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((Short description|Pungent solution of benzoin resin in ethanol))
((redirect|Friar's Balsam|the horse|Friar's Balsam (horse)))
'''Tincture of benzoin''' is a pungent solution of [[benzoin resin]] in [[ethanol]]. A similar preparation called '''Friar's Balsam''' or '''Compound Benzoin Tincture''' contains, in addition, [[Cape aloe]]s or [[Barbados aloe]]s and [[storax]] resin.<ref>((citation | entry=Compound Benzoin Tincture | title=[[British Pharmacopoeia]] | volume=3 | year=2009))</ref><ref>((citation | entry=Compound Benzoin Tincture | title=United States Pharmacopeia | volume=USP29-NF24 | year=2006 ))</ref> Friar's balsam was invented by the English doctor and MP [[Joshua Ward]] ((circa|1760)).<ref>((Cite web|date=|title=Joshua Ward|url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/joshua-ward|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-03|website=Westminster Abbey|language=en))</ref>

== Use ==
((More citations needed section|date=February 2021))
Compound Benzoin Tincture is often applied to skin under an [[adhesive bandage]]. It protects the skin from allergy to the adhesive and makes the bandage adhere longer.<ref name=":0">((Cite journal | author1=R. A. Wascher | author2=P. J. Barcia | year=1996 | title=Tincture of benzoin: clinical and microbiological implications of reusable containers | journal=[[Military Medicine (journal)|Military Medicine]] | volume=161 | issue=3 | pages=143–145 | doi=10.1093/milmed/161.3.143 | pmid=8637641| doi-access=free ))</ref> It is also used by athletes for its reputation of toughening skin. Orthopedists often apply it under a [[Orthopedic cast|cast]], because it protects the skin and diminishes itching.

It is also an old remedy for congested sinuses and lungs. A few drops on the surface of a bowl of hot water, over which one holds one's face and breathes the steam;  preferably, with a towel over one's head, to keep the steam in.

It can be applied to [[skin fissure]]s, [[canker sore]]s and [[fever blister]]s as a [[styptic]] and [[antiseptic]].<ref name=":0"/>
It is thought that light turns the Benzoin Tincture in these modern containers to a darker color. The newly produced tincture is often quite clear until mixed and heated in a pot of water or left uncapped or exposed for an unspecified time, at which it turns to a maple syrup brown color. It is unknown if oxidation occurs to produce the dark color or the effects of UV light on the substance. The compounding of Benzoin Tincture with other substances, such as [[Aloe]] and [[Tolu balsam]], is also thought to cause the variation of color. 

The Tincture of Benzoin is available in 60 mL dark amber glass bottles. This is the traditional way of packaging as opposed to the individual applicators currently made popular by 3M in hospitals with [[Steri-Strips]]: small clear glass ampules containing 0.6mL and plugged with a fluffed cotton bung.<ref>((cite web |title=3M™ Steri-Strip™ Compound Benzoin Tincture C1544, 0.6 ml vial, 40 Bag/Carton |url=https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/p/d/v000095028/ |website=3M |access-date=22 February 2022))</ref>  

It is issued and used in the U.S. military to treat [[blister]]s. A common treatment utilized by medics in the U.S. Army is to drain the fluid from a blister and then inject enough compound tincture of benzoin into the void to glue the blister to the underlying skin, to serve as a local antiseptic, and to prevent further abrasion or loss of skin.((Citation needed|date=May 2023))  This is commonly known as a "hot shot" amongst military personnel due to the extreme burning sensation that will be experienced for several moments when the tincture is applied. Those who have undergone this treatment do not find the blisters to cause any irritation subsequently((Citation needed|date=May 2023)), causes for this could either be somatic or psychological as the medicinal properties have not been studied. 

Both compounds are also used in [[cosmetics]].

==References==
((reflist))

[[Category:Perfume ingredients]]
[[Category:Resins]]
[[Category:Tinctures]]

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