This is a timeline of Sudanese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Sudan and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Sudan. See that the [[list of governors of pre-independence list of heads of state of Sudan.
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1881 | Mahdist War: A war began against the United Kingdom and Egypt | |
| 1898 | Sudan fell under the rule of an Anglo-Egyptian condominium. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1955 | First Sudanese Civil War begins | |
| 1956 | The country becomes independent as the Republic of the Sudan | |
| 1983 | Second Sudanese Civil War begins |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | February | Al-Turabi was arrested for signing a memorandum with the SPLA. |
| March | The United Nations (UN) World Food Programme struggled to feed millions facing starvation. | |
| April | The SPLA threatened to attack foreign oil workers. | |
| June | Peace talks in Nairobi broke down. | |
| July | Egypt and Libya proposed a peace plan for Sudan. | |
| September | The UN lifted sanctions against Sudan. | |
| October | United States Senator John Danforth was appointed Special Envoy to Sudan. | |
| November | The United States imposed sanctions on Sudan. | |
| 2002 | January | A ceasefire was agreed between the government and the SPLA. |
| 20 July | Second Sudanese Civil War: The Machakos Protocol ended the nineteen-year civil war. | |
| 2003 | February | War in Darfur: The war began. |
| 2004 | January | The army moved into Darfur to quell the rebellion, prompting hundreds of thousands of refugees to flee into neighbouring Chad. |
| March | A UN official accused pro-government Janjaweed militias of carrying out systematic killings in Darfur. | |
| September | United States Secretary of State Colin Powell described the Darfur killings as genocide. | |
| 2005 | 9 January | The Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed between the SPLA and the government. |
| March | The United Nations Security Council authorised sanctions against any violators of the Darfur ceasefire. | |
| June | Al-Turabi was freed. | |
| July | John Garang was sworn in as vice-president. | |
| 1 August | Garang died in a plane crash and was succeeded by Salva Kiir Mayardit. | |
| September | A power-sharing government was established. | |
| October | An autonomous government was formed in southern Sudan. | |
| 2006 | May | The government signed a peace accord with a Darfur rebel group, the Sudan Liberation Movement. |
| October | Jan Pronk, head of the United Nations Mission in Sudan, was expelled from the country. | |
| November | African Union peacekeepers extended their stay in Darfur for a further six months. | |
| 2007 | May | The United States placed fresh sanctions on Sudan. |
| 31 July | United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769 authorised twenty-six thousand peacekeepers for Darfur. | |
| August | 2007 Sudan floods: Floods began. | |
| September | 2007 Sudan floods: The floods ended. | |
| November | Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case: A British teacher was imprisoned for naming a teddy bear Muhammad. |
On 11 and 15 April 2010, Southern Sudan Regional Elections: A South Sudanese There was a regional elections in Southern Sudan in which Salva Kiir Mayardit won by 93% of the votes.[citation needed]