The Norwegian railway network has used two types of train radio, Scanet and GSM-R. A train radio is a mobile telecommunications network that allows a train driver, maintenance crews and other rail transport officials to communicate with a dispatcher or each other. Scanet was an analog radio system installed on the main lines, limited to electrified lines with automatic train protection, between 1995 and 1999.[1] The implementation left out many lines, which were instead covered by Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT 450) network.[2]

The lack of a train radio on the Røros Line was a contributing factor to the Åsta accident. This spurred the demand for full coverage.[3] At the same time, the European Union required new systems to use the GSM-R standard, which will be implemented throughout Europe. GSM-R was rolled out between 2004 and 2007 and covers almost the entire network. It was also built to have 100% coverage in all tunnels, which was not achieved with Scanet. GSM-R was first rolled out on lines without Scanet, and then replaced the older system right-out.[4] Both Scanet and GSM-R consist of mobile station in the trains, base stations along the track, and a core network connected to the central traffic control centers.[1] The implementation of GSM-R cost 1.8 billion Norwegian krone.[5]

List

The following is a list of all railway lines with train radio. It includes the date of opening of the train radio, including the affected section, and the standard used. Freight-only lines are excluded from the list, even if they may have had Scanet or have GSM-R.[6][7]

Date Line Section System
7 May 1995 Sørlandet Drammen–Hokksund Scanet
7 May 1995 Randsfjorden Hokksund–Hønefoss Scanet
17 December 1996 Sørlandet Sira–Stavanger Scanet
7 May 1997 Drammen Oslo S – Drammen Scanet
7 May 1997 Bergen Hønefoss–Bergen Scanet
16 May 1997 Sørlandet Hokksund–Kristiansand Scanet
17 December 1997 Sørlandet Kristiansand–Stavanger Scanet
9 July 1998 Gjøvik Oslo S – Roa Scanet
9 July 1998 Roa–Hønefoss Roa–Hønefoss Scanet
9 July 1998 Østfold Oslo S – Kornsjø Scanet
9 July 1998 Trunk Lillestrøm–Eidsvoll Scanet
9 July 1998 Dovre Eidsvoll–Trondheim Scanet
9 July 1998 Kongsvinger Lillestrøm–Magnor Scanet
9 July 1998 Vestfold Drammen–Porsgrunn Scanet
9 July 1998 Bratsberg Nordagutu–Porsgrunn Scanet
8 October 1998 Gardermoen Lillestrøm–Eidsvoll Scanet
22 August 1999 Gardermoen Oslo S – Lillestrøm Scanet
15 May 2004 Nordland Rognan–Bodø GSM-R
1 December 2004 Nordland Trondheim S – Rognan GSM-R
1 December 2004 Meråker Hell–Storlien GSM-R
1 December 2004 Stavne–Leangen Stavne–Leangen GSM-R
1 December 2004 Røros Hamar–Støren GSM-R
1 December 2004 Dovre Dombås – Trondheim S GSM-R
1 May 2005 Flåm Myrdal–Flåm GSM-R
1 November 2005 Gjøvik Roa–Gjøvik GSM-R
1 November 2005 Eastern Østfold Ski–Sarpsborg GSM-R
2 January 2007 Østfold Oslo S – Kornsjø GSM-R
2 January 2007 Gardermoen Oslo S – Eidsvoll GSM-R
2 January 2007 Trunk Oslo S – Eidsvoll GSM-R
2 January 2007 Kongsvinger Lillestrøm–Charlottenberg GSM-R
2 January 2007 Dovre Eidsvoll–Dombås GSM-R
2 January 2007 Gjøvik Oslo S – Roa GSM-R
2 January 2007 Drammen Oslo S – Drammen GSM-R
2 January 2007 Asker Sandvika–Asker GSM-R
2 January 2007 Spikkestad Asker–Spikkestad GSM-R
2 January 2007 Sørlandet Drammen–Stavanger GSM-R
2 January 2007 Randsfjorden Drammen–Hønefoss GSM-R
2 January 2007 Bergen Hønefoss–Bergen GSM-R
2 January 2007 Roa–Hønefoss Roa–Hønefoss GSM-R
2 January 2007 Vestfold Drammen–Porsgrunn GSM-R
2 January 2007 Bratsberg Nordagutu–Porsgrunn GSM-R

References

  1. ^ a b Solberg, Bjørn Olav (1994). "Train radio system for Norwegian State Railways" (PDF). Telektronikk (4). Telenor: 73–81. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  2. ^ Melsom, Jens (10 January 2002). "Kommentarer til høring– Fremtidig bruk at NMT-450 frekvensbåndene" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  3. ^ Enghaug, Paul (11 February 2002). "NSBs nye togradio holder bare fem år". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 11.
  4. ^ "Høring – Endring av togframføringsforskriften og signalforskriften bl.a. som følge av innføring av GSM-R som togradio mv" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. 6 July 2007. Archived from the original on 24 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  5. ^ "GSM-R tatt i bruk som togradio". Computer Weekly. 1 November 2007. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  6. ^ "Railway Statistics 2004" (PDF). Norwegian National Rail Administration. 2005. p. 40. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2010.
  7. ^ Norwegian National Rail Administration (2009). "Railway Statistics 2008" (PDF). p. 42. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
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