The U.S. National Indoor Championships was a tennis tournament that was last held at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. Also known as the U.S. International Indoor Championships. The event was played on indoor hard courts and usually took place in February. For much of its more than 100-year history it was a combined men's and women's tournament but in 2014, its final year, only a men's tournament was held. The event was previously known under various sponsored names including the Memphis Open, the Regions Morgan Keegan Championships, the Kroger St. Jude Championship, and the Volvo Championships. It was called throughout most of its history the National Indoor Championships.

History

The tournament began in March 1898 when the inaugural edition was played at the Newton Winter Tennis Club in Newton Center. The only event played was the men's singles which was won by Leo Ware who defeated Holcombe Ward in the final in straight sets.^[1] There was no tournament held in 1899.

In 1900 a men's doubles event was added and the tournament moved to the Seventh Regiment Armory in Manhattan, New York, where it was played on a wood court until 1963 with the exception of 1941 (Coliseum in Oklahoma City) and from 1942 until 1945 when no tournament was held due to World War II.

When the Seventh Regiment Armory was closed for renovations a new venue for the tournament had to be selected by the USLTA.^[2] In 1964 the tournament moved to Salisbury, Maryland, and was organized by Jimmy Connors' manager Bill Riordan.^[3]

The last move occurred after the 1976 tournament, when Memphis became the host of the event and was the location of the tournament until its end in 2014.^[4][5] The men's tournament was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit between 1976 and 1989 before becoming an ATP Tour event.

The 2013 tournament was the last combined men's and women's tournament and was held February 16–24, 2013, at The Racquet Club of Memphis. Marina Erakovic was the last woman to win the title.^[6] In 2014 the WTA event moved to Rio de Janeiro. The men's tournament lost its ATP World Tour 500 series certification, which also moved to Rio de Janeiro, but continued an ATP 250 event known as the Memphis Open.^[7]

