You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 52.91.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪JJMC89‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 05:26, 2 September 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 04:57, 27 November 2021
- Expiry of block: 04:57, 27 November 2024
Your current IP address is 52.91.194.66. The blocked range is 52.91.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((short description|Three deities that are worshipped as one))
((About|deities with triple forms|triads of deities|Triad (religion)|the Christian doctrine|Trinity|the modern pagan belief|Triple Goddess (Neopaganism)))
[[File:Hecate Chiaramonti Inv1922.jpg|thumb|upright|The Greek goddess [[Hecate]] portrayed in triplicate]]
[[File:Trimurti1940s.jpg|thumb|[[Shiva]] (left), [[Vishnu]] (center), [[Bhrama (Hinduism)|Bhrama]] (right) are referred as [[Trimurti]], the central deities of [[Hinduism]]. ]]
A '''triple deity''' is a deity with three apparent forms that function as a singular whole. Such [[deities]] may sometimes be referred to as threefold, tripled, triplicate, tripartite, triune, triadic, or as a trinity. The number three  has a long history of mythical associations and triple deities are common throughout world [[mythology]]. [[Carl Jung]] considered the arrangement of deities into triplets an [[archetype]] in the [[history of religion]].<ref name="lamborn">((cite journal |last=Bentley Lamborn |first=Amy |title=Revisiting Jung's "A Psychological Approach to the Dogma of the Trinity": Some Implications for Psychoanalysis and Religion |journal=Journal of Religion and Health |date=2011 |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=108–119 |doi=10.1007/s10943-010-9417-9 |jstor=41349770 |pmid=21042858 |s2cid=21332730 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41349770 |issn=0022-4197))</ref><ref name="Stein">((cite book |last=Stein |first=Murray |editor1-last=Moore |editor1-first=Robert L. |editor2-last=Meckel |editor2-first=Daniel |title=Jung and Christianity in dialogue: Faith, feminism, and hermeneutics |date=1990 |publisher=[[Paulist Press]] |location=New York |isbn=9780809131877 ))</ref><ref>"Triads of gods appear very early, at the primitive level. The archaic triads in the religions of antiquity and of the East are too numerous to be mentioned here. Arrangement in triads is an archetype in the history of religion, which in all probability formed the basis of the Christian Trinity." C. G. Jung. ''A Psychological Approach to the Dogma of the Trinity''.</ref>

In classical religious [[iconography]] or mythological art,<ref>For a summary of the [[analogy|analogous]] problem of representing the trinity in [[Christian art]], see Clara Erskine Clement's dated but useful [https://books.google.com/books?id=5OAYAAAAYAAJ&q=%22mythological+art%22 ''Handbook of Legendary and Mythological Art''] (Boston, 1900), p. 12.</ref> three separate beings may represent either a triad who typically appear as a group (the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] [[Moirai]], [[Charites]], and [[Erinyes]]; the [[Norse mythology|Norse]] [[Norns]]; or the [[Irish mythology|Irish]] [[The Morrígan|Morrígan]]) or a single deity notable for having three aspects (Greek [[Hecate]], Roman [[Diana (mythology)|Diana]]).<ref name="ReferenceA">Virgil addresses Hecate as ''tergemina Hecate, tria virginis, ora Dianae'' (''Aeneid'', 4.511).</ref>

