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The power to formulate a fair, just, and uniform rule of naturalization is enumerated in the United States Constitution and granted to the United States Congress by Article I, section 8, clause 4.[1]
The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 sets forth the legal requirements for the acquisition of, and divestiture from, American nationality. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution clarifies these requirements. The most recent changes to statutory law were made by the United States Congress in 2001.
...regarding the derivative acquisition of U.S. citizenship by minor children were broadened by the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 (CCA). This law became effective February 27, 2001, and remains effective as of this writing (5/25/2011). Under current law, children under 18 automatically acquire U.S. citizenship if three requirements are met.
In this situation, once all three requirements are met, U.S. citizenship is automatically conferred upon the child/ren by operation of law without the need to file a specific application requesting U.S. citizenship. These provisions apply to one's adopted child/ren as well as biological child/ren.