Men's finals

Singles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Newton Center	1898	Leo Ware	Holcombe Ward	7–5, 7–5, 6–1
	1899	Not held
New York	1900	John A. Allen	Calhoun Cragin	6–1, 1–6, 6–4, 6–3
	1901	Holcombe Ward	Calhoun Cragin	11–9, 6–2, 6–3
	1902	Jahial Parmly Paret	Wylie Grant	4–6, 9–7, 1–6, 8–6, 6–4
	1903	Wylie Grant	Calhoun Cragin	6–3, 6–4, 6–1
	1904	Wylie Grant	C. Carleton Kelly	8–6, 6–3, 5–7, 6–8, 7–5
	1905	Edward Dewhurst	Wylie Grant	6–3, 8–6, 6–4
	1906	Wylie Grant	Edwin Fischer	6–4, 6–2, 8–6
	1907	Theodore Pell	Wylie Grant	3–6, 6–3, 6–2, 1–6, 6–0
	1908	Wylie Grant	Gustave Touchard	6–4, 3–6, 6–2, 6–4
	1909	Theodore Pell	George C Shafer	6–3, 6–3, 6–4
	1910	Gustave Touchard	Reuben A. Holden III	6–1, 3–6, 7–9, 6–1, 6–4
	1911	Theodore Pell	William Cragin	6–2, 6–3, 6–4
	1912	Wylie Grant	William Cragin	6–1, 6–3, 6–3JR.
	1913	Gustave Touchard	George C Shafer	6–4, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1914	Gustave Touchard	Dr. William Rosenbaum	6–2, 6–2, 4–6, 6–2
	1915	Gustave Touchard	Arthur M. Lovibond	6–3, 6–2, 3–6, 6–2
	1916	Robert Lindley Murray	Aldrick Man	6–2, 6–2, 7–5
	1917	S. Howard Voshell	Clifton Herd	7–5, 6–3, 6–3
	1918	S. Howard Voshell	Fred Alexander	7–5, 6–2, 8–6
	1919	Vincent Richards	Bill Tilden	3–6, 8–6, 6–8, 6–1, 6–4
	1920	Bill Tilden	Vincent Richards	10–8, 6–3, 6–1
	1921	Frank Anderson	Fred Anderson	6–2, 6–1, 6–3
	1922	Frank Hunter	Frank Anderson	6–4, 1–6, 7–5, 6–2
	1923	Vincent Richards	Frank Hunter	6–1, 6–3, 7–5
	1924	Vincent Richards	Frank Hunter	8–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3
	1925	Jean Borotra	Fred Anderson	3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–0[8][9]
	1926	René Lacoste	Jean Borotra	15–13, 6–3, 2–6, 6–2
	1927	Jean Borotra	Jacques Brugnon	6–2, 6–4, 6–3
	1928	William Aydelotte	Julius Seligson	2–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–4, 6–2
	1929	Jean Borotra	Frank Hunter	6–4, 6–0, 4–6, 8–6
	1930	Frank Hunter	Julius Seligson	6–3, 6–2, 6–2
	1931	Jean Borotra	Berkeley Bell	6–1, 3–6, 6–4, 3–6, 6–4
	1932	Gregory Mangin	Frank Shields	10–8, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3
	1933	Gregory Mangin	Cliff Sutter	6–1, 6–3, 2–6, 3–6, 6–2
	1934	Lester Stoefen	Gregory Mangin	6–1, 8–6, 6–4
	1935	Gregory Mangin	Berkeley Bell	8–6, 7–5, 2–6, 0–6, 6–2
	1936	Gregory Mangin	Leonard Hartman	6–1, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3
	1937	Frank Parker	Frank Bowden	6–4, 6–4, 1–6, 4–6, 6–1
	1938	Don McNeill	Frank Bowden	9–7, 3–6, 6–4, 7–5
	1939	Wayne Sabin	Frank Bowden	6–3, 5–7, 6–3, 6–1
	1940	Bobby Riggs	Don McNeill	3–6, 6–1, 6–4, 2–6, 6–2
Oklahoma City	1941	Frank Kovacs	Wayne Sabin	6–0, 6–4, 6–2
	1942 – 1945	No competition (due to WWII)
New York	1946	Pancho Segura	Don McNeill	1–6, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
	1947	Jack Kramer	Bob Falkenburg	6–1, 6–2, 6–2
	1948	Bill Talbert	Sidney Schwartz	4–6, 8–6, 9–7, 6–2
	1949	Pancho Gonzales	Bill Talbert	10–8, 6–0, 4–6, 9–7
	1950	Don McNeill	Fred Kovaleski	11–9, 4–6, 6–2, 6–2
	1951	Bill Talbert	Straight Clark	6–4, 6–8, 3–6, 6–2, 6–3
	1952	Dick Savitt	Bill Talbert	6–4, 6–3, 6–4
	1953	Art Larsen	Kurt Nielsen	5–7, 6–4, 6–3, 6–3
	1954	Sven Davidson	Kurt Nielsen	3–6, 6–1, 6–1, 6–4
