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((short description|Volcano and island in Temotu Province, Solomon Islands))
((more citations needed|date=April 2013))
((Use dmy dates|date=November 2017))
((Infobox mountain
| name = Tinakula
| photo = Steam and Ash Plume over Tinakula Island - NASA Earth Observatory.jpg
| photo_caption = [[NASA]] picture of Tinakula spewing ashes (2012)
| elevation_m = 851
| elevation_ref = 
| prominence = 
| location = [[Solomon Islands]]
| coordinates = ((coord|10|23|S|165|48|E|type:mountain|display=inline,title))
| map = Solomon Islands
| type = [[Stratovolcano]]
| age = 
| volcanic_arc/belt = Bougainville & Solomon Is.
| last_eruption = 2021
| first_ascent = 
| easiest_route = 
))
'''Tinakula''' is a conical [[stratovolcano]] which forms an [[island]] north of [[Nendo Island|Nendo]] in [[Temotu Province]], [[Solomon Islands]]. It lies at the north end of the [[Santa Cruz Islands]]. It is about ((convert|3.5|km|mi|0|abbr=off)) wide and rises ((convert|851|m|ft|0|abbr=off)) [[above sea level]], rising ((convert|3|to|4|km|mi|spell=in|abbr=off)) from the [[sea floor]]. The volcano was first recorded in eruption in 1595 when [[Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira|Álvaro de Mendaña]] sailed past it.

==History and occupation==
The island is uninhabited. A population was eradicated when the volcano erupted around 1840 and [[pyroclastic flow]]s swept all sides of the island. In 1951, [[polynesians]] from [[Nukapu]] and [[Nupani]] settled on the island, which reached a peak population of 130, before it had to be evacuated with the 1971 eruption. The village of ''Temateneni'' was on the southeast coast. In the late 1980s, two families (fewer than 10 people) from Nupani made another attempt at settlement.

The first recorded sighting by Europeans was by the Spanish expedition of [[Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira|Álvaro de Mendaña]] on 7 September 1595, when sailing towards [[Nendo Island]] where they stayed for several weeks. The volcano was described as lofty, with a well shaped peak, and a circumference of around 3 [[League (unit)|leagues]] (6.6km).<ref>Sharp, Andrew ''The discovery of the Pacific Islands'' Oxford, 1960, pp.52.</ref><ref>Brand, Donald D. ''The Pacific Basin: A History of its Geographical Explorations'' The American Geographical Society, New York, 1967, p.136.</ref>

There is a brief reference in the ''Melbourne Age'' newspaper of 10 November 1868 of the journey of the barque ''Tycoon'', a ship carrying tea from [[Fuzhou]] to [[Melbourne]] for the Joshua Brothers. The ship, it states, "... passed Volcano Island, one of the South (Santa) Cruz Group, on the 17th of October (1868). It was then in active operation, vomiting forth immense volumes of fire and smoke."

==See also==
((Portal|Islands))
* [[List of volcanoes in the Solomon Islands]]
* [[List of islands]]
* [[Desert island]]

==References and sources==
;References
((reflist))
;Sources
* ((cite gvp|vnum=256010|name=Tinakula))

==External links==
* [http://www.iomoon.com/tinakula.html Tinakula featured on Solomon Islands stamps]

((Islands of the Solomon Islands))

((Authority control))

[[Category:Active volcanoes]]
[[Category:Mountains of the Solomon Islands]]
[[Category:Stratovolcanoes of the Solomon Islands]]
[[Category:Uninhabited islands of the Solomon Islands]]
[[Category:Former populated places in Oceania]]
[[Category:Holocene stratovolcanoes]]

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