==Origins==
[[Georges Dumézil]] proposed in his [[trifunctional hypothesis]] that ancient Indo-European society conceived of itself as structured around three activities: worship, war, and toil.<ref>William Hansen, ''Classical Mythology: A Guide to the Mythical World of the Greeks and Romans'' (Oxford University Press US, 2005), p. 306_308 [https://books.google.com/books?id=_s8nSgrD0jkC&dq=%22structures+reflecting+the+number+three%22&pg=PA306 online.]</ref> As social structures developed, particular segments of societies became more closely associated with one of the three fundamental activities. These segments, in turn, became entrenched as three distinct "classes", each one represented by its own god.<ref>''The Edinburgh Encyclopedia of Continental Philosophy'' p. 562</ref> In 1970, Dumézil proposed that some goddesses represented these three qualities as different aspects or epithets. Interpreting various deities, including the Iranian [[Anāhitā]] and the Roman [[Juno (mythology)|Juno]], he identified what were, in his view, examples of this.<ref>((cite book |last=Nāsstrōm |first=Britt-Mari |date=1999 |chapter=Freyja — The Trivalent Goddess |editor1-last=Sand |editor1-first=Erik Reenberg |editor2-last=Sørensen |editor2-first=Jørgen Podemann |title=Comparative Studies in History of Religions: Their Aim, Scope and Validity |publisher=[[Museum Tusculanum Press]] |pages=62–64))</ref> Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis proved controversial. Many critics((specify|date=July 2021 |reason=needs to be written with specifically attributed names of critics in text, not just refs.)) view it as a modern imposition onto Indo-European religion rather than an idea present in the society itself.<ref>[http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2007/2007-10-53.html Allen, N. J. ''Bryn Mawr Classical Review'' 2007.10.53]</ref>((full citation needed|date=December 2023|reason=Title missing.))<ref>Benjamin W. Fortson. ''Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction'' p.&nbsp;32</ref><ref>((cite journal |last=Gonda |first=J. |title=Dumezil's Tripartite Ideology: Some Critical Observations |journal =The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=139–149 |date=November 1974 |doi=10.2307/2052415 |jstor=2052415 |s2cid=144109518))</ref>

Vesna Petreska posits that myths including trinities of female mythical beings from Central and Eastern European cultures may be evidence for an Indo-European belief in trimutive female "[[Weaving (mythology)|spinners]]" of destiny.<ref name="Petreska">((cite book |last=Petreska |first=Vesna |editor1-last=Klaniczay |editor1-first=Gábor |editor2-last=Pócs |editor2-first=Éva |title=Christian Demonology and Popular Mythology |date=2006 |publisher=[[Central European University Press]] |location=Budapest |isbn=963-7326-76-6 |pages=221 |oclc=84742672 |chapter=Demons of Fate in Macedonian Folk Beliefs |quote=They are females&nbsp;– ((em|three women, maidens or sisters))&nbsp;.... They appear in three age categories, young, middle-aged, and old&nbsp;.... The youngest one starts the foretelling, then the middle one, but the crucial information is foretold by the third, the oldest ''narechnitsa''&nbsp;.... This belief is related to the ancient Indo-European tradition of threefold death))</ref>((rp|222)) However, according to the linguist [[M. L. West]], various female deities and mythological figures in Europe show the influence of [[Proto-Indo-European mythology|pre-Indo-European]] goddess-worship, and triple female fate divinities, typically "spinners" of destiny, are attested all over Europe and in Bronze Age Anatolia.<ref>((cite book |last=West |first=Martin Litchfield |author-link=Martin Litchfield West |date=2007 |title=Indo-European Poetry and Myth |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |pages=140–141, 379–385))</ref>

==Ancient India==
[[File:Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva seated on lotuses with their consorts, ca1770.jpg|thumb|The Trimurti with their consorts.]]
((main article|Trimurti|Tridevi))

The trinity of supreme divinity in [[Hinduism]], in which the cosmic functions of creation, preservation, and destruction are personified as a triad of deities, is called ((lang|sa-Latn|[[Trimurti|Trimūrti]])) (Sanskrit: ((lang|sa|त्रिमूर्ति)) 'three forms' or 'trinity'), where [[Brahma]] is considered the creator, [[Vishnu]] the preserver, and [[Shiva]] the destroyer.

The sacred symbol of Hinduism, the [[Om]] (or Aum), the sacred sound, syllable, mantra, and invocation, is considered to have an allusion to Trimurti, where the A, U, and M phonemes of the word are considered to indicate creation, preservation and destruction, the which the whole as representing the transcendent or absolute [[Brahman]] is added. It also indicates the three basic states of consciousness, in addition to which the whole syllable is interpreted as the subject of the consciousness, the self-principle (''[[Ātman (Hinduism)|Ātman]]''), which is considered to be identical with the Brahman.

The [[Tridevi]] is the trinity of goddess consorts for the gods in the Trimurti, typically personified by the Hindu goddesses [[Saraswati]], [[Lakshmi]], and [[Parvati]]. In [[Shaktism]], these triune goddesses are considered the manifestations of [[Mahadevi]], the Supreme Goddess (the female abolute), also known as Mula-Prakriti or Adi Parashakti.