	1955	Tony Trabert	Ham Richardson	11–13, 7–5, 9–7, 6–3
	1956	Ulf Schmidt	Sven Davidson	6–1, 6–3, 8–10, 6–3
	1957	Kurt Nielsen	Herbie Flam	4–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
	1958	Dick Savitt	Budge Patty	6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 12–10
	1959	Alex Olmedo	Dick Savitt	7–9, 6–3, 4–6, 5–7, 12–10
	1960	Barry MacKay	Dick Savitt	6–2, 2–6, 10–12, 6–1, 6–4
	1961	Dick Savitt	Whitney Reed	6–2, 11–9, 6–3
	1962	Chuck McKinley	Whitney Reed	4–6, 6–3, 4–6, 9–7, 10–8
	1963	Dennis Ralston	Mike Sangster	7–5, 4–6, 6–3, 10–8
Salisbury	1964	Chuck McKinley	Dennis Ralston	15–13, 6–2, 6–8, 3–6, 6–3
	1965	Jan-Erik Lundqvist	Dennis Ralston	4–6, 13–11, 6–4, 11–9
	1966	Charlie Pasarell	Ron Holmberg	12–10, 10–8, 8–6
	1967	Charlie Pasarell	Arthur Ashe	13–11, 6–2, 2–6, 9–7
	1968	Cliff Richey	Clark Graebner	6–4, 6–4, 6–4
	↓  Open Era  ↓
	1969	Stan Smith	Ismail El Shafei	6–3, 6–8, 6–4, 6–4
	1970	Ilie Năstase	Cliff Richey	6–8, 3–6, 6–4, 9–7, 6–0
	1971	Clark Graebner	Cliff Richey	2–6, 7–6, 1–6, 7–6, 6–0
	1972	Stan Smith	Ilie Năstase	5–7, 6–2, 6–3, 6–4
	1973	Jimmy Connors	Karl Meiler	3–6, 7–6, 7–6, 6–3
	1974	Jimmy Connors	Frew McMillan	6–4, 7–5, 6–3
	1975	Jimmy Connors	Vitas Gerulaitis	5–7, 7–5, 6–1, 3–6, 6–0
	1976	Ilie Năstase	Jimmy Connors	6–2, 6–3, 7–6(9–7)
Memphis	1977	Björn Borg	Brian Gottfried	6–4, 6–3, 4–6, 7–5
	1978	Jimmy Connors	Tim Gullikson	7–6, 6–3
	1979	Jimmy Connors	Arthur Ashe	6–4, 5–7, 6–3
	1980	John McEnroe	Jimmy Connors	7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–4)
	1981	Gene Mayer	Roscoe Tanner	6–2, 6–4
	1982	Johan Kriek	John McEnroe	6–3, 3–6, 6–4
	1983	Jimmy Connors	Gene Mayer	7–5, 6–0
	1984	Jimmy Connors	Henri Leconte	6–3, 4–6, 7–5
	1985	Stefan Edberg	Yannick Noah	6–1, 6–0
	1986	Brad Gilbert	Stefan Edberg	7–5, 7–6
	1987	Stefan Edberg	Jimmy Connors	6–3, 2–1 (retired)
	1988	Andre Agassi	Mikael Pernfors	6–4, 6–4, 7–5
	1989	Brad Gilbert	Johan Kriek	6–2, 6–2 (retired)
	1990	Michael Stich	Wally Masur	6–7, 6–4, 7–6
	1991	Ivan Lendl	Michael Stich	7–5, 6–3
	1992	MaliVai Washington	Wayne Ferreira	6–3, 6–2
	1993	Jim Courier	Todd Martin	5–7, 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–4)
	1994	Todd Martin	Brad Gilbert	6–4, 7–5
	1995	Todd Martin	Paul Haarhuis	7–6(7–2), 6–4
	1996	Pete Sampras	Todd Martin	6–4, 7–6(7–2)
	1997	Michael Chang	Todd Woodbridge	6–3, 6–4
	1998	Mark Philippoussis	Michael Chang	6–3, 6–2
	1999	Tommy Haas	Jim Courier	6–4, 6–1
	2000	Magnus Larsson	Byron Black	6–2, 1–6, 6–3
	2001	Mark Philippoussis	Davide Sanguinetti	6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–3
	2002	Andy Roddick	James Blake	6–4, 3–6, 7–5
	2003	Taylor Dent	Andy Roddick	6–1, 6–4
	2004	Joachim Johansson	Nicolas Kiefer	7–6(7–5), 6–3
	2005	Kenneth Carlsen	Max Mirnyi	7–5, 7–5
	2006	Tommy Haas	Robin Söderling	6–3, 6–2
	2007	Tommy Haas	Andy Roddick	6–3, 6–2
	2008	Steve Darcis	Robin Söderling	6–3, 7–6(7–5)
	2009	Andy Roddick	Radek Štěpánek	7–5, 7–5
	2010	Sam Querrey	John Isner	6–7(3–7), 7–6(7–5), 6–3
	2011	Andy Roddick	Milos Raonic	7–6(9–7), 6–7(11–13), 7–5
	2012	Jürgen Melzer	Milos Raonic	7–5, 7–6(7–4)
	2013	Kei Nishikori	Feliciano López	6–2, 6–3
	2014	Kei Nishikori	Ivo Karlović	6–4, 7–6(7–0)
	2015	see Memphis Open

