "Verdict given by the Jerusalem District Court"(PDF). Alex Shapira & Co., Law Firm (in Hebrew). Retrieved 14 July 2018. To act exclusively in the name of the Patriarch from the date of signing this agreement with any third party, including the JNF, which is related to the lease agreements, and subject to the provisions of this agreement, to do in its name and place any action which the Patriarch is entitled to make, in connection with the lease agreements, and without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, collect and receive annual lease fees and/or any lease fees due to the Patriarch in accordance with the lease agreements, to collect any debt of any kind towards the Patriarch in respect of past periods with respect to the lands included in the lease agreements, including debts in respect of leasing fees and/or compensation for breach of lease agreements made in the past or to be made in the future.
^Aryeh Deverett (21 March 2016). "What is TAMA 38?". Bizness Magazine. Retrieved 14 July 2018. TAMA 38 is a unique Israeli construction program created to strengthen and upgrade older apartment buildings. It serves to protect them from earthquakes and to increase urban housing units in high demand areas.
Israel
