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((lead extra info|date=February 2022))
((More citations needed|date=August 2021))
((distinguish|command line interface))
A '''Terminal Operating System''', or TOS, is a key part of a supply chain and primarily aims to control the movement and storage of various types of [[cargo]] in and around a [[port]] or [[Dock (maritime)|marine terminal]]. The systems also enables better use of assets, labour and equipment, plan workload, and receive up-to-date information.

Terminal operating systems generally fall under one of two categories depending on supported cargo type, namely, containerized or non-containerized.  Large container terminals typically require yard management functionality in a TOS, whereas bulk dry and liquid cargo terminals do not.

Terminal Operating Systems often use other technologies such as internet, [[Electronic data interchange|EDI processing]], mobile computers, wireless LANs and Radio-frequency identification (RFID) to efficiently monitor the flow of products in, out and around the terminal. Data is either a batch synchronization with, or a real-time wireless transmission to a central database. The database can then provide useful reports about the status of goods, locations and machines in the terminal.

The objective of a terminal operating system is to provide a set of computerized procedures to manage cargo, machines and people within the facility to enable a seamless link to efficiently and effectively manage the facility.

Terminal operating systems can be stand alone systems, managed as a service or use cloud technologies.

In its simplest form, the TOS can data track cargo in and out of a terminal.

== Functions ==
A Terminal Operating System may be used to do some or all of the following functions:

=== Shipping ===
Terminals requiring various types of [[ship transport]]
<br />
[[Container terminal]]s using [[Containerization]] for LO-LO (lift on Lift Off) operations such as [[List of container terminals|these]] require plans for efficiently loading and unloading [[Container ship]]s docked within their Terminal.

A [[port]] using [[Roll-on/roll-off|RO-RO]] [[ships]] require plans for efficiently loading automobiles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, trailers or railroad cars that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels.

=== Rail ===
Terminals that require the arrival and departure of [[cargo]] on [[Rail transport|trains]] such as [[Containerization|container trains]] or [[Bulk material handling|bulk cargo]].

=== Road ===
Handle the receival and release of [[Cargo]] for [[transshipment]] from other modes of transport or storage.

=== Yard management ===
Creating [[Shipping list]] or keeping track of [[Warehouse]] levels. Tracking machine moves around the terminal.

=== Invoicing/Reporting ===
[[Invoice|Invoicing]] and providing reports for internal and external use.

=== Inventory ===
Keeping track of [[Inventory]] and storing its movements.

=== Cargo Type ===
Various types of [[cargo]] can be managed dependent of terminal type.  This includes containers, dry bulk, liquid bulk, break bulk and vehicles (roll-on/roll-off).

==External Clients==
Terminals may wish to communicate with the following through their Terminal Operating System:
* Terminal operators
* Freight forwarder
* Shipping line or shipping agent
* Container operators
* Port authority
* Pilots, tugs and mooring gang
* Cargo owner (e.g. oil companies)
* Customs office

== Vendors/Suppliers ==
There are several suppliers of Terminal Operating Systems available.

* Autostore TOS, TBA Group <ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Cofano((Citation needed|date=February 2022))
* CommTrac<ref name=":0">((Cite web|title=Best Terminal Operating Systems (TOS) - 2021 Reviews & Comparison|url=https://sourceforge.net/software/terminal-operating-systems-tos/|website=sourceforge.net))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=Home ((!)) TBA Group|url=https://tba.group/en|website=tba.group|language=en))</ref><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* ContPark<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* DynaPORT<ref>((Cite web |title=TCS DynaPORT | url=https://www.tcs.com/what-we-do/industries/travel-and-logistics/solution/tcs-dynaport-tos-port-terminal-operating-system |language=en))</ref>
* GullsEye<ref name=":1">((Cite web|date=2021-08-13|title=Best Terminal Operating Systems (TOS) in 2021 ((!)) G2|url=https://www.g2.com/categories/terminal-operating-systems-tos|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813182948/https://www.g2.com/categories/terminal-operating-systems-tos|archive-date=2021-08-13))</ref><ref>((cite web|access-date=24 January 2023|title=Best Terminal Operating Systems (TOS)|url=https://www.g2.com/categories/terminal-operating-systems-tos))<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref name=":slashdot2023">((cite web|access-date=24 January 2023|title=Best Terminal Operating Systems (TOS) of 2023|url=https://slashdot.org/software/terminal-operating-systems-tos/))</ref>
* Hogia<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* INFORM<ref>((Cite web |title=Intermodal Terminals |url=https://www.inform-software.com/logistics/intermodal-terminals |access-date=2023-04-27 |website=www.inform-software.com |language=en))</ref>
* Infyz<ref name=":1" />
* iPortman<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* LynkGrid<ref>((cite web|access-date=24 January 2023|title=Find top products in Terminal Operating Systems (TOS) category|url=https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/terminal-operating-systems))<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* Mainsail<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* MarineBerth<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Master Terminal<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Navis<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Octopi (by Navis)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* OPUS Terminal<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* OSCAR<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Realtime Business Solutions (RBS)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Solvo.TOS<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":slashdot2023" />
* Softpak 
* Tidewords<ref>((Cite web |title=Tideworks Technology ((!)) Terminal Operating Systems |url=https://tideworks.com/ |access-date=2023-04-27 |website=Tideworks |language=en-US))</ref>

== See also ==
[[Electronic data interchange]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* [https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-choose-terminal-operating-system-tos-richard-willis How to Choose a Terminal Operating System]

[[Category:Logistics]]

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