Doubles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Salisbury	1971	Juan Gisbert, Sr. Manuel Orantes	Clark Graebner Thomaz Koch	7–6, 6–2
	1972	Andrés Gimeno Manuel Orantes	Juan Gisbert, Sr. Vladimir Zednik	4–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1973	Jürgen Fassbender Juan Gisbert, Sr.	Clark Graebner Ilie Năstase	2–6, 6–4, 6–3
	1974	Jimmy Connors Frew McMillan	Byron Bertram Andrew Pattison	7–5, 6–2
	1975	Jimmy Connors Ilie Năstase	Jan Kodeš Roger Taylor	4–6, 6–3, 6–3
	1976	Fred McNair Sherwood Stewart	Steve Krulevitz Trey Waltke	6–3, 6–2
Memphis	1977	Fred McNair Sherwood Stewart	Robert Lutz Stan Smith	4–6, 7–6, 7–6
	1978	Brian Gottfried Raúl Ramírez	Phil Dent John Newcombe	3–6, 7–6, 6–2
	1979	Tom Okker Wojciech Fibak	Frew McMillan Dick Stockton	6–4, 6–4
	1980	John McEnroe Brian Gottfried	Rod Frawley Tomáš Šmíd	6–3, 6–7, 7–6
	1981	Gene Mayer Sandy Mayer	Mike Cahill Tom Gullikson	7–6, 6–7, 7–6
	1982	Kevin Curren Steve Denton	John McEnroe Peter Fleming	7–6, 4–6, 6–2
	1983	Peter McNamara Paul McNamee	Tim Gullikson Tom Gullikson	6–3, 5–7, 6–4
	1984	Fritz Buehning Peter Fleming	Heinz Günthardt Tomáš Šmíd	6–3, 6–0
	1985	Pavel Složil Tomáš Šmíd	Kevin Curren Steve Denton	1–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1986	Ken Flach Robert Seguso	Guy Forget Anders Järryd	6–4, 4–6, 7–6
	1987	Anders Järryd Jonas Svensson	Sergio Casal Emilio Sánchez	6–4, 6–2
	1988	Kevin Curren David Pate	Peter Lundgren Mikael Pernfors	6–2, 6–2
	1989	Paul Annacone Christo van Rensburg	Scott Davis Tim Wilkison	7–6, 6–7, 6–1
	1990	Darren Cahill Mark Kratzmann	Udo Riglewski Michael Stich	7–5, 6–2
	1991	Michael Stich Udo Riglewski	John Fitzgerald Laurie Warder	7–5, 6–3
	1992	Todd Woodbridge Mark Woodforde	Kevin Curren Gary Muller	7–6, 6–1
	1993	Todd Woodbridge Mark Woodforde	Jacco Eltingh Paul Haarhuis	7–5, 4–6, 7–6
	1994	Byron Black Jonathan Stark	Jim Grabb Jared Palmer	7–6, 6–4
	1995	Jared Palmer Richey Reneberg	Tommy Ho Brett Steven	4–6, 7–6, 6–1
	1996	Mark Knowles Daniel Nestor	Todd Woodbridge Mark Woodforde	6–4, 7–5
	1997	Ellis Ferreira Patrick Galbraith	Rick Leach Jonathan Stark	6–3, 3–6, 6–1
	1998	Todd Woodbridge Mark Woodforde	Ellis Ferreira David Roditi	6–3, 6–4
	1999	Todd Woodbridge Mark Woodforde	Sébastien Lareau Alex O'Brien	6–3, 6–4
	2000	Justin Gimelstob Sébastien Lareau	Jim Grabb Richey Reneberg	6–2, 6–4
	2001	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	Alex O'Brien Jonathan Stark	6–3, 7–6
	2002	Brian MacPhie Nenad Zimonjić	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	6–3, 3–6, [10–4]
	2003	Mark Knowles Daniel Nestor	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	6–2, 7–6
	2004	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	Jeff Coetzee Chris Haggard	6–3, 6–4
	2005	Simon Aspelin Todd Perry	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	6–4, 6–4
	2006	Ivo Karlović Chris Haggard	James Blake Mardy Fish	0–6, 7–5, [10–5]
	2007	Eric Butorac Jamie Murray	Julian Knowle Jürgen Melzer	7–5, 6–3
	2008	Mahesh Bhupathi Mark Knowles	Sanchai Ratiwatana Sonchat Ratiwatana	7–6(7–5), 6–2
	2009	Mardy Fish Mark Knowles	Travis Parrott Filip Polášek	7–6(9–7), 6–1
	2010	John Isner Sam Querrey	Ross Hutchins Jordan Kerr	6–4, 6–4
	2011	Max Mirnyi Daniel Nestor	Eric Butorac Jean-Julien Rojer	6–2, 6–7(6–8), [10–3]
	2012	Max Mirnyi Daniel Nestor	Ivan Dodig Marcelo Melo	4–6, 7–5, [10–7]
	2013	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	James Blake Jack Sock	6–1, 6–2
	2014	Eric Butorac Raven Klaasen	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	6–4, 6–4
	2015	see Memphis Open

