USS Mississippi, named either for the state of Mississippi or the Mississippi River, may refer to:

• USS Mississippi (1841) was a sidewheel frigate that saw action in the Mexican–American War and was lost during the American Civil War
• USS Mississippi (BB-23) was the lead ship of the Mississippi class of battleships, saw action before World War I and was eventually sold to Greece
• USS Mississippi (BB-41) was a New Mexico-class battleship and saw action during World War II
• USS Mississippi (CGN-40) was a Virginia-class nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser
• USS Mississippi (SSN-782) is a Virginia-class submarine commissioned in 2012