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((Short description|Rulers of Andhra Pradesh, 6th-13th century))
((Use dmy dates|date=March 2017))
((Use Indian English|date=March 2017))
[[File:Telugu Chodas of Nellore. Bhoja II. 1216-1316 CE. Uniface flan with central lion standing left, four additional lion, two śri, uncertain, and bhujabha in Kananda punchmarks.jpg|thumb|290px|Coinage of the Telugu [[Nellore Chodas|Chodas of Nellore]]. King Bhoja II, 1216-1316 CE. Uniface flan with central lion standing left, four additional lion, two śri, uncertain, and ''bhujabha'' legend in Telugu punchmarks]]
((South Asia in 1250))
((Chola history))
The '''Telugu Chodas or Telugu Cholas''' ruled parts of present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Telangana]] between the 5th and the 13th centuries as [[samanta]]s of [[Pallava dynasty|Pallavas]] and later the [[Imperial Cholas]].<ref>((Cite web |last=Chetty |first=K Ramachandra |date=1984 |title=A History of the Telugu Cholas in Southern Andhra |url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/94000/9/09_chapter%205.pdf |website= |publisher=[[Karnatak University]]))</ref><ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&dq=8126018038&pg=PP1|title=Encyclopedia of Indian literature|last=Dutta|first=Amaresh|year=1987|isbn=8126018038))</ref> Various dynasties exist among them including [[Velanati Chodas|Velanati]], Pottapi, Konidena, Nannuru, [[Nellore Chodas|Nellore]], Kunduru etc. The earliest Choda dynasty in the Telugu area was that of Renati Chodas who ruled [[Renadu]] region from late 5th century to 7th century. Some of the Telugu Chodas including Renati Chodas claimed descent from the early [[Early Cholas|Sangam]] [[Tamils|Tamil]] king [[Karikala|Karikala Chola]].<ref>((Cite book |last=Kumar |first=Kiran Ashok |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDxyDwAAQBAJ&dq=Telugu+Cholas&pg=PA19 |title=Inquisitive Social Sciences For Class 7 |publisher=[[S. Chand Group|S. Chand Publishing]] |isbn=978-93-5283-109-8 |pages=19 |language=en))</ref> Telugu Chodas contributed much to the early development of [[Telugu language]] and are the first dynasty to use Telugu as their official language. The first and oldest Telugu inscription founded so far is Kalamalla inscription dating to 575 CE put up by Renati Chola king Erikal Mutturaju Dhanunjaya.<ref>((Cite news |title=First Telugu inscription dating back to 575 AD found in Kadapa village |work=The New Indian Express |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2022/jan/09/first-telugu-inscriptiondating-back-to-575-ad-found-in-kadapa-village-2404759.html))</ref> Telugu Chodas are believed to have been migrated from [[Tamilakam]] to [[Andhra Pradesh|Andhra]] country due to invasion of [[Tamilakam]] by [[Kalabhra dynasty|Kalabhras]] and increasing power of [[Pallavas]] in northern most part of [[Tamilakam]].

==Velanati Chodas==
((velanati Chodas))
((Main|Velanati Chodas))

Telugu Chodas of Velanadu (Velanati Chola) were one of the Telugu Choda families. Velanadu is located in the modern [[Guntur]] district. The chieftains who ruled over Velanadu came to be known as the Velanati Chodas. One of them, Rajendra Choda II had even assumed the title Durjayakulaprakara since Velanati Chodas claims descendant from [[Durjaya (Andhra chieftain)|Durjaya]], a descendant of [[Karikala Chola]] . These Velanati chiefs were the subordinate allies of the [[Later Cholas]] of the south. They were entrusted with the responsibility of the governance of the Andhra region, which formed a part of the Chola kingdom in the between the tenth and early decades of the thirteenth century. Their capital was Dhanadapura (Dhannada) or Sanaduprolu, the modern Chandolu in the Guntur district initially then later they ruled from Vengi in West Godavari and Pithpuram in East Godavari Districts. Dhannada is also the site of the war between the [[Cholas]] and the [[Western Chalukyas|Later Chalukyas]] when the Western Chalukya king Satyashraya invaded the Eastern Chalukyas, which was swiftly repulsed by the forces of [[Rajendra Chola I]] who helped the Eastern Chalukyas and the Velanadu Chodas with whom the Cholas had marital ties.<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w6zkx_Ck3FwC|title=South India and Her Muhammadan Invaders|last=Aiyangar|first=Sakkottai Krishnaswami|date=1991|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120605367|language=en))</ref>