Women's finals

Singles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Oklahoma City	1986	Marcella Mesker	Lori McNeil	6–4, 4–6, 6–3
	1987	Elizabeth Smylie	Lori McNeil	4–6, 6–3, 7–5
	1988	Lori McNeil	Brenda Schultz	6–3, 6–2
	1989	Manon Bollegraf	Leila Meskhi	6–4, 6–4
	1990	Amy Frazier	Manon Bollegraf	6–4, 6–2
	1991	Jana Novotná	Anne Smith	3–6, 6–3, 6–2
	1992	Zina Garrison-Jackson	Lori McNeil	7–5, 3–6, 7–6
	1993	Zina Garrison-Jackson (2)	Patty Fendick	6–2, 6–2
	1994	Meredith McGrath	Brenda Schultz	7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–4)
	1995	Brenda Schultz	Elena Likhovtseva	6–1, 6–2
	1996	Brenda Schultz-McCarthy(2)	Amanda Coetzer	6–3, 6–2
	1997	Lindsay Davenport	Lisa Raymond	6–4, 6–2
	1998	Venus Williams	Joannette Kruger	6–3, 6–2
	1999	Venus Williams (2)	Amanda Coetzer	6–3, 6–0
	2000	Monica Seles	Nathalie Dechy	6–1, 7–6(7–3)
	2001	Monica Seles (2)	Jennifer Capriati	6–3, 5–7, 6–2
Memphis	2002	Lisa Raymond	Alexandra Stevenson	4–6, 6–3, 7–6(11–9)
	2003	Lisa Raymond (2)	Amanda Coetzer	6–3, 6–2
	2004	Vera Zvonareva	Lisa Raymond	4–6, 6–4, 7–5
	2005	Vera Zvonareva (2)	Meghann Shaughnessy	7–6(7–3), 6–2
	2006	Sofia Arvidsson	Marta Domachowska	6–2, 2–6, 6–3
	2007	Venus Williams (3)	Shahar Pe'er	6–1, 6–1
	2008	Lindsay Davenport (2)	Olga Govortsova	6–2, 6–1
	2009	Victoria Azarenka	Caroline Wozniacki	6–1, 6–3
	2010	Maria Sharapova	Sofia Arvidsson	6–2, 6–1
	2011	Magdaléna Rybáriková	Rebecca Marino	6–2, ret.
	2012	Sofia Arvidsson (2)	Marina Erakovic	6–3, 6–4
	2013	Marina Erakovic	Sabine Lisicki	6–1, ret.

