The first professional league, the original National Basketball League (NBL), formed in 1898. The league lasted six years, playing five completed seasons between 1898–1899 and 1902–1903. The first nationwide professional league, the original American Basketball League (ABL) formed in 1925. The league lasted 29 years, playing 26 completed seasons between 1925–26 and 1952–53.

A second nationwide professional league, the new National Basketball League (NBL), formed in 1937. The league played 12 completed seasons between 1937–38 and 1948–49. The NBL became the first national sports league in the United States to become racially integrated in 1942, five years before Jackie Robinson played in Major League Baseball. The NBL became the first professional sports league to feature an all-black team after it enlisted the New York Renaissance, the first black-owned barnstorming basketball team founded in 1923, who played in the final 1948–49 season as the Dayton Rens. A third nationwide professional league, the Basketball Association of America, formed in 1946. After three completed seasons, the BAA merged with the NBL to form the National Basketball Association (NBA) and resumed play with the 1949–50 season. The NBA opted to maintain the BAA's history and records in addition to being a white-only league until the following 1950–51 season when it became a racially integrated league.

Before the 1950–51 season, the NBA contracted from 17 to 11 teams, with some of the clubs forming the National Professional Basketball League (NPBL) which lasted one season. The original ABL folded in 1995. A fourth nationwide league, the new American Basketball League, was formed in 1961 which introduced the three-point line and lasted two years. The three-pointer was subsequently adopted by the regional Eastern Professional Basketball League (EPBL) which was founded in 1946. A fifth nationwide league, the American Basketball Association, was formed in 1967.

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