The Commercial Bank was a bank founded in the year 1819 in British India. The bank was the eleventh oldest bank in India.^[1]

The bank was merged with The Calcutta Bank (1824) to form The Union Bank (1828) in 1828. Further, The Union Bank itself became defunct in 1848.^[1]

History

Founding

The bank was established in 1819 by the British agency house of Mackintosh & Co.^[2][3]

The bank played a major role in the early economic history of East Bengal and Bangladesh.^[4]

Management

Although the bank was largely a private bank, it enjoyed patronage from the then government of India, the East India Company.^{[citation needed]}

The bank was staffed by mostly British nationals who were drawn mainly from the East India Company.^{[citation needed]}

The bank had most of its offices and branches in East Bengal, which is the present day Bangladesh.^{[citation needed]}

Final Years

The bank lasted in business for only nine years and was finally merged with The Calcutta Bank (1824) to form The Union Bank (1828) in 1828. In 1828, there was an economic crisis which forced a Bank run on the bank and precipitated the merger with The Calcutta Bank (1824) to form The Union Bank (1828) in 1828.^{[1][5][unreliable source?]}

The bank also issued its own currency notes in its nine years of existence.^{[6][unreliable source?][7][8]}

The total value of the banknotes issued by the bank is estimated to be around Rupees 16 lakhs.^{[9][unreliable source?]}

Legacy

The bank is notable for being the eleventh oldest bank in India.^[1] It is also notable for being one of the first institutions in India to issue its own paper banknotes or currency notes.^[7][8][3]

The ability of private banks to issue their own currency notes was taken away by The Paper Currency Act, 1861.^[10][11]