Trianon Treaty Day
2020 Romanian stamp commemorating the centenary of the Treaty of Trianon
Observed byRomania
TypeNational
CelebrationsCultural, educational, and scientific events
Date4 June
Next time4 June 2024 (2024-06-04)
Frequencyannual

The Trianon Treaty Day (Romanian: Ziua Tratatului de la Trianon) is a public holiday in Romania celebrated every 4 June to commemorate the signing of the Treaty of Trianon in 1920. The holiday was first proposed in 2015 by the Romanian politician Titus Corlățean[1] and subsequently promulgated on 18 November 2020 by President Klaus Iohannis.[2]

According to the law that promulgated the holiday, on Trianon Treaty Day, cultural, educational, and scientific events of both local and national level can be held to raise awareness of the treaty and its significance and importance. Civilians, as well as organizations and local or central authorities can support such events through material and logistical support. Romanian Television and the Romanian Radio Broadcasting Company are permitted to broadcast programs related to the observance.[2] In 2022, on the occasion of the Trianon Treaty Day, Giuseppe Nicolini's opera Traiano in Dacia [it] had its debut in Romania at the Romanian National Opera, Cluj-Napoca.[3]

The holiday has elicited negative responses from the Hungarian community of Romania and Hungary itself.[4][5] It has been claimed that the Romanian decision for promulgating the holiday was because of the earlier establishment of 4 June in Hungary as the "Day of National Unity" and to endorse anti-Hungarian sentiments.[1] On the other hand, Corlățean, who proposed the law passed by the Parliament of Romania, declared to the BBC: "I do not understand why the Romanians should be shy of marking what was fundamental for their history, because we don't want to offend anyone".[6]

After the collapse of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, the Romanian Army took control of Transylvania starting from November 1918 as the Hungarian–Romanian War was ongoing. During this period, unification was declared between the region and Romania on 1 December 1918.[7] The Treaty of Trianon was a treaty signed on 4 June 1920 between Hungary and the Allies (including Romania). As a result, Transylvania, as well as parts of Banat, Crișana and Maramureș, were officially allocated to Romania. Hungary also lost territories to Austria, Czechoslovakia, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and Poland as a consequence of it.[8][2]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Romania declares celebration of Trianon peace treaty signing". Hungary Today. 15 May 2020. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  2. ^ a b c "Legea controversată care prevede instituirea datei de 4 iunie drept "Ziua Tratatului de la Trianon" a fost promulgată de președintele Klaus Iohannis". G4 Media (in Romanian). 18 November 2020. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  3. ^ "Romașcanu, despre ziua Tratatului de la Trianon: Pagină a istoriei României care nu trebuie uitată. Ziua pe care o datorăm sacrificiului armatei române din Primul Război Mondial". G4 Media (in Romanian). 4 June 2022.
  4. ^ "Ünnepnappá vált Romániában a trianoni békeszerződés napja". Magyar Hírlap (in Hungarian). 18 November 2020. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  5. ^ ""Trianoni szerződés napja" – mi a véleménye erről? (körkérdés)". Erdély.ma (in Hungarian). 15 May 2020. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  6. ^ Thorpe, Nick (3 June 2020). "The 100-year wound that Hungary cannot forget". BBC. Archived from the original on 19 December 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
  7. ^ Leadbeater, Chris (3 January 2019). "The forgotten war which made Transylvania Romanian". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  8. ^ Popescu, Eduard (15 September 2020). "Legea privind Ziua Tratatului de la Trianon, din nou în Parlament. Iohannis cere consultări cu istorici și academicieni/ Reacția lui Titus Corlățean, inițiator al proiectului". Mediafax (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
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