The Velanati Chiefs rose to prominence among the vassals of the Chalukyas of Vengi during the early days of [[Kulothunga Chola I]] and served as the Later  viceroys faithfully as their trusted lieutenants and generals. Finding his dominion dwindling, due to the ascendancy of the Kalyani Chalukyas in the Vengi country, Kulothunga Chola lent support to his loyal chieftains of Velanadu to bring the situation under control and rule over Vengi as his vassals. Evidence is available to the effect that five chieftains of Velanadu ruled over the country after which it was overrun by the Kakatiyas and became a part of their kingdom.<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w6zkx_Ck3FwC|title=South India and Her Muhammadan Invaders|last=Aiyangar|first=Sakkottai Krishnaswami|date=1991|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120605367|language=en))</ref>

Velanati Chodas:

* [[Gonka I]] (1076–1108 )
* [[Rajendra Choda I]]  (1108–1132 )
* [[Gonka II]] (1132–1161 )
* [[Rajendra Choda II]] (1161–1181 )
* [[Gonka III]] (1181–1186 )
* [[Pruthviswara]] (1186–1207 )

==Renati Chodas==

The Telugu Chodas of Renadu (also called as Renati Cholas) ruled over Renadu region, the present day [[Kadapa district|Kadapa]] district. In Malepadu plates (seventh century), Renati Chola king Punyakumara stated that they belong to the family of Sangam age Chola king [[Karikala|Karikala Chola]].<ref>((Cite journal |last=Hultzsch |first=Eugene |date=1911–1912 |title=Epigraphia Indica |journal=Epigraphia Indica |volume=11 |pages=339 |via=Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India))</ref> They were  independent sometimes but mostly they were forced to suzerainty of the [[Pallavas]]. They used the Telugu language in their inscriptions of the sixth and eighth centuries. Such inscriptions have found near [[Muddanur]],<ref>((Cite news|last=A. D.|first=Rangarajan|date=2020-08-31|title=Rare inscription unearthed in Andhra Pradesh's Kadapa district|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/rare-inscription-unearthed/article32490807.ece|access-date=2020-09-07|issn=0971-751X))</ref> and at [[Gandikota]], [[Jammalamadugu]] and [[Proddatur]]. The earliest of this family was Nandivarman (500 AD) who claimed descent from the family of [[Karikala]] and the Kasyapa gotra. He had three sons Simhavishnu, Sundarananda and Dhanunjaya, all of whom were ruling different territories simultaneously.<ref>((cite book|title=Andhra Pradesh district gazetteers, Volume 1|author=Andhra Pradesh (India), Bh Sivasankaranarayana|publisher=Printed by the Director of Print. and Stationery at the Govt. Secretariat Press; [copies can be had from: Govt. Publication Bureau, Andhra Pradesh], 1976|page=60))</ref> The family seems to have had its origin in [[Kamalapuram, Kadapa|Erikal]] in the Kadapa district.<ref>((cite book|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|author=Sailendra Nath Sen|publisher=New Age International, 1999|page=471))</ref> Dhanunjaya is described as Erikal-Mutturaju and as ruling [[Renadu]].<ref>((cite book|title=A Comprehensive History of India: pt. 1. A.D. 300-985|author=Indian History Congress|publisher=People's Pub. House, 1981|page=382))</ref> In the first half of the seventh century, we find Punyakumara, a descendant of Dhanunjaya, ruling over Renadu and Hiranyarashtra. He too bears the title Erikal-Mutturaju.<ref>((cite book|title=Administration in Andhra: From the Earliest Times to 13th Century A.D.|author=C. A. Padmanabha Sastry|publisher=B.R. Publishing Corporation, 1990|page=126))</ref>

