The route passed by Corridor 1 is the route from Blok M Bus Terminal to Jakarta Kota railway station which passes Jalan Jenderal Sudirman and Jalan M.H. Thamrin as the main street in the central area of the Indonesian economy and government, namely the Golden Triangle of Jakarta. The choice of the Blok M–Kota route for corridor 1 was a form of outsmarting traffic congestion when Jakarta was unable to build a subway system, which had actually been planned by B.J. Habibie in 1985 and had wanted to be pioneered again by Sutiyoso in 1998.[6]
Corridor construction
The construction of Corridor 1 began around mid-2003, marked by the installation of a "KHUSUS BUSWAY (BUS LANE)" sign on pedestrian bridges and red road markings to mark the separated Transjakarta bus lane.[7] The construction of new bus stops and special lanes began by late 2003, towards 2004 along with the system's socialization.[8] The construction of bus stops and separated lane for corridor 1 received many complaints from the public, due to the bus lane construction disturbs the heavy traffic on Jalan Sudirman and Thamrin during peak hours.[9]
On 15 January 2004, when Jakarta was having a downpour, Transjakarta Corridor 1 was inaugurated by Governor Sutiyoso at the Gelora Bung Karno BRT station.[10]
With the availability of the Transjakarta Busway as a fast, safe and comfortable, on time, and also affordable public transportation, it is hoped that this will be an alternative choice for all parties, especially for those who is using personal cars.
— Sutiyoso's speech after inaugurating corridor 1 at the Jakarta City Hall (in Indonesian)[10]
The inauguration of Corridor 1 received a lot of enthusiasm from the people of Jakarta, as evidenced by situation of the Kota and Gelora Bung Karno BRT stations and bus fleets which was overcrowded by Transjakarta passengers. Despite receiving high enthusiasm, the operation of Corridor 1 was criticized by transportation expert Darmaningtyas six days earlier.[10]
That there is no integral concept regarding the Busway in Jakarta. So the concept of the Busway was raised, but not accompanied by an integral concept, including the provision of feeder services, including the (provision of facilities) for pedestrians, and special lanes for non-motorized vehicles (e.g. bicycles).
— Transportation expert Darmaningtyas (in Indonesian)[10]
Further developments
In 2009, the National Monument BRT station which has a small building form was expanded to accommodate passengers in corridor 1 and 2.[citation needed]
On 23 January 2012, 102 articulated buses that have a higher passenger carrying capacity have started to operate to accommodate the high density of passengers.[2][3]
As the impact of the Jakarta MRT phase 1 construction, in 2014, a number of BRT Stations in Corridor 1 had to be relocated or closed. One of the BRT Stations that were relocated were the Masjid Agung, Bundaran Senayan, Polda, and Karet stations which were moved to a location not far from their original location.[11] While the BRT Stations that were closed were the Setiabudi[11] and the Bundaran HI[12] BRT stations (the Bundaran HI BRT station was rebuilt after the MRT construction was completed in 2019).
On 1 June 2014, corridor 1 began to service 24 hours a day along with corridor 3 and 9.[13][14] At the time, the night bus only stop at certain bus stations, but sometime later, all bus stations are served by night bus.
On late 2018, three pedestrian bridges which are used as the access to the Bundaran Senayan, Gelora Bung Karno, and Polda Metro Jaya BRT Stations, was revitalized and completed in March 2019.[15] The three pedestrian bridges revitalization was followed by the Karet Sudirman pedestrian bridge which is used as the access to the Karet Sudirman BRT Station in April 2021 and inaugurated in March 2022.[16]
On 24 March 2019, along with the inauguration of the Jakarta MRT, the rebuilt Bundaran HI BRT Station became the first BRT Station that was directly connected to the MRT station, even though the connecting access was considered not friendly for disabled.[17][18]
As the impact of the Jakarta MRT phase 2A project, Bank Indonesia (now Kebon Sirih), Harmoni Central Busway, Sawah Besar, and Mangga Besar BRT stations were moved into a temporary building. The temporary building of the then-named Bank Indonesia station began to operate since 19 December 2020,[19][20] Mangga Besar since 25 February 2023,[21][22][23] Sawah Besar since 28 February 2023,[21] and Harmoni Central Busway since 4 March 2023.[21][24][25][26]
On 15 April 2022, five BRT Stations in Corridor 1, namely Gelora Bung Karno, Tosari, Bundaran HI, Dukuh Atas 1, and Sarinah (now M.H. Thamrin) were temporarily closed for revitalization along with six other stations on corridor 2, 5, 9 and 11. To accommodate affected passengers, Transjakarta had operated the 1ST (Monumen Nasional–Semanggi) shuttle bus route from 15 April to 11 September 2022.[27] The revitalization of the BRT Stations were to improve service quality, accelerating integration with other transportation modes (such as the MRT and KRL Commuterline), and to create a new icon and tourism spot for Jakarta.[28][29] The first BRT Station that was revitalized to be completed in corridor 1 was the Gelora Bung Karno station which began to reopen on 17 August 2022,[30] followed by the Bundaran HI BRT Station on 6 October 2022,[31][32] Tosari on 26 December 2022,[33][34][35] Dukuh Atas 1 (now Dukuh Atas) and M.H. Thamrin on 4 March 2023.[36]
On 22 July 2022, corridor 1 began to serve Kali Besar Barat (now Kali Besar) and Museum Fatahillah (now Museum Sejarah Jakarta) BRT stations of corridor 12 due to a permanent route diversion that circles the Jakarta History Museum block, passing through Pintu Besar Utara, Kali Besar Barat, Kunir, and Lada Dalam streets. This route diversion is the result of the relocation of Kota BRT station from the west entrance of Jakarta Kota railway station to the north entrance of the railway station.[37]
On 31 May 2023, the Bundaran Senayan and Karet Sudirman BRT stations were temporarily closed for revitalization as the follow-up of the previous five revitalized stations in 2022.[38] Bundaran Senayan BRT station resumed operational on 31 August 2023,[39] followed by Karet Sudirman on the next day.[40] Beside that, Bendungan Hilir BRT station is currently closed for revitalization as of 7 October 2023.[41]
List of BRT stations
Currently, all stations are served by buses 24 hours a day.[4]
Stations indicated by a ← sign have a one way service towards Blok M only. Stations indicated by a → sign have a one way service towards Kota only.
Italic text indicates that the BRT Station is closed for renovation or the bus do not stop at the station.[41]
On 8 October 2020, four BRT stations on Corridor 1 were burned by demonstrators during the Omnibus law protests, those four burned stations were Sarinah (now renamed M.H. Thamrin), Bundaran HI, Tosari, and Karet Sudirman. TransJakarta predicting losses of all 18 BRT station burning and destructions are up to 45 billion rupiah. Other Corridor 1 BRT stations that were damaged by the demonstrators are Harmoni Central, Bank Indonesia (now Kebon Sirih), Dukuh Atas 1, and Bendungan Hilir.[42]
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