==Antiquity==
[[File:Diana Nemorensis denarius2.jpg|thumb|left|A first-century BC ''[[denarius]]'' (RRC 486/1) depicting the head of Diana and her triple cult statue<ref>[http://www.cngcoins.com ''(CNG)'']</ref>]]
The Roman goddess [[Diana (mythology)|Diana]] was venerated from the late sixth century BC as ''diva triformis'', "three-form goddess",<ref name=horace>Horace, ''Carmina'' 3.22.1.</ref> and early on was conflated with the similarly depicted Greek goddess [[Hekate]].<ref name=diana_religion>Green, C.M.C. (2007). ''Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana at Aricia''. New York: Cambridge University Press.</ref> [[Andreas Alföldi]] interpreted a late Republican numismatic image as Diana "conceived as a threefold unity of the divine huntress, the Moon goddess and the goddess of the nether world, [[Hekate]]".<ref>Alföldi, "Diana Nemorensis", ''American Journal of Archaeology'' (1960:137-44) p 141.</ref> This coin shows that the triple goddess cult image still stood in the ''lucus'' of Nemi in 43 BC. The [[Lake of Nemi]] was ''Triviae lacus'' for Virgil (''Aeneid'' 7.516), while [[Horace]] called Diana ''montium custos nemoremque virgo'' ("keeper of the mountains and virgin of Nemi") and  ''diva triformis'' ("three-form goddess").<ref name=horace/> In his commentary on [[Virgil]], [[Maurus Servius Honoratus]] said that the same goddess was called Luna in heaven, Diana on earth, and [[Proserpina]] in hell.<ref name=servius>[[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]], ''Commentary on Virgil's Aeneid'' 6.118.</ref>

Spells and hymns in [[Greek magical papyri]] refer to the goddess (called [[Hecate]], [[Persephone]], and [[Selene]], among other names) as "triple-sounding, triple-headed, triple-voiced..., triple-pointed, triple-faced, triple-necked". In one hymn, for instance, the "Three-faced Selene" is simultaneously identified as the three [[Charites]], the three [[Moirai]], and the three [[Erinyes]]; she is further addressed by the titles of several goddesses.<ref>((cite book |editor-last=Betz |editor-first=Hans Dieter |title=The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation: Including the Demotic Spells – Texts |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |date=1989 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K0hCj5u3HNQC&q=triple |isbn=978-0-226-04447-7 |at=PGM IV 2785-2890, on pp. 90–91))<br />"Triple" assertions also occur in PGM IV. 1390-1495 on p.65, PGM IV. 2441-2621 on pp.84-86, and PGM IV. 2708-84 on p.89.</ref> Translation editor [[Hans Dieter Betz]] notes: "The goddess Hekate, identical with Persephone, Selene, Artemis, and the old Babylonian goddess [[Ereshkigal|Ereschigal]], is one of the deities most often invoked in the papyri."<ref>((cite book |editor-last=Betz |editor-first=Hans Dieter |title=The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation: Including the Demotic Spells – Texts |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |date=1989 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K0hCj5u3HNQC&pg=PP48 |isbn=978-0-226-04447-7))</ref>