Doubles

Location	Year	Champions	Runners-up	Score
Oklahoma City	1986	Marcella Mesker Pascale Paradis	Lori McNeil Catherine Suire	2–6, 7–6(7–1), 6–1
	1987	Svetlana Parkhomenko Larisa Savchenko	Lori McNeil Kim Sands	6–4, 6–4
	1988	Jana Novotná Catherine Suire	Catarina Lindqvist Tine Scheuer-Larsen	6–4, 6–4
	1989	Lori McNeil Betsy Nagelsen	Elise Burgin Elizabeth Smylie	W/O
	1990	Mary Lou Daniels Wendy White	Manon Bollegraf Lise Gregory	7–5, 6–2
	1991	Meredith McGrath Anne Smith	Katrina Adams Jill Hetherington	6–2, 6–4
	1992	Lori McNeil (2) Nicole Provis	Katrina Adams Manon Bollegraf	3–6, 6–4, 7–6(8–6)
	1993	Patty Fendick Zina Garrison-Jackson	Katrina Adams Manon Bollegraf	6–3, 6–2
	1994	Patty Fendick (2) Meredith McGrath (2)	Katrina Adams Manon Bollegraf	7–6(7–3), 6–2
	1995	Nicole Arendt Laura Golarsa	Katrina Adams Brenda Schultz	6–4, 6–3
	1996	Chanda Rubin Brenda Schultz-McCarthy	Katrina Adams Debbie Graham	6–4, 6–3
	1997	Rika Hiraki Nana Miyagi	Marianne Werdel-Witmeyer Tami Whitlinger-Jones	6–4, 6–1
	1998	Serena Williams Venus Williams	Cătălina Cristea Kristine Kunce	7–5, 6–2
	1999	Lisa Raymond Rennae Stubbs	Amanda Coetzer Jessica Steck	6–3, 6–4
	2000	Kimberly Po Corina Morariu	Tamarine Tanasugarn Elena Tatarkova	6–4, 4–6, 6–2
	2001	Amanda Coetzer Lori McNeil (3)	Janet Lee Wynne Prakusya	6–3, 2–6, 6–0
Memphis	2002	Ai Sugiyama Elena Tatarkova	Melissa Middleton Brie Rippner	6–4, 2–6, 6–0
	2003	Akiko Morigami Saori Obata	Alina Jidkova Bryanne Stewart	6–1, 6–1
	2004	Åsa Svensson Meilen Tu	Maria Sharapova Vera Zvonareva	6–4, 7–6(7–0)
	2005	Miho Saeki Yuka Yoshida	Laura Granville Abigail Spears	6–3, 6–4
	2006	Lisa Raymond (2) Samantha Stosur	Victoria Azarenka Caroline Wozniacki	7–6(7–2), 6–3
	2007	Nicole Pratt Bryanne Stewart	Jarmila Gajdošová Akiko Morigami	7–5, 4–6, [10–5]
	2008	Lindsay Davenport Lisa Raymond (3)	Angela Haynes Mashona Washington	6–3, 6–1
	2009	Victoria Azarenka Caroline Wozniacki	Yuliana Fedak Michaëlla Krajicek	6–1, 7–6(7–2)
	2010	Vania King Michaëlla Krajicek	Bethanie Mattek-Sands Meghann Shaughnessy	7–5, 6–2
	2011	Olga Govortsova Alla Kudryavtseva	Andrea Hlaváčková Lucie Hradecká	6–3, 4–6, [10–8]
	2012	Andrea Hlaváčková Lucie Hradecká	Vera Dushevina Olga Govortsova	6–3, 6–4
	2013	Galina Voskoboeva Kristina Mladenovic	Sofia Arvidsson Johanna Larsson	7–6(7–5), 6–3