The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Prior to 19th century

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History of Pakistan
Timeline
Ancient Palaeolithic Soanian culture, c. 500,000 – 250,000 BCE Neolithic Mehrgarh, c. 7000 – c. 3000 BCE Indus Valley Civilisation, c. 3300 – c. 1700 BCE Vedic Civilization, c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE Achaemenid Empire, c. 550 – c. 330 BCE Gedrosia, c. 542 – c. 330 BCE Gandhara, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE Arachosia, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE Hindush, c. 517 – c. 330 BCE Sattagydia, c. 516 – c. 330 BCE Ror dynasty, c. 489 – c. 450 BCE Macedonian Empire, c. 329 – c. 323 BCE Arachosia, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Gedrosia, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Paropamisadae, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Porus, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Taxiles, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Mauryan Empire, c. 322 – c. 200 BCE Seleucid Empire, c. 312 – c. 63 BCE Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, c. 190 – c. 140 BCE Indo-Greek Kingdom, c. 170 – c. 50 BCE Indo-Scythian Kingdom, c. 110 BCE – c. 95 CE Apracharajas, c. 25 BCE – c. 50 CE Paratarajas, c. 120 – c. 300 CE
Classical Parthian Empire, c. 90 BCE – c. 25 CE Indo-Parthian Kingdom, c. 25 – c. 80 CE Kushan Empire, c. 60 – 345 CE Sasanian Empire, c. 250 – 655 CE Indo-Sasanians, c. 240 – 410 CE Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom, c. 240 – 410 CE Gupta Empire, c. 345 – c. 455 CE Rai dynasty, c. 415 – 644 CE Hephthalite Empire, c. 450 – 560 CE Brahman dynasty, c. 641 – 725 CE
Medieval Caliphate, c. 643 – 860 CE Rashidun Caliphate, c. 643 – 661 CE Umayyad Caliphate, c. 670 – 860 CE Pala Empire, c. 770 – 850 CE Habbari dynasty, c. 841 – 1024 CE Hindu Shahi, c. 870 – 1010 CE Samanid Empire, c. 905 – 999 CE Ghaznavids, c. 999 – 1186 CE Soomra dynasty, c. 1024 – 1351 CE Ghurid dynasty, c. 1170 – 1215 CE Delhi Sultanate, c. 1206 – c. 1526 CE Mamluk dynasty, c. 1206 – c. 1290 CE Khalji dynasty, c. 1290 – c. 1320 CE Tugluq dynasty, c. 1320 – c. 1413 CE Sayyid dynasty, c. 1414 – c. 1451 CE Lodhi dynasty, c. 1451 – c. 1526 CE Mongol Empire, c. 1221 – c. 1327 CE Chagatai Khanate, c. 1225 – c. 1485 CE Ilkhanate, c. 1256 – c. 1353 CE Raees dynasty, c. 1320 – 1620 CE Katoor dynasty, c. 1570 – c. 1947 CE Samma dynasty, c. 1351 – c. 1524 CE Arghun dynasty, c. 1520 – c. 1554 CE Mughal Empire, c. 1526 – c. 1707 CE Bombay Presidency, c. 1618 – c. 1947 CE Suri dynasty, c. 1540 – c. 1556 CE Tarkhan dynasty, c. 1554 – 1591 CE
Early modern Durrani Empire, c. 1747 – c. 1826 CE Las Bela, c. 1802 – c. 1947 CE Misl, c. 1716 – c. 1799 CE Maratha Empire, c. 1758 – c. 1760 CE Sikh Empire, c. 1799 – c. 1849 CE British Raj, c. 1858 – c. 1947 CE Independence Movement
Modern Pakistan, c. 1947 CE – present Dominion of Pakistan, c. 1947 – 1956 CE Islamic Republic, c. 1956 CE – present
History of provinces Azad Kashmir Balochistan East Pakistan Gilgit-Baltistan Islamabad Capital Territory Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Punjab Sindh
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• 127 CE - Purushapura becomes eastern capital of Buddhist kingdom Gandhara (approximate date).
• 978 CE - Sabaktagin defeats Jayapala.^[1]
• 1001 - 27 November: Battle of Peshawar; Mahmud of Ghazni in power.
• 1006 - Mahmud of Ghazni defeats Anandapala.^[2][3]
• 1180 - Mu'izz-Ud-Din Muhammad Ibn Sam in power.^[2]
• 1630 - Mohabbat Khan Mosque built.
• 1758 - 8 May: Battle of Peshawar; Marathas in power.