[[E. Cobham Brewer]]'s 1894 [[Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable|''Dictionary of Phrase & Fable'']] contained the entry, "[[Hecate]]: A triple deity, called [[Phoebe (mythology)|Phoebe]] or the Moon in heaven, [[Diana Nemorensis|Diana]] on the earth, and Hecate or [[Proserpina|Proserpine]] in hell," and noted that "Chinese have the triple goddess Pussa".<ref>((cite book |first=E. Cobham |last=Brewer |date=1894 |title=Dictionary of Phrase & Fable |pages=593, 1246))</ref> The Roman poet [[Ovid]], through the character of the Greek woman [[Medea]], refers to Hecate as "the triple Goddess";<ref>Ovid, [http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/ovid/meta/meta07.htm ''Metamorphoses'', book 7], tr. John Dryden, et al (1717). Accessed 2009-09-23.((blockquote|Hecate will never join in that offence:<br />Unjust is the request you make, and I<br />In kindness your petition shall deny;<br />Yet she that grants not what you do implore,<br />Shall yet essay to give her Jason more;<br />Find means t' encrease the stock of Aeson's years,<br />Without retrenchment of your life's arrears;<br />Provided that the triple Goddess join<br />A strong confed'rate in my bold design.))</ref> the earlier Greek poet [[Hesiod]] represents her as a threefold goddess, with a share in earth, sea, and starry heavens.<ref>[[Mircea Eliade|Eliade, Mircea]] (ed.), ''Encyclopedia of Religion'' (1987 edition), "Hekate" entry, vol.6, p.251.</ref> Hecate was depicted variously as a single womanly form; as three women back-to-back; as a three-headed woman, sometimes with the heads of animals; or as three upper bodies of women springing from a single lower body ("we see three heads and shoulders and six hands, but the lower part of her body is single, and closely resembles that of the Ephesian Artemis".)<ref>[[Lewis Richard Farnell|Farnell, Lewis Richard]] (1896). Chapter 19, "Hekate: Representations in Art", in [https://archive.org/details/cultsofgreekstat02farn ''The Cults of the Greek States'', volume 2]. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p.557.</ref>

The Olympian [[demiurge|demiurgic]] triad in [[platonism|platonic philosophy]] was made up of Zeus (considered the Zeus [king of the gods] of the [[Heaven]]s), [[Poseidon]] (Zeus of the [[sea]]s) and [[Pluto (mythology)|Pluto]]/[[Hades]] (Zeus of the [[underworld]]). All were considered to be ultimately a [[Monad (philosophy)|monad]]; the same Zeus who gave rise to the [[Titan (mythology)|Titanic]] demiurgic triad of [[Helios]] (the sun when in the sky), Apollo (the sun seen in the world of humankind), and [[Dionysus]] (god of [[Sacred mysteries|mysteries]], or the "sun" of the underworld), as in [[Plato]]'s [[Phaedrus (dialogue)|Phaedrus]], concerning the myth of Dionysus and the Titans)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ym00OJMBKmcC&dq=%22Zeus,+Leto+and+Apollo+triad%22&pg=PA274 The golden chain: an anthology of Pythagorean and Platonic philosophy], Algis Uždavinys, 274</ref>

==Ancient Celtic cultures==
[[File:Deesses de Vertault (musée de Bibracte).jpg|thumb|Terracotta relief of the ''Matres'', from [[Bibracte]], city of the [[Aedui]] in [[Gaul]].]]
The [[Matres]] or [[Matronae]] are usually represented as a group of three but sometimes with as many as 27 (3 × 3 × 3) inscriptions. They were associated with motherhood and fertility. Inscriptions to these deities have been found in Gaul, Spain, Italy, the Rhineland and Britain, as their worship was carried by [[Roman Empire|Roman]] soldiery dating from the mid-first to third century AD.<ref name="Takacs, Sarolta A. 2008 pp. 118">Takacs, Sarolta A. (2008) ''Vestal Virgins, Sybils, and Matrons: Women in Roman Religion''. University of Texas Press. pp. 118–121.</ref> [[Miranda Green (academic)|Miranda Green]] observes that "triplism" reflects a way of "expressing the divine rather than presentation of specific god-types. [[wikt:triad|Triad]]s or [[wikt:triple|triple]] beings are ubiquitous in the Welsh and Irish mythic imagery" (she gives examples including the Irish battle-furies, [[Macha]], and [[Brighid|Brigit]]). "The religious iconographic repertoire of Gaul and Britain during the Roman period includes a wide range of triple forms: the most common triadic depiction is that of the triple mother goddess" (she lists numerous examples).<ref>Green, Miranda. [https://books.google.com/books?id=AovRMzoGItgC&pg=PA56 "Back to the Future: Resonances of the Past", pp.56-57], in Gazin-Schwartz, Amy,  and Holtorf, Cornelius (1999). ''Archaeology and Folklore''. Routledge.</ref>

