Primarily, Pashtuns dominate this area. The main Pashtun tribe of Torghar is Yusufzai, which constitutes more than half of the district population.[citation needed]
History
By 1849, the British had successfully established their control over the entire region of Hazara. Despite this dominance, the local tribes exhibited occasional rebellious tendencies, with notable instances involving the Swatis and the Tor Ghar tribes.[5][6] The British responded by launching numerous expeditions to quell these uprisings, a series of campaigns that stretched from 1852 through to the 1920s.[7][8][9]
On 18 June 1888, two British officers and four Gurkha soldiers were killed in an altercation between the British reconnaissance patrols and the local tribes. As a response, the Hazara Field Force was assembled and began its march on 4 October 1888, after an ultimatum had not been satisfied by the tribes by October 2, 1888.[8] The first phase of the campaign ended with the Hassanzai and Akazai tribes requesting an armistice on October 19, 1888. The second phase of the campaign targeted the tribes that lived north of the Black Mountain such as the Allaiwals, the Parari Sayyids and the Tikariwals.[11] The campaign ended when the Allaiwal village of Pokal was occupied and destroyed by the British on November 2 and 3, 1888.[8]
a success from a military point of view, but … the determination of the Punjab Government to limit the sphere of action of the troops, and to hurry out of the country, prevented our reaping any political advantage. We lost a grand opportunity for gaining control over this lawless and troublesome district; no survey was made, no roads opened out, the tribesmen were not made to feel our power, and, consequently, very soon another costly expedition had to be undertaken.[12]
The failure of the tribes to honour the agreements that ended the 1888 campaign led to a further two-month expedition by a Hazara Field Force in 1891.[13] General Roberts observed that
the Black Mountain tribes, [having been] quite unsubdued by the fruitless expedition of 1888, had given trouble almost immediately afterwards. [The second expedition] was completely successful in political results as in its military conduct. The columns were not withdrawn until the tribesmen had become convinced that they were powerless to sustain a hostile attitude towards us, and that it was in their interest, as it was our wish, that they should henceforth be on amicable terms with us.[14]
British and Indian Army forces who took part in these expeditions received the India General Service Medal with the clasps Hazara 1888 and Hazara 1891 respectively.[15]
2005 earthquake
Torghar was severely affected by the Kashmir earthquake in 2005. According to a report in the Time magazine: "Entire villages were devastated; in an instant, stone houses turned into burial mounds. The Indus river, flowing at the bottom of the valleys, recalls one tribal elder, Mohammed Said, "looked like water boiling inside a tea kettle"."[16]
Geography
It lies between 34°32' and 34°50' N, and 72°48' and 72°58' E. It is bounded on the east by Agror and on the south by Tanawal; to the west it is bounded by Buner, to the northeast it borders with Battagram. The range has a length of 40 kilometres (25 mi) to 48 kilometres (30 mi) from north to south and an elevation of 2,400 metres (8,000 ft) above sea level. This area has also been called Chagharzai, because of adjoining Chagharzai areas of Buner District. Opposite Kala Dhaka (officially 'Kala Dhaka' has been renamed 'Tor Ghar'), across the Indus River is Shangla District, mainly the area belonging to Tehsil Martung.
Administration
Torghar district covers an area of 497 km2 (25,8125 acres) and is divided into 16 Union Councils, grouped in two Tehsils.
At the time of the 2017 census the district had 26,281 households and a population of 171,349. Torghar had a sex ratio of 991 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 23.86% - 39.02% for males and 9.06% for females. The population was entirely rural. 34.89% of the population was under 10 years of age. 22 people in the district were from religious minorities.[2]
At the time of the 2017 census, 96.34% of the population spoke Pashto and 1.54% Hindko as their first language. 1.71% of the population spoke languages classified as 'Others' on the census, mainly Kohistani dialects.[2]
Provincial assembly
The district is represented by one elected MPA in the provincial assembly who represent the following constituency:
The MPA between 2013 and 2018 was Zareen Gul.[18] He is famous political and influential leader of district Torghar active in politics since 1985. He is elected 6 times as MPA and senior most politician in KPK Assembly[19]
Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