19th century

• 1809 - Mountstuart Elphinstone arrives as ambassador to Shah Shujah.^[3]
• 1810 - Wazir Bagh (garden) laid out.^{[citation needed]}
• 1825 - Sikh Ranjit Singh in power.^[4]
• 1834
  • Hari Singh Nalwa in power.
  • Bala Hissar (fort) rebuilt.^[5]
• 1838 - Italian Paolo Avitabile in power.^[6][3]
• 1849
  • British in power.^[7][3]
  • Gorak Nath Temple built.^[8]
• 1850s - Grand Trunk Road Lahore-Peshawar extension constructed (approximate date).^[9]
• 1851 - Peshawar cemetery established.^[10]
• 1860 - Flood.^[11]
• 1867 - Municipality constituted.^[12]
• 1868
  • British Peshawar Cantonment laid out near city.
  • Population: 56,589 (city); 58,555 (municipality).^[11]
• 1881 - Population: 79,982.^[13]
• 1882 - Sethi Mohallah residence built.^[14]
• 1883 - All Saints Church opens in cantonment.^[5]
• 1891 - Population: 54,191.^[12]
• 1900
  • Cunningham clock tower built.^[10]
  • Edwardes College established.^[10]

20th century

• 1901
  • City becomes capital of the North-West Frontier Province.^[12]
  • Population: 95,147.^[3]
• 1906 - Victoria Hall built.
• 1907 - Peshawar Museum founded.
• 1909 - Ancient Buddhist Kanishka casket discovered by archaeologists in Shah-ji-Dheri near city.
• 1913 - Islamia College established.^[15]
• 1922 - Kapoor Haveli (residence) built.
• 1925 - Khaiber railway built.^[16]
• 1930
  • 23 April: Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre.
  • Novelty cinema opens.^[17]
• 1932 - Khyber Mail newspaper begins publication.^[18]
• 1934 - Landsdowne cinema opens.^[17]
• 1936 - Radio station begins broadcasting.^[19]
• 1939 - Al Falah newspaper begins publication.^[20]
• 1941
  • Al-Jamiat-e-Sarhad newspaper begins publication.^[20]
  • Population: 130,967.^[7]

Independence: since 1947

• 1947 - City becomes part of the Dominion of Pakistan.
• 1948 - City becomes capital of the Peshawar province.^[2]
• 1949 - Frontier Corps military reserve headquartered in Bala Hissar (fort).^[10]
• 1950
  • University of Peshawar established.
  • Shahab-e-saqib and Qallandar Urdu-language newspapers begin publication.^[20]
• 1951 - Population: 151,776.^[21]
• 1954 - Khyber Medical College established.
• 1955
  • City becomes part of West Pakistan.^[2]
  • The Statesman English-language newspaper begins publication.^[20]
  • Abasin Arts Society established.
• 1956 - City becomes part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
• 1958 - Amal newspaper begins publication.^[20]
• 1964 - Peshawar Press Club founded.
• 1965 - Bacha Khan International Airport in operation.
• 1972 - Population: 268,366.^[22]
• 1975
  • Qayyum Stadium opens.
  • Hayatabad suburb established.^[23]
• 1976 - Wahdat Pashto-language newspaper begins publication.
• 1977 - Shahādat newspaper begins publication.^[18]
• 1980 - May: Explosion at Jamiat Islami Afghanistan headquarters.^[24]
• 1981
  • Population: 555,000.^[2]
  • Kacha Garhi refugee camp established near city.^[23]
• 1982
  • Jalozai Afghan refugee camp in operation.^[23]
  • Afghan Islamic Press news agency established.
• 1984 - Mujāhid Wulas newspaper begins publication.^[18]
• 1985
  • Karkhano Market and Nishtar Hall^[25] established.
  • The Frontier Post (English-language) newspaper begins publication.^[20]
• 1987 - Frontier Times in publication (approximate date).^[18]
• 1994 - Bus hijacking.
• 1995 - Bombing.
• 1996 - Qalb-e-Asia Cultural Centre established.^[23]
• 1998 - Population: 982,816.^[26]

21st century

• 2004 - Peshawar Panthers cricket team formed.
• 2007 - 15 May: suicide Hotel bombing.
• 2008 - 6 September and 5 December: Bombings.^[27]
• 2009
  • 5 March: Bombing at Rahman Baba shrine.^[28]
  • 9 June: Pearl Continental hotel bombing.
  • 9 October: Bombing in Khyber Bazaar.
  • 28 October: Bombing in Mina Bazar.
  • 19 November: Judicial complex bombing.
• 2010
  • 5 April: attack on the United States consulate.
  • 19 April: Bombing in Qissa Khwani Bazaar.^[29]
  • July - August: Flood.
  • Air pollution in Peshawar reaches annual mean of 111 PM2.5 and 540 PM10, much higher than recommended.^[30]
• 2011
  • PIA Planetarium inaugurated.
  • Saeed Book Bank closes.^[31]
  • 9 March: Suicide bombing.
  • 10 May: Car bombing kills a journalist.
  • 12 June: Double bombing in Khyber market area.
• 2012 - 15 December: Bacha Khan International Airport attack.
• 2013
  • 21 June: Suicide bombing at Shia mosque in Gulshan Colony.
  • 22 September: Double suicide bombing at a church.
  • 29 September: Bombing at Qissa Khwani Bazaar.
• 2014
  • 2 and 11 February: Cinema bombings.
  • 16 December: School massacre.
• 2015 - 13 February: Mosque attack.
• 2016 - 16 March: Bus bombing.
• 2017
  • Population: 1,970,042.^[32]
  • 15 February: Hayatabad bombing.
  • 8 May: Bombings.
  • Dengue outbreak.
  • 24 November: Police vehicle attack.
  • 1 December: Agricultural Directorate attack.
• 2018 - 10 July : Bombing.
• 2020 - 27 October: School boombing.
• 2022 - 4 March: Mosque attack.