From Cornish heraldry
The phrase Tre, Pol and Pen is used to describe people from or places in Cornwall, UK. The full rhyming couplet runs: By Tre Pol and Pen / Shall ye know all Cornishmen,[1][2] a version of which was recorded by Richard Carew in his Survey of Cornwall, published in 1602.[3] Many Cornish surnames and place names still retain these words as prefixes, such as the surname Trelawny and the village Polzeath. Tre in the Cornish language means a settlement or homestead; Pol, a pond, lake or well; and Pen (also Welsh and Cumbric), a hill or headland. Cornish surnames and placenames are generally pronounced with the emphasis on the second syllable.[4]
Arms of Richard of Cornwall, Earl of Cornwall: Argent, a lion rampant gules crowned or a bordure sable bezantée.
|
Arms of Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall as King of the Romans
|
Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall as King of the Romans
|
For further reading; Coat of arms of the Prince of Wales
Title | Escutcheon | Greater Version |
Blazon | Date of Creation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Duke of Cornwall | Sables, Fifteen bezants or, five, four, three, two, one | 1337 | ||
Duke of Cornwall (as the Prince of Wales) |
Quarterly, 1st and 4th Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langued Azure (for England), 2nd quarter Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules (for Scotland), 3rd quarter Azure a harp Or stringed Argent (for Ireland), with over all a label of three points Argent, and on an inescutcheon ensigned by the coronet of the heir-apparent, quarterly, Or and Gules four lions passant guardant counterchanged (for the Principality of Wales) | 1911 | ||
Shield of Peace | Sables, three feathers argent, slipped through scrolls inscribed 'Ich Dien' | 1337 |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Arundell | Sable, six martlets argent | • Trerice |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Basset | Barry wavy of six or and gules | • Tehidy | |
Boscawen | Ermine, a rose gules barbed and seeded proper | • Falmouth | |
Buller | Sable, on a cross argent quarter pierced of the field four eagles displayed of the first | • Trenant Park [5] |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Cornewall baronets | Arms of Cornewall: Argent, a lion rampant gules ducally crowned or a bordure engrailed sable bezantée (being the arms of Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall (1209-1272) with difference a bordure engrailed[6])
[7]
[8] Cite error: A |
Moccas Court, co. of Hereford | |
Coryton | Argent, a saltire sable | • Pentillie [10] | |
Curnow | Argent, lion rampant gules with a ducal crown or | ||
Cutts | Argent, a bend engrailed sables, three roundels argent. | • Calstock |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Edgcumbe | Gules, bend ermines cotised or three boar's heads couped argent | • Cotehele • Mount Edgcumbe, Maker | |
Elliot | Argent, a Fess Gules, between double-cotises wavy Azure | • Port Eliot |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Fortescue | Azure, a bend engrailed argent plain cotised or | • Boconnoc | |
Fox | Ermine, chevron azure, three foxes or, canton azure, fleur de lis or | • Falmouth | |
Friend | Gules, chevron ermine, three deer argent | • Calstock |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Godolphin | Gules, an eagle with two heads, displayed between three fleurs-de-lys, two and one, argent | • Godolphin House | |
Goss | Argent, mullet gules, two, two, one, two, two | • Goss's boatyard, Calstock | |
Grenville | Gules, three clarions or |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Killigrew | Argent, bordure sables, 15 bezants or, eagle sables |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Molesworth-St Aubyn | Ermine, on a cross sable five bezants [11] | • Pencarrow |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Pascoe | Argent, lion rampant sable | ||
Pengelly | |||
Prideaux | Argent, a chevron sable in chief a label of three points gules [12] | • Prideaux Place |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Rashleigh | [Text missing]Argent beaked and legged gules; in the second quarter: a text "T"; in the third and fourth quarters: a crescent all of the third | • Menabilly • Fowey | |
Robartes | Azure, three estoiles and a chief wavy or | • Lanhydrock |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Scoble | Argent, lapel azure and three Fleur-de-lis gules | • Calstock | |
Southcott | Argent, chevron engrailed gules, three coots sable | • Calstock • Callington | |
St Aubyns | Ermine on a Cross Gules five Bezants all within a Bordure wavy of the second | • St Michael's Mount |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Thomas | Per pale nebuly argent and azure,[13] as borne by Thomas of Lelant, Thomas of Crowan, Thomas of Tremayne, Thoms, and Bosarvane, also Thomas, of St Just | • St Just in Penwith | |
Treffry | Sable, a Chevron between three Trees Argent.[14] | • Place, Fowey | |
Trelawny | Argent, chevron sable [15] | • Harewood House, Calstock • Trelawny, Pelynt | |
Trevelyan | Gules, a demi-horse argent hoofed and maned or issuing out of water in base proper [16] | • St Veep |
Name | Escutcheon | Blazon | Seat or Residence |
---|---|---|---|
Westlake | Azure, wavy argent | • Calstock • Gunnislake • Tavistock | |
Wilcox | Ermine, chief chequy or and sable | • Kelly House, Calstock | |
Williams | Vair, three crescents or | • Harewood House, Calstock • St Michael Caerhays • Scorrier House; Burncoose | |
Worth | Argent, eagle sable | • Calstock |
There are several charges and tinctures (colourings) used frequently in Cornish heraldry. These are derived mainly from Cornish royal and national symbolism.
Many Cornish families from ancient times bore mottoes in the Cornish language, many of which were recorded in the 17th century. The practice of using Cornish language mottoes continues to this day. Examples include:
Main article: Cornish corporate heraldry |