Talbot is an English Old French-origin surname. Notable people with the name include:

• Albert Talbot (1877–1936), Anglican Dean of Sydney
• Andre Talbot (born 1978), Canadian football player
• Antonio Talbot (1900–1980), Canadian politician
• Arthur Newell Talbot (1857–1942), American civil engineer
• Billy Talbot (born 1943), American singer-songwriter
• Brian Talbot (born 1953), English footballer
• Bryan Talbot (born 1952), British comic book artist
• Cam Talbot (born 1987), Canadian ice hockey goaltender
• Charles Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot of Hensol (1685–1737), British lawyer and politician
• Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury (1660–1718), English politician
• Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot (1803–1890), Welsh industrialist and politician
• Colin Talbot (born 1952), British political scientist professor
• Connie Talbot (born 2000), English singer
• D. Smith Talbot (1841–1915), American politician from Pennsylvania
• David Talbot (born 1951), American journalist
• David Talbot (golfer) (born 1936), English golfer
• Drew Talbot (born 1986), English footballer
• Don Talbot (1933–2020), Australian swimming coach
• Lady Eleanor Talbot (c.1436–1468), English noblewoman
• Edward Allen Talbot (1796–1839), British-Canadian settler
• Edward Talbot (bishop) (1844–1934), English bishop of Rochester, Southwark then Winchester
• Edward Talbot, 8th Earl of Shrewsbury (1561–1617), English nobleman and politician
• Emily Charlotte Talbot (1840–1918), Welsh heiress and daughter of Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot
• Ethelbert Talbot (1848–1928), American bishop
• Frances Talbot, Countess of Morley (1782–1857), English author and artist
• Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury (1500–1560), English nobleman
• Francis X. Talbot (1889–1953), American Jesuit publisher and academic administrator
• Fred Talbot (born 1949), British television presenter
• Geoffrey Talbot (died c.1140), English nobleman
• George Talbot (disambiguation), several people, including several earls of Shrewsbury
• Gerald Talbot (born 1931), American politician
• Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury (1552–1616), English aristocrat and politician
• Grover C. Talbot (1885–1935), American politician
• (William) Henry Fox Talbot (1800–1877), British inventor and photography pioneer
• Hilary Talbot (1912–2004), British judge
• Isham Talbot (1773–1837), American politician
• Jacques Talbot (1678–1756), historical figure in New France
• James Talbot (disambiguation), several people
• Jean-Guy Talbot (1932–2024), Canadian ice hockey player
• Jean-Pierre Talbot (born 1943), Belgian actor
• Joby Talbot (born 1971), British classical composer
• Joe Talbot (born 1991), American filmmaker
• Joe Talbot (musician) (born 1984), Welsh musician
• John Talbot (disambiguation), several people
• Kirk Talbot (born 1969), Louisiana politician
• Larry Talbot, titular character in the 1941 film The Wolf Man
• Les Talbot (1910–1983), English footballer
• Lyle Talbot (1902–1996), American actor
• Mary Talbot (disambiguation), several people
• Matt Talbot (1856–1925), Irish alcoholic who turned to Christianity
• Maxime Talbot (born 1984), Canadian ice hockey player
• Michael Talbot (disambiguation), several people
• Mick Talbot (born 1958), English keyboardist
• Mignon Talbot (1869–1950), American paleontologist
• Milo Talbot (British Army officer) (1854–1931)
• Milo Talbot, 7th Baron Talbot of Malahide (1912–1973)
• Montague Talbot (1774–1831), Irish actor and theatre manager
• Nita Talbot (born 1930), American actress
• P. H. Talbot (1897–1974), captain of the USS Helm
• Paul Talbot (born 1979), English professional footballer
• Peter Talbot (politician) (1854–1919), Canadian politician
• Archbishop Peter Talbot (c. 1618–1680), Catholic Archbishop of Dublin
• Philippe Adjutor Talbot (1879–1967), Canadian politician
• Phillips Talbot (1915–2010), American diplomat
• Rachel Talbot Ross (born 1961), American politician
• Ralph Talbot (1897–1918), US Marine flyer
• Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell (1630–1691), Irish politician, courtier and soldier
• Richard Talbot (colonizer) (1772–1853), Irish settler in Upper Canada
• Rhisiart Tal-e-bot (born Richard Talbot, 1975), British political activist
• Scott Talbot (born 1981), Australian-born New Zealand swimmer and swimming coach
• Silas Talbot (1751–1813), captain of the USS Constitution
• Siobhán Talbot (born 1964), Irish businesswoman, CEO of Glanbia
• Stephanie Talbot (born 1994), Australian basketball player
• Thomas Talbot (Upper Canada) (1771–1853), Canadian politician
• Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician) (1818–1885), governor of Massachusetts
• Thomas Talbot, 2nd Viscount Lisle (c. 1449–1470), English nobleman
• William Talbot (bishop) (1658–1730), British Anglican bishop
• William Talbot, 1st Earl Talbot (1710–1782), English peer and politician

Fictional characters

• Chloe Talbot, from The Simpsons
• David Talbot (The Vampire Chronicles), from The Vampire Chronicles
• Glenn Talbot, character in the Marvel Universe
• Larry Talbot, the protagonist of the film The Wolf Man
• Joe Talbot, a character in the children's TV series Wishbone
• Henry Talbot, a character in the TV series Downton Abbey and subsequent film

Other uses

As a given name:

• Talbot Hobbs, Australian architect
• Talbot Mundy, writer of adventure stories
• Talbot Rothwell, English screenwriter

As an aristocratic family name, the Earls of Shrewsbury:

• John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (1390–1453)
• John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury (1413–1460)
• John Talbot, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (1448–1473)
• George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury (1468–1538)
• Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury (1500–1560)
• George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury (1522–1590)
• Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury (1552–1616)
• Edward Talbot, 8th Earl of Shrewsbury (1561–1617)
• George Talbot, 9th Earl of Shrewsbury (1567–1630)
• John Talbot, 10th Earl of Shrewsbury (1601–1654)
• Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury (1623–1667)
• Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, 12th Earl of Shrewsbury (1660–1718) (became Duke in 1694, dukedom extinct 1718)
• Gilbert Talbot, 13th Earl of Shrewsbury (1673–1743)
• George Talbot, 14th Earl of Shrewsbury (1719–1787)
• Charles Talbot, 15th Earl of Shrewsbury (1753–1827)
• John Talbot, 16th Earl of Shrewsbury (1791–1852)
• Bertram Arthur Talbot, 17th Earl of Shrewsbury (1832–1856)
• Henry John Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury, 3rd Earl Talbot (1803–1868)
• Charles John Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury, 4th Earl Talbot (1830–1877)
• Charles Henry John Chetwynd-Talbot, 20th Earl of Shrewsbury, 5th Earl Talbot (1860–1921)
• John George Charles Henry Alton Alexander Chetwynd-Talbot, 21st Earl of Shrewsbury, 6th Earl Talbot (1914–1980)
• Charles Henry John Benedict Crofton Chetwynd Chetwynd-Talbot, 22nd Earl of Shrewsbury, 7th Earl Talbot (b. 1952)
• his son and heir: James Chetwynd-Talbot, Viscount Ingestre (b. 1978)