Timken 1111
Timken 1111 as built
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder American Locomotive Company (Alco) Serial number 68056 Build date 1930
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-8-4  • UIC 2′D2′ h2 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Driver dia. 73 in (1,854 mm) Loco weight Working: 417,500 lb (208.8 ST; 186.4 LT; 189.4 t) Empty: 371,100 lb (185.6 ST; 165.7 LT; 168.3 t) Tender weight Working: 301,000 lb (151 ST; 134 LT; 137 t) Empty: 140,700 lb (70.4 ST; 62.8 LT; 63.8 t) Tender type Class 55E Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 21 short tons (18.8 long tons; 19.1 t) Water cap. 14,550 US gal (55,100 L; 12,120 imp gal) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 88.3 sq ft (8.20 m2) Boiler pressure 250 lbf/in2 (1.72 MPa) Superheater Type E Cylinders Two, outside Cylinder size 27 in × 30 in (686 mm × 762 mm)
Performance figures Tractive effort Loco: 63,700 lbf (283.35 kN) Booster: 12,800 lbf (56.94 kN) Factor of adh. 3.84
Career Operators Timken Roller Bearing Company Northern Pacific Railroad Class A-1 Number in class 1 Numbers 2626 Nicknames Four Aces Locale regular service in Washington, Idaho and Montana Delivered February 8, 1933 Retired August 4, 1957 Disposition Scrapped

Timken 1111, also called the Timken Four Aces, was a 4-8-4 steam locomotive built in 1930 by American Locomotive Company (Alco) as a demonstration unit for new roller bearings produced by the Timken Roller Bearing Company. It was the first locomotive built with all sealed roller bearings rather than plain bearings or a combination of the two. It was later operated by the Northern Pacific Railroad as their 2626.

Timken attempted to cooperate with Northern Pacific Railroad at the end of the engine's career to preserve it and while the Northern Pacific was willing to cooperate in preserving the engine, the attempt ultimately failed and the engine was scrapped in 1958.^[1]

Design and construction

Timken chose a 4-8-4 on which to demonstrate the company's roller bearings so the locomotive could be used in all types of railroad work, especially on heavy freight and fast passenger trains. 52 manufacturers agreed to supply parts for the locomotive "on account" until the locomotive operated over 100,000 miles (161,000 km). The suppliers' names were placed on a plaque attached to the tender for the duration of the demonstration period.

Assembly took place at Alco's Schenectady, New York plant, the former Schenectady Locomotive Works.

In-service demonstration

The locomotive's first demonstration runs were hauling freight on the New York Central Railroad. It was subsequently used on 13 other major railroads, including the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, New Haven Railroad and Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), in both freight and passenger service. The PRR used the locomotive on a passenger train where it hauled twelve passenger cars through the Allegheny Mountains so well that the train did not require the use of helpers and arrived at its destination three minutes early.

At some of the stations on the locomotive's demonstration runs, publicity stunts were held where the locomotive was pulled by as few as three men (and in Chicago, by three women). The stunts showed that the roller bearings produced so little friction that the locomotive could easily be moved by hand.

By August 1931, the locomotive had run over 90,000 miles (145,000 km) when it was delivered to the Northern Pacific Railroad, the 15th railroad to demonstrate it. With a dynamometer car in tow, the Northern Pacific was able to drive the locomotive at sustained speeds as high as 88 mph (142 km/h) while pulling the North Coast Limited passenger train past Willow Creek, Montana. However, while in service for the Northern Pacific, 1111 suffered severe crown sheet damage. Timken demanded Northern Pacific repair it, but they refused to repair a locomotive they did not own. The resulting agreement led to the sale of 1111 to Northern Pacific.

Regular use and disposition

The Northern Pacific purchased the 1111 from Timken on February 8, 1933, after it crossed the 100,000-mile (160,000 km) mark. The railroad renumbered it 2626, classifying it internally as locomotive class A-1 (it was the class's sole member), used it in passenger service between Seattle and Yakima, Washington, then shifted its service to passenger trains between Seattle and Missoula, Montana. They operated it for 23 years before retiring it from active service. Its last run was on August 4, 1957 when it pulled a passenger train from Seattle to Cle Elum and back.

Following its retirement, NP reported that 2626 had covered 2.1 million miles while in NP service and had consumed 80,000 tons of coal, 9 million gallons of fuel oil, and more than 17.5 million gallons of water.^[2]

Efforts were made to preserve the locomotive. The Timken Company even tried to purchase it and return to the company's Canton, Ohio headquarters under its own power, but it was scrapped before Timken and Northern Pacific could complete their negotiations.