In the case of the [[Irish mythology|Irish]] [[Brigid]] it can be ambiguous whether she is a single goddess or three sisters, all named Brigid.<ref>Miranda Green, [https://books.google.com/books?id=bEY4xCSZw9kC&dq=%22triple+goddess%22&pg=PA481 ''The Celtic World''] (Routledge, 1996), p. 481; [[Hilary Robinson (scholar)|Hilary Robinson]], "Becoming Women: Irigaray, Ireland and Visual Representation," in [https://books.google.com/books?id=AUwP-N7yf8UC&dq=%22triple+goddess%22&pg=PA116 ''Art, Nation and Gender: Ethnic Landscapes, Myths and Mother-figures''] (Ashgate, 2003), p. 116.</ref> [[The Morrígan]] also appears sometimes as one being, and at other times as three sisters,<ref>((Cite book |last= Sjoestedt |first=Marie-Louise |author-link=Marie-Louise Sjoestedt |title=Celtic Gods and Heroes |date= 18 September 2000 |publisher=[[Dover Publications]] |isbn=0-486-41441-8 |pages=31–32))</ref><ref>((Cite book |last=Ó hOgain |first=Daithi |title=Myth, Legend and Romance: An Encyclopedia of the Irish Folk Tradition |date=1991 |publisher=[[Prentice Hall Press]] |location=Oxford |isbn=0-13-275959-4 |pages=307–309))</ref><ref>((Cite book |last=Ellis Davidson |first=Hilda |title=Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe: Early Scandinavian and Celtic Religions |date=1988 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |location=Syracuse |isbn=0-8156-2441-7 |pages=97))</ref><ref name="MacKillopNemhain">((Cite book |last=MacKillop |first=James |title=Dictionary of Celtic Mythology |date=1998 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=0-19-280120-1 |pages=335–336))</ref> as do the three Irish [[sovereignty goddess|goddesses of sovereignty]],  [[Ériu]], [[Fódla]] and [[Banba]].<ref>((cite encyclopedia |title=Ériu |url=http://www.maryjones.us/jce/eriu.html |encyclopedia=Jones' Celtic Encyclopedia |date=14 April 2011))</ref><ref>((cite web |last=Mhatre |first=Sandeep |title=Datta Sampradaay and Their Vital Role |url=http://swamisamarthmath.com/en/dattasampraday.html |publisher=[[Swami Samarth]] Temple |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074548/http://swamisamarthmath.com/en/dattasampraday.html |archive-date=4 March 2016))</ref>

==Christianity==
((main article|Trinity))
[[File:Trinity by Jeronimo Cosida.jpg|thumb|Renaissance painting by [[Jerónimo Cosida]] depicting the Christian Trinity, as a three faced head, accompanied by a [[Shield of the Trinity]] diagram.]]
[[Nicene Christianity|Nicene Christians]] profess "one God in three divine persons" ([[God the Father]], [[God the Son]] and [[Holy Ghost|God the Holy Ghost]]). This is not to be understood as a belief in (or worship of) [[Tritheism#Monotheistic tritheism|three Gods]], nor as a belief that there are [[Sabellianism|three subjectively-perceived "aspects"]] in one God, both of which the [[Catholic Church]] condemns as [[heresy]]. The Catholic Church also rejects the notions that God is [[Divine simplicity#Criticism|"composed"]] of its three persons and that "God" is a [[Genus (philosophy)|genus]] containing the three persons.

The ((circa)) fourth-century [[Gnostic]] text "[[Trimorphic Protennoia]]" presents a threefold discourse of the three forms of Divine Thought: the Father, the Son, and the Mother ([[Sophia (Gnosticism)|Sophia]]).<ref>((cite web |url=http://gnosis.org/naghamm/trimorph.html |title=Trimorphic Protennoia |work=Gnosis.org |publisher=[[Gnostic Society]] |location=Hollywood, California |translator-first=John D. |translator-last=Turner |translator-link=John D. Turner |date=1998))</ref> [[Micheus, Michar, and Mnesinous]], the three heavenly spirits of baptism, also appear in various [[Sethianism|Sethian Gnostic]] texts.<ref name="NH-Meyer">((cite book |last=Meyer |first=Marvin |author-link=Marvin Meyer |title=The Nag Hammadi Scriptures |publisher=[[HarperOne]] |location=New York |date=2007 |isbn=978-0-06-162600-5 |oclc=124538398))</ref>

