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((Short description|1962 film by J. Lee Thompson))
((More citations needed|date=November 2019))
((Infobox film
| name           = Taras Bulba
| image          = Taras Bulba - 1962 - Poster.png
 
| alt            = 
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = [[J. Lee Thompson]]
| producer       = [[Harold Hecht]]
| based_on       = ((based on|''[[Taras Bulba]]''|[[Nikolai Gogol]]))
| screenplay     = [[Waldo Salt]]<br>[[Karl Tunberg]]
| narrator       = 
| starring       = [[Tony Curtis]]<br>[[Yul Brynner]]
| music          = [[Franz Waxman]]
| cinematography = [[Joseph MacDonald|Joe MacDonald]]
| editing        = Folmar Blangsted<br />[[Gene Milford]]<br />[[William Reynolds (film editor)|William Reynolds]]<br />[[Eda Warren]]
| studio         = ((Unbulleted list|[[Harold Hecht Productions]]|[[Curtleigh Productions]]))
| distributor    = [[United Artists]]
| released       = ((Film date|1962|12|19|Chicago|1962|12|25|New York City|1962|12|26|Los Angeles))
| runtime        = 122 minutes<br>124 minutes<br>(TCM print)
| country        = United States
| language       = English
| budget         = $6 million<ref name="tino">Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987 p. 155.</ref>
| gross          = $3,400,000 <small>(rentals)</small><ref>"Top Rental Features of 1963", ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'', 8 January 1964, pg 71.</ref>
))
'''''Taras Bulba''''' is a 1962 American Color by Deluxe in [[Eastmancolor]] [[adventure film]] loosely based on [[Nikolai Gogol]]'s novel ''[[Taras Bulba]]'', starring [[Tony Curtis]] and [[Yul Brynner]]. The film was directed by [[J. Lee Thompson]]. The story line of the film is considerably different from that of Gogol's novel, although it is closer to his expanded 1842 (pro-Russian Imperial) edition than his original (pro-Ukrainian) version of 1835.

==Plot==
The film opens in the 16th century, when Ukraine, Russia, [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Poland]], and elsewhere in eastern Europe were divided into small sections and principalities that fought each other or against one enemy: in this case, the [[Ottoman Empire]]. It starts  with a battle raging between the Turks and the Poles. The Poles are losing until the [[Zaporozhian Cossacks|Cossacks]] arrive to save the day. However, it turns out that the Poles were merely holding back so that they could treacherously attack the Cossacks after they won the battle for them. As a result, the Poles become masters of Ukraine and the Cossacks are subjugated. Taras Bulba, one of the Cossack officers, returns home to raise his family but now it is under Polish dominion.

Several years later, Taras sends his two sons, Andriy (Tony Curtis) and Ostap (Perry Lopez) to the academy at [[Kiev]], to obtain a Polish education. There, the eldest son, Andriy, falls in love with a Polish princess Natalia Dubrov (played by [[Christine Kaufmann]]), to the ire of the locals, who treat the Cossack brothers like scum of the earth. Ultimately, the brothers are forced to flee Kiev, returning to their father’s house on the [[Pontic–Caspian steppe|Ukrainian steppes]].

There, word comes that the Poles want the Cossacks to raise an army to help them in a new war in the [[Baltic region|Baltic]] region. When Andriy objects, he is accused of being a coward. This is a serious offense that can only be resolved by a test of courage. Andriy and his accuser ride and jump their horses over a chasm until God chooses which one is right by having the accuser fall to his death. Taras embraces Andriy’s lead and plans to betray the Poles and take back Ukraine.

Assuming command of the Cossacks, Taras leads them to [[Dubno]], where the Poles are expecting him to join them. Instead, the Cossacks attack the Polish army and drive it back into the city. The Cossacks then lay siege to the city. Hunger and disease set in and Andriy, fearing for the life of his Polish lover, sneaks into the city in an attempt to rescue her. He is captured and she is condemned to be burned at the stake for the crime of loving a Cossack. To save her, Andriy agrees to lead a raiding party to bring cattle into the starving city.

Meanwhile, the Cossacks have grown bored with the inactivity of the siege and a large number of them have departed for home. When the Polish commander realizes the weakness of the Cossacks against the raiding force, he orders his whole army to attack. Taras Bulba encounters his son on the field of battle and kills him for his betrayal before joining the general retreat to the edge of a cliff. There, the Cossacks who left the siege to go home rejoin the battle and large numbers of men and horses, both Cossack and Polish, are pushed over the edge to their deaths in the river below.