==Pottapi Chodas==

Telugu Chodas of Pottapi ruled the Cuddapah region after the fall of the Renati Chodas. Pottapi lay on the northern fringe of [[Tondaimandalam]] and it embraced the bulk of [[Venkatagiri]], [[Gudur]], [[Chandragiri]] and [[Srikalahasti]] taluks of [[Tirupati district]] and [[Rajampet|Rajampet taluk]] of [[Annamayya district]]. The early history of the Pottapi Cholas is obscure, and the circumstances leading to their acquisition of  Pottapi are not known. Consequent on their downfall at the hands of the major powers like the Rashtrakutas and the minor powers like the Vaidumbas, the Renati Cholas appear to have sunk into oblivion for a short period. It is likely that some members of Renati Chola family moved eastwards and finding an opportunity established themselves as the rulers of Pottapi-nadu. A Pottapi Chola king named [[Srikantha Chola]] was ruling [[Tondai Nadu]] according to Dalavaypuram copper plates of [[Pandya dynasty|Pandya king]] Parantaka Viranarayana. In Madras Museum copper plates, this Srikantha claims descendant from Tamil king [[Karikala|Karikala Chola]] through Sundarananda of Renati Chodas. The Anbil plates<ref>((Cite web |year=1920 |title=Epigraphia Indica Vol.15 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.108417))</ref> of [[Parantaka II|Parantaka Chola II]] and Velanjeri plates<ref>((Cite web |title=Thiruttani and Velanjeri Copper Plates |url=http://www.tamilartsacademy.com/articles/article28.xml))</ref> of [[Parantaka I|Parantaka Chola I]] mention the name Sri Kantha whose name preceedes that of [[Vijayalaya Chola]], however, it's unknown if both individuals are the same and share any relations between.<ref>((Cite book |last=Mahalingam |first=T. V. |url=https://books.google.ch/books/about/Readings_in_South_Indian_History.html?id=5OQdAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y |title=Readings in South Indian History |last2=Gupta |first2=S. P. |last3=Ramachandran |first3=K. S. |publisher=B.R. Publishing Corporation |year=1976 |pages=63-64 |language=en |access-date=9 April 2024 |archive-url=https://ia801504.us.archive.org/15/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.119514/2015.119514.Readings-In-South-Indian-History_text.pdf |archive-format=PDF |archive-date=2015-08-04 |url-status=live))</ref> The term Pottapi Chola is associated as a title with many of the chiefs of this family as for example Madhurantaka Pottapi Chola Ghattiyarasa and Madhurantaka Pottapi Chola Vimaladitya. Pottapi Cholas use the Charana Saroruha prasasti in their inscriptions. 

Pottapi Chodas: 

[[Srikantha Chola]] 

Dasavarma 

Vankēya Chola 

Balliya Chola Maharaja 

Mudigonda Chola Maharaja 

Bijjana 

Mallideva I 

Mallideva IV 

Opili Siddhi II 

Mahamandalesvara Ghattideva Maharaja alias Ghattiyarasa 

Bettarasa 

Siddharasa and Vimaladitya 

Somesvara and Mallideva   

==Konidena Chodas==

The Konidena Chodas were also a branch of the Renadu Chodas. Their capital was [[Konidena]] (also called as Kotyadona) near [[Narasaraopeta]] in the Guntur district. They ruled over parts of [[Palanadu]] in 11th and 12th centuries. Early kings Kannara Choda and Kama Choda were independent. Tribhuvana Malla Choda, son of Kama Choda, was a chieftain to Gonka II of [[Velanati Chodas]]. Nanni Choda, son of Tribhuvana Malla Choda declared independence again, but was soon defeated and forced to be vassals again by Gonka II. After the fall of Velanadu Chodas, they were forced to suzerainty by [[Ganapatideva]] of [[Kakatiya Empire|Kakatiyas]].

==Nannuru Chodas==

Nannuru Chodas were another branch of Telugu Chodas in the region of [[Pakanadu]]. The famous [[Telugu language|Telugu]] poet ''Kaviraja Sikhamani'' [[Nanne Choda]] belonged to this family. Not much is known of this clan and it is believed to have been a subordinate of [[Vikramaditya VI]] of [[Kalyani Chalukyas]].

==Nellore Chodas==

[[Nellore Chodas]] are Telugu Chodas who ruled from the city of Nellore in Andhra Pradesh and claimed descent from [[Karikala Chola]].

==Kunduru Chodas==

Kunduru/Kanduru Chodas.

==References==
((reflist))

==Sources==
* ((cite book|last1=Sastri|first1=K.A. Nilakanta|author-link1=K.A. Nilakanta Sastri|title=A history of south India : from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|date=1975|publisher=Oxford Univ. Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780195606867|edition=4))
* Durga Prasad, History of the Andhras up to 1565 A. D., P. G. PUBLISHERS, GUNTUR (1988)
* K.R.Subramanian, Buddhist Remains in Andhra and The History of Andhra
* Etukuri Balarama murthi,  Andhrula Samkshiptha Charithra
* Paula Richman,  Questioning Ramayana: A South Asian Tradition

[[Category:Dynasties of India]]
[[Category:Empires and kingdoms of India]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Chola dynasty]]
[[Category:History of Andhra Pradesh]]

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