KRI Teluk Manado
Class overview
Name	Teluk Gilimanuk class Hoyerswerda class / Frosch class
Builders	VEB Peenewerft, Wolgast
Operators	Volksmarine (former)  Indonesian Navy (current)
Preceded by	Teluk Semangka class
Succeeded by	Teluk Bintuni class
Built	1974–1980
In service	1976-1990 (Volksmarine) 1993–present (Indonesian Navy)
Planned	14
Completed	14
Active	11
Lost	2
Retired	1
General characteristics
Type	Medium landing ship
Displacement	Frosch I: 1,950 long tons (1,980 t) Frosch II: 1,700 long tons (1,700 t)
Length	Frosch I: 98 m (321 ft 6 in) Frosch II: 90.7 m (297 ft 7 in)
Beam	11.1 m (36 ft 5 in)
Draught	2.8 m (9.2 ft)
Installed power	Frosch I: 5,000 hp (3.7 MW) Frosch II: 4,408 hp (3.242 MW)
Propulsion	2 x 61B 4A diesel engines 2 x shafts
Speed	18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Capacity	11 amphibious tanks or 400–600 tons cargo
Troops	1 company of marines
Complement	46
Sensors and processing systems	TSR-333 I-band navigation radar[1] MR-302 Strut Curve F-band air/surface radar[1]
Electronic warfare & decoys	2 x PK-16 chaff launchers[1]
Armament	Frosch I: 1 × single Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun 1 × twin V-11 37 mm L/63 guns 2 × twin 2M-3 25 mm guns Frosch II: 2 x twin V-11 37 mm L/63 guns 2 x twin 2M-3 25 mm guns

The Teluk Gilimanuk class is a class of medium landing ship (LSM) that currently being operated by Indonesian Navy. They were originally built in East Germany for the Volksmarine as the Hoyerswerda class (NATO reporting name: Frosch I and II classes). These ships were acquired by Indonesian Navy in the 1990s.^[2]

Design

Teluk Gilimanuk or Hoyerswerda class consisted of two variants, the Project 108 (Frosch I) regular medium landing ship and Project 109 (Frosch II) combat support ship.

Project 108 (Frosch I) has a length of 98 m (322 ft), a beam of 11.1 m (36 ft), with a draught of 2.8 m (9.2 ft) and their displacement is 1,950 long tons (1,980 t) at full load. The ships is powered by two diesel engines, with total power output of 5,000 metric horsepower (3.7 MW) distributed in two shafts.^[1]

Project 109 (Frosch II) has a length of 90.7 m (298 ft), a beam of 11.1 m (36 ft), with a draught of 2.8 m (9.2 ft) and their displacement is 1,700 long tons (1,700 t) at full load. The ships is powered by two diesel engines, with total power output of 4,408 metric horsepower (3.242 MW) distributed in two shafts.^[3]

Both variants have a speed of 18 knots (33 km/h)^[1]

They both have a complement of 46 personnel.^[3]

The Project 108 has a cargo capacity of 600 long tons (610 t), while the Project 109 has a cargo capacity of 650 long tons (660 t). They are equipped with a 5-ton crane amidships.^[1][3]

The ships were initially armed with two АК-725 [ru] twin 57 mm guns, complemented by two AK-230 twin barrel 30 mm guns for Project 108, and two 2М-3 [ru] twin 25 mm autocannons for Project 109. Some ships of Project 108 were also equipped with two 40-tube 122 mm rocket launchers. Both variants were also equipped with Muff Cob fire control radar.^[4][5] In Indonesian service, the Project 108 ships were rearmed with one single Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun, one twin V-11 37 mm L/63 guns, and two twin 2М-3 25 mm autocannons,^[1] while the Project 109 were rearmed with two twin V-11 37 mm L/63 guns and two twin 2M-3 25 mm autocannons.^[3]

Development

Twelve former German Democratic Republic fast medium landing ships (531 to 542) of the Project 108 (Frosch I) class were built by VEB Peenewerft, Wolgast, to an East German design, between 1976 and 1979. This class was named after the East German town of Hoyerswerda.

Logistic support ships of the Project 109 (Frosch II) class were built by the same shipyard as a development of the Frosch I landing ships. Originally commissioned in the Volksmarine on between October 1979 and February 1980.

Transfer

The Hoyerswerda class ships, and two support ships of the Project 109 (Frosch II) class, were officially transferred to Indonesian Navy, a on 25 August 1993. Refitted in German yards prior to transfer, where all armament was removed, to be replaced later by Indonesia after delivery.

The Hoyerswerda class ships were a valuable addition to the Indonesian Navy's landing forces in view of the block obsolescence of their, then current, LST Mark 3 landing ships, obtained from the United States.^[6] The LST Mark 3's were designed in 1943, and built before 1946. They were powered by steam engines.Rottman, Gordon L. (2005). Landing Ship Tank (LST) 1942–2002. New Vanguard No. 115. Osprey Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-84176-923-3.

After transfer to Indonesia, the two logistic support ships of the Project 109 (Frosch II) class were fitted with 37 mm guns, and with rocket launchers mounted forward of the bridge. They were commissioned 25 April 1995.^[3]

The Teluk Gilimanuk-class ships were bought on 3 September 1992 based on President Instruction No. 3/1992 that was issued by late President Soeharto. The procurement also included 16 Parchim and 9 Kondor-class vessels worth a total cost of $482 million.^[7]

Operational history

Originally fourteen Teluk Gilimanuk-class LSMs were commissioned by the Indonesian Navy. All were built by VEB Peenewerft.

As of 2022 eleven ships are in active service, two were lost in accidents and one ship was retired.