The movie ends with the Cossacks victorious and entering Dubno. Andriy is to be buried there, as “... it is now a Cossack city.” By the words of [[Hetman]] Taras Bulba, the Cossacks will not treat the Poles as badly as they were treated by them: "We will not ravage. We will not pillage. We will burn out the plague, and open the supply wagons, and feed the people of ''our'' city."

==Cast==
((div col))
* [[Tony Curtis]] as Andriy Bulba
* [[Yul Brynner]] as Taras Bulba
* [[Christine Kaufmann]] as Natalia Dubrov
* [[Sam Wanamaker]] as Filipenko
* [[Brad Dexter]] as Shilo
* [[Guy Rolfe]] as Prince Grigory
* [[Perry Lopez]] as Ostap Bulba
* [[George Macready]] as Governor
* Ilka Windish as Sofia Bulba
* [[Vladimir Sokoloff]] as Old Stepan
* Vladimir Irman as Grisha Kubenko
* Daniel Ocko as Ivan Mykola
* [[Abraham Sofaer]] as Abbot
* Mickey Finn as Korzh
* [[Richard Rust]] as Capt. Alex
* Ron Weyand as Tymoshevsky
* [[Vitina Marcus]] as Gypsy princess
((div col end))

==Production==
===Development===
The film was a long-time dream project for director [[Robert Aldrich]] who worked on it for five years. He said they did "four or five" scripts of the novel, the last of which was "sensational".<ref name="sound"/> In January 1959 it was announced the film would be made in Yugoslavia as a co-production between Aldrich & Associates and Avala Films of Yugoslavia. The budget was to be $3 million and Anthony Quinn would play the lead. David Chantler wrote the script.<ref>((cite news|title=QUINN APPROVES ROLE AS COSSACK: Committed to 'Taras Bulba,'|newspaper= [[New York Times]] |date = 23 January 1959|page= 18))</ref> It would be the first American-Yugoslavian co-production.<ref>((cite news|title=SCREENED ALONG THE TIBER|author=ROBERT F. HAWKINSROME|newspaper= New York Times|date= 8 February 1959|page= X7))</ref> Financing fell through at the last minute and the film was cancelled in March.<ref>((cite news|title=M-G-M PLANS FILM OF 'BUTTERFIELD 8'|newspaper=New York Times|date= 11 March 1959|page=41))</ref> Aldrich still wanted to make it but fell into financial trouble and ended up selling the script. In May 1959 it was announced [[Joseph Kaufman (producer)|Joseph Kaufman]] had purchased the script and associated research materials from Aldrich for $100,000.<ref>((cite news|title=35 Independents Toil for Columbia: Briskin Announces 'Young Men'; Williams in Films 40 Years|last=Scott|first=John L.|newspaper= [[Los Angeles Times]]|date= 4 May 1959|page= C17))</ref>

Aldrich claimed Kaufman was acting as a front for producer [[Harold Hecht]],<ref name="sound">((cite magazine|title=Up to Date with Robert Aldrich|last=Ringel|first=Harry|magazine= Sight and Sound|volume=43|issue=3|date= Summer 1974|page= 166))</ref> who had been long associated with more social realist dramas starring [[Burt Lancaster]]. After deciding to do some projects without Lancaster, Hecht began working on several films including this adaptation of Gogol's story. The work attracted him because "it was color, flamboyancy, but most of all, a strong personal story, difficult to come by in spectacle."<ref name="los"/>

===Casting===
In February 1961 Hecht signed Tony Curtis, simultaneously negotiating a co-production deal with the actor's film production company, [[Curtleigh Productions]].<ref>((cite news|title=Author of 'Olympians' Writes a Musical Version|last= Hopper|first= Hedda|newspaper=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]]|date= 25 February 1961|page= 13))</ref><ref name=":65">((Cite news|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|date=22 September 1962|title=Curtis cast in new production|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/370351940/|access-date=6 July 2021))</ref> In July Yul Brynner's casting was announced.<ref>((cite news|title=Of Local Origin|newspaper=New York Times|date= 14 July 1961|page= 12))</ref> The same month he signed on director [[J. Lee Thompson]], who had just completed ''[[Cape Fear (1962 film)|Cape Fear]]''.<ref>((cite news|title=CINEMA 16 LISTS 30 SHORT FILMS: New Experimental Movies Are Available for Rental|author= HOWARD THOMPSON|newspaper= New York Times|date= 15 July 1961|page= 11))</ref> "The spectacle will come second," said Thompson. "The important things are the storyline, credibility and the characterizations."<ref>((cite news|title=VIEW FROM A LOCAL VANTAGE POINT|author= HOWARD THOMPSON|newspaper=New York Times|date= 23 July 1961|page= X5))</ref> After doing a location of ten countries it was decided to film in Argentina.<ref name="los"/>