Some Christian [[saint]]s, especially [[martyr]]s, are trios who share a feast day or other remembrance. ((crossref|(See [[:Category:Saints trios]].)))  Whether they are subject to actual veneration and prayed to for supernatural aid, or simply honored, varies by [[Christian denomination]].((citation needed|date=July 2021))

===Modalistic Monarchianism===
((main article|Modalistic Monarchianism))
((see also|Patripassianism))

Whereas [[Nicene Christianity|Nicene Christians]] professes "one God in three divine persons" ([[God the Father]], [[God the Son]] and [[Holy Ghost|God the Holy Ghost]]), Modalism is a form of Christian [[Unitarianism]] which stands in opposition to Trinitarianism and holds that the one God is also just one person, but simply appears in three different forms; those forms being the Father, Son, and Spirit. Modalism holds that the same one God simply appears in different forms throughout history. For example, Jesus was simply one form of the same God, and so Modalism holds that the "Father" suffered no less on the cross than did the "Son", as these are simply two names for one deity appearing in different forms. In addition, Modalism holds that the Holy Spirit is not a separate person from the Father either, but is simply a term that describes God in action. Modalism is considered a heresy in orthodox Christianity.<ref>D.H. Williams, "Modalism", in ''Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization'', 2011.</ref>

==Neopaganism==
((main|Triple Goddess (Neopaganism)))
[[Peter Goodrich|Peter H. Goodrich]] interprets the literary figure of [[Morgan le Fay]] as a manifestation of a British triple goddess in the medieval [[Romance (heroic literature)|romance]] ''[[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight]]''.<ref>Peter H. Goodrich, [https://books.google.com/books?id=bK6AXVjnw-IC&dq=%22triple+goddess%22&pg=PA74 "Ritual Sacrifice and the Pre-Christian Subtext of Gawain's Green Girdle," in ''Sir Gawain and the Classical Tradition''] (McFarland, 2006), pp. 74–75</ref> A modern idea of a triple goddess is central to the new religious movement of [[Wicca]].((Citation needed|date=May 2023))

==See also==
* [[List of deities]]
* [[Les Lavandières]]
* [[Mythography]]
* [[Triglav (mythology)]]
* [[Lugh]]
* [[Samsin Halmoni]]
* [[Thraetaona]]
* [[Three hares]]
* [[Trichotomy (philosophy)]]
* [[Trifunctional hypothesis]]
* [[Trita]]
* [[Triton (mythology)|Triton]]
* [[Tritheism]]

== References ==
=== Citations ===
((Reflist))

=== Additional sources ===
<!-- Please incorporate the list below as inline cites. If it's not relevant to a specific part of the article, chances are it's not worth adding here -->
((refbegin))
* Jung, C. G. "A Psychological Approach to the Dogma of the Trinity" (1948), in ''Collected Works of C. G. Jung'', Princeton University Press 1969, vol. 11,  2nd edition, pp.&nbsp;107–200.
* ((cite journal |author-last=Brabazon |author-first=Michael |url=http://www.quodlibet.net/brabazon-jung.shtml |title=Carl Jung and the Trinitarian Self |journal=[[Quodlibet (journal)|Quodlibet]] |volume=4 |issue=2–3 |date=Summer 2002 |access-date=September 19, 2008 ))
((refend))

==External links==
*((Commons category-inline|Triple deities))

((DEFAULTSORT:Triple Deity))
[[Category:Triple deities| ]]
[[Category:Lists of deities]]
[[Category:Mother goddesses]]
[[Category:Mythological archetypes]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Triple deity (edit)
Template:About (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Blockquote (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Blockquote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Circa (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite encyclopedia (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite journal (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Commons category-inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Crossref (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Crossreference (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Crossreference/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (protected)
Template:Em (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Full citation needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hatnote inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:If empty (view source) (protected)
Template:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main article (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:R/superscript (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:R/where (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refend (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Rp (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:See also (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Sister-inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Specify (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:About (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Commons link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:DecodeEncode (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Exponential search (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Format link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:GetParameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Labelled list hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Plain text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:String2 (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data/scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Triple deity.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_deity"