Tirzah /ˈtɜːrzə/ (Hebrew: תִּרְצָה, variant "Thirza") is a biblical name, one of the daughters of Zelophehad, and subsequently the name of a biblical city.[1]
Tirzah is first mentioned in the Torah (Numbers 26:33) as one of the five daughters of Zelophehad. After the death of their father, the five sisters went to Moses and asked him for hereditary rights (Numbers 27:1–11). Moses brought their plea to God, and it was granted. To this day, women in Judaism have the right to inherit property, though only when there are no male heirs with an equally close relationship to the deceased.
Tirzah (my delight) was one of those five daughters of Zelophehad, whose heiresship occupies two chapters of the Book of Numbers. She probably was the origin of Thirza, the name of Abel's wife in Gessner's idyll of the Death of Abel, a great favourite among the lower classes in England, whence Thyrza has become rather a favourite in English cottages.
— Yonge, 1878[2]
Tirzah is mentioned as a town in Song of Solomon 6:4 Thou art beautiful, O my love, as Tirzah, comely as Jerusalem, terrible as an army with banners.
Tirzah is a figure in William Blake's mythology, notably in his poem To Tirzah from Songs of Experience. According to Northrop Frye, Blake identified both the Biblical city of Tirzah and the daughter of Zelophehad with worldliness and materialism, as opposed to the spiritual realm of Jerusalem in Judah.[3]
The name Tirzah has a similar symbolism in Lew Wallace's novel Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ, in which it is given to the leprosy-afflicted sister of Judah Ben-Hur, who is eventually cleansed by Jesus. The character of Tirzah, played by Cathy O'Donnell, appears in William Wyler's 1959 film Ben-Hur, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture.
A character named Tirzah Vame appears in Ward Moore's 1953 novel Bring the Jubilee.
Tirzah is also the main character in Sara Douglass's novel Threshold.
Tirzah is one of the names used to refer to the character "Angel" in Francine Rivers's book Redeeming Love.
In "Giants in the Earth," by Esther Friesner in Turn the Other Chick (Chicks in Chainmail series), Tirzah is a concubine of King David who becomes one of the series' titular sword-wielding "chicks." In Agatha Christie's murder mystery The Pale Horse, one of the three women who claim to be witches is named Thyrza Grey.