The female lead would be played by German-Austrian actress [[Christine Kaufmann]] who had starred in ''[[Town Without Pity]]''. She signed a two-year six-film contract with Hecht.<ref>((cite news|title=BY WAY OF REPORT: Psychiatry Film Slated, Starlet, New Dramas
|author= A.H. WEILER|newspaper= New York Times |date=4 Mar 1962|page= 111))</ref> The same month [[Van Heflin]] said he would be starring in a rival ''Taras Bulba'' movie to be shot in Europe.<ref>((cite news|title=Looking at Hollywood: Heflin Is Off for Europe and $100,000 Acting Job|author=HEDDA HOPPER|newspaper= Chicago Daily Tribune|date= 21 July 1961|page= b13))</ref> [[Susan Hampshire]] was meant to play a role but reportedly pulled out when her personal relationship with Thompson ended.<ref>((cite news|title=I'll wed Shirley Ann Says Director but She Says No|author= Keith Morfett |date= 28 November 1962 |newspaper= Daily Mail| page=1))</ref>

===Filming===
Filming began in Argentina on 10 October 1961. The unit was based in the [[Salta|town of Salta]].<ref>((cite news|title=Argentine 'Oscars' Awarded as Cash: 'Taras Bulba' Man Reports; European Beauties |last=Scheuer|first= Philip K.|newspaper= Los Angeles Times|date= 10 Oct 1961|page= B7))</ref> The filming on location in Argentina continued until the end of the year before the production returned to Hollywood; wrapping up in late February.<ref name="los">((cite news|title=Hecht Musters Army, Shoots 'Epic' |last=Scheuer|first= Philip K.|newspaper= Los Angeles Times|date= 25 February 1962|page= A3))</ref>

Thompson called Brynner "an open air actor who needs a big expanse, a big tour de force. He is a marvelous Taras and a fine actor, but should never play comedy." The director also admired Curtis saying "he has really fought and is so eager and he has never stopped working. His is a very romantic part but not as flashy as Yul's."<ref>FILM DIRECTOR'S VELVET GLOVE HIDES TOUGH, FIRM HAND: HOPPER Hopper, Hedda. Los Angeles Times 11 Nov 1962: A4.</ref>

==Music==
The score was composed by [[Franz Waxman]], and film composer [[Bernard Hermann]] considered it one of the best scores ever written. The music has been nominated in:
* [[35th Academy Awards]] (April 8, 1963) - nominated for an Oscar in [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Music Score — Substantially Original]] (lost to [[Maurice Jarre]] and his work on ''[[Lawrence of Arabia]]'')
* [[AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores]] (2005) – nominated.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/scores250.pdf |title= AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores Nominees |access-date=2016-08-06))</ref>

==Release ==
The film was budgeted at $3.8 million but went $2.2 million over. After poor sales at the box office, it ended up costing United Artists about $4.5 million.<ref name="tino"/> To help market the film, a novelization of the film by [[Robert W. Krepps]] was issued to tie-in with the screenplay written by [[Waldo Salt]] and [[Karl Tunberg]], an adaptation of Gogol's original story.

==Home media==
On 25 March 2008 the film was released on DVD in Regions 1 and 2. This is its first release on DVD. On 23 September 2014 a Blu-ray version was released by [[Kino Video]] in the United States.

==See also==
* [[List of American films of 1962]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* ((IMDb title|0056556|Taras Bulba))
* ((AllMovie title|48658|Taras Bulba))
* ((TCMDb title|17795|Taras Bulba))
* ((rotten-tomatoes|taras_bulba|Taras Bulba))

((J. Lee Thompson))
((Curtleigh Productions))
((Taras Bulba))
((Authority control))

[[Category:1960s adventure drama films]]
[[Category:1962 drama films]]
[[Category:1962 films]]
[[Category:American adventure drama films]]
[[Category:Curtleigh Productions films]]
[[Category:Films based on Taras Bulba]]
[[Category:Films directed by J. Lee Thompson]]
[[Category:Films produced by Harold Hecht]]
[[Category:Films scored by Franz Waxman]]
[[Category:Films set in the 16th century]]
[[Category:Films set in Kyiv]]
[[Category:Films set in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Films shot in Argentina]]
[[Category:Films shot in California]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Waldo Salt]]
[[Category:United Artists films]]
[[Category:1960s English-language films]]
[[Category:1